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Effect of family history on outcome in German patients treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localised prostate cancer

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2012)

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
卷 48, 期 9, 页码 1312-1317

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ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.10.002

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Prostate cancer; Family history; D'Amico classification; Radical prostatectomy; Biochemical recurrence free survival

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Oncology

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Objective: The outcome of prostate cancer (CaP) patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) might be influenced by family history (FH) in a subset of patients. We analysed the effect of sporadic, familial and hereditary CaP stratified by risk on clinico-pathologic characteristics and biochemical recurrence-free survival (bRFS) following RP. Materials and methods: Data of 8041 German patients treated with RP between 1994 and 2008 in Germany were analysed. We evaluated the impact of FH stratified by D'Amico's risk classification on pathologic characteristics using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests. The impact of FH stratified by risk on bRFS was analysed in a proportional hazards regression. Results: Five thousand seven hundred and fifty six (71.6%) had sporadic, 1779 (22.1%) familial and 506 (6.3%) hereditary CaP. Adjusted for risk group, FH was associated with age of onset <65 years (p < 0.001) but not with pathological characteristics or bRFS. The subgroup of patients with high risk and hereditary CaP numerically had the lowest bRFS rate at 5 (52.9%) and 10 (30.7%) years. However, this observation was statistically insignificant (p = 0.267). Familial and hereditary CaP patients were 1-2 years younger than sporadic cases at CaP diagnosis. Conclusion: Sporadic, familial and hereditary CaP have the same pathologic characteristics and bRFS rate following RP. Patients with a positive family history are diagnosed earlier than sporadic patients. Stratification in subgroups by risk group did not add further information. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Alzaidi, Azah Althumairi, Mohammad Alyami, Abdulrahman Al Amri, Azah Althumairi, Abdullah AlFakhri, Amal Alhefdhi, Sharfuddin Chowdhury, Thamer Nouh, Ameen Alshehri, Abdulrahman Alzahrani, Yousef Alalawi, Selmy Awad, Ibrahima Konate, Abdourahmane Ndong, Jacques Tendeng, Nan Zun Teo, Frederick Koh, Jurij Ales Kosir, Uros Bele, Sabra Aqil, Cristina Barrena Lopez, Ana Sanchez Mozo, Antonio Rodriguez Infante, Patricia Caja Vivancos, Mikel Prieto, Igor Alberdi San Roman, Laura Gomez Fernandez, Josep Maria Munoz Vives, Anna Carreras-Castaner, Berta Diaz-Feijoo, Ramon Sieira-Gil, Victor Turrado-Rodriguez, Anna Sanchez Lopez, Santiago Sanchez-Cabus, Marta Jimenez Toscano, Ma Pilar Canals Sin, Saura Garcia Laura, Oriol Martin Sole, Pedro Palazon Bellver, Sonia Perez-Bertolez, Jordi Prat-Ortells, Mireia Riba Martinez, Josep Rubio-Palau, Xavier Tarrado, Jorge Nunez, Veronica Alonso Mendoza, Coro Bescos, Eloy Espin-Basany, Martin Espinosa-Bravo, Daniel Gil-Sala, Susana Gonzalez-Suarez, Nuria Montferrer Estruch, Lucia Porteiro Marino, Ana Rodriguez-Tesouro, Fabian Rojas Portilla, M. Pilar Tormos Perez, Inmaculada Vives, Unai Garcia De Cortazar, Kiara Tudela, Aitor Landaluce-Olavarria, Mercedes Estaire Gomez, Jorge Almoguera, Bakarne Ugarte-Sierra, Virginia Jimenez, Marta Bertrand, Laura Cardenas Puiggros, Olga Delisau-Puig, Jorge Garcia-Adamez, David Julia Bergkvist, Eloy Maldonado-Marcos, Lucia Diego Garcia, Marta Roldon Golet, Ivan Soto-Darias, Aida Cristina Rahy-Martin, Diego Enjuto, Adolfo Ramos-Luengo, Juan Delgado Fernandez, Carolina Lugo Duarte, Cristina Ojeda Thies, Lucila Marquez, Diana Crego Vita, Jana Dziakova, Ana Maria Minaya Bravo, Jorge Canno Velasco, Olga Mateo-Sierra, Begona Quintana-Villamandos, Cristina Rey Valcarcel, Javier Rio, Laura Roman Garcia de Leon, Marcello Di Martino, Jorge Prada, Javier Serrano Gonzalez, Manuel Losada, Jose Tomas Castell Gomez, Ramon Corripio-Sanchez, Alexander Forero-Torres, Jose Manuel Morales-Puebla, Hanna Perez-Chrzanowska, Santiago Valderrabano Gonzalez, Alvaro Yebes, Ignacio Zapardiel, Manuel Diez Alonso, Nelson Morales Palacios, Alberto Cabanero Sanchez, Fatima Sanchez Fernandez, Alfredo Abad Gurumeta, Ane Abad-Motos, Fernando Corella, Javier Ripolles-Melchor, Rosa Sanz-Gonzalez, Marta Alcaraz Fuentes, Maria Teresa Fernandez Martin, Pablo Calvo Espino, Milagros Carrasco Prats, Antonio-Jose Fernandez-Lopez, Damian Garcia Escudero, Vanesa Garcia Soria, Jesus Aaron Martinez Alonso, Miguel Ruiz-Marin, Beatriz Gomez Perez, Joaquin Moya-Angeler, Daniel Fernandez Martinez, Heura Llaquet Bayo, Enrique Colas-Ruiz, Susana Bella Romera, M. Teresa Gavalda Pellice, Misericordia Jorda Sole, Enrique Jose Ruiz Velasquez, Bernardo Nunez, Raul Jimenez, Jon Zabaleta, Maria Jose Gonzalez-Gimeno, Irene Ortega Vazquez, Antonio Perez Ferrer, Ruben Martin-Laez, Marcelo Moreno Suarez, Miguel Angel Freiria Eiras, Irene Ramallo-Solis, Juan-Carlos Gomez-Rosado, Jose Ramon Oliver Guillen, Mar Achalandabaso Boira, Juan Carlos Catala Bauset, Julio Domenech, Rafael Badenes, Juan Carlos Bernal-Sprekelsen, Jorge Sancho-Muriel, Beatriz De Andres-Asenjo, Francisco J. Tejero-Pintor, Marc Vallve-Bernal, Alba Vazquez Melero

Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that pre-operative isolation may be associated with a slight increase in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications, especially in patients with isolation periods longer than 3 days.

ANAESTHESIA (2021)

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Letter Urology & Nephrology

Reply to Giancarlo Marra, Armando Stabile, Paolo Gontero, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti, and Giorgio Gandaglia's Letter to the Editor re: Valentin H. Meissner, Isabel Rauscher, Kristina Schwamborn, et al. Radical Prostatectomy Without Prior Biopsy Following Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2021.11.019: A Storm in a Teacup

Valentin H. Meissner, Juergen E. Gschwend, Matthias M. Heck

EUROPEAN UROLOGY (2022)

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Meeting Abstract Oncology

Cohort study of oligorecurrent prostate cancer patients: Oncological outcomes of patients treated with salvage lymph node dissection via PSMA radioguided surgery.

Tobias Maurer, Mehrdad Mehdi Irai, Isabel Rauscher, Ricarda Simon, Matthias Eiber, Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen, Pim van Leeuwen, Lars Budaeus, Thomas Steuber, Markus Graefen, Pierre Tennstedt, Matthias Heck, Thomas Horn, Sophie Knipper

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

18F-rhPSMA-7 PET for the Detection of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Curative-Intent Radiation Therapy: A Bicentric Retrospective Study

Harun Ilhan, Markus Kroenke, Alexander Wurzer, Marcus Unterrainer, Matthias Heck, Claus Belka, Karina Knorr, Thomas Langbein, Isabel Rauscher, Nina -Sophie Schmidt-Hegemann, Kilian Schiller, Peter Bartenstein, Hans-Jurgen Wester, Matthias Eiber

Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of F-18-rhPSMA-7 PET/CT in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radiotherapy. The results showed that F-18-rhPSMA-7 PET/CT had high detection rates and comparable diagnostic efficacy to other PSMA ligands.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Cohort Study of Oligorecurrent Prostate Cancer Patients: Oncological Outcomes of Patients Treated with Salvage Lymph Node Dissection via Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-radioguided Surgery

Sophie Knipper, Mehrdad Mehdi Irai, Ricarda Simon, Daniel Koehler, Isabel Rauscher, Matthias Eiber, Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen, Pim van Leeuwen, Hilda de Barros, Henk van der Poel, Lars Budaeus, Thomas Steuber, Markus Graefen, Pierre Tennstedt, Matthias M. Heck, Thomas Horn, Tobias Maurer

Summary: This study evaluated the oncological outcomes of salvage PSMA-RGS in patients with recurrent oligometastatic prostate cancer and identified predictive preoperative factors for improved outcomes. The results showed that the 3-month and 2-year tumor survival rates were 32% and 58%, respectively. Preoperative PSA, number of PSMA-avid lesions, and localization of lesions were independent predictors of biochemical recurrence after PSMA-RGS.

EUROPEAN UROLOGY (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Lessons learned after one year of COVID-19 from a urologist and radiotherapist view: A German survey on prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment

Nina N. Harke, Christian Wagner, Robert M. Hermann, Boris A. Hadaschik, Jan Philipp Radtke, Alev Altay-Langguth, Stefan Aufderklamm, Christian Bach, Martina Becker-Schiebe, Andreas Blana, Frank Bruns, Stephan Buse, Stephanie E. Combs, Christina L. Engels, Emad Ezzibdeh, Marcel Fiedler, Laura-Anna Fischer, Mahmoud Farzat, Alexander Frismann, Matthias M. Heck, Christoph Henkenberens, Marie C. Roesch, Christoph Kaeding, Gunther Klautke, Philipp Krausewitz, Markus A. Kuczyk, Conrad Leitsmann, Sebastian Lettmaier, Samy Mahjoub, Andreas Manseck, Daniel Medenwald, Andreas Meyer, Oliver Micke, Rudolf Moritz, Marcel Ott, Inga Peters, Sasa Pokupic, Daniel Porres, Felix Preisser, Kathrin Reichel, Andreas Schneider, Christian Schwentner, Sergiu Scobioala, Michael Truss, Daniel Wegener, Felix Wezel, Kay Willborn, Joern H. Witt, Andrea Wittig, Michael Wittlinger, Hendrik A. Wolff, Volker Zimmermanns, Hans Christiansen

Summary: Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been changes in the treatment strategies for PCa. This study investigated the PCa treatment in German urological and radiotherapy departments during the pandemic and found that the total number of PCa therapies increased by 6% in 2020 compared to 2019. However, the impact of the pandemic varied during different waves and there was heterogeneity in the implementation of recommendations regarding prioritization and fractionation routines.

PLOS ONE (2022)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Development and external validation of a multivariable [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-based prediction model for lymph node involvement in men with intermediate or high-risk prostate cancer

Urs J. Muehlematter, Lilit Schweiger, Daniela A. Ferraro, Thomas Hermanns, Tobias Maurer, Matthias M. Heck, Niels J. Rupp, Matthias Eiber, Isabel Rauscher, Irene A. Burger

Summary: This study developed and evaluated a LNI prediction model using [Ga-68]Ga-PSMA-11 PET, showing improved prediction in intermediate to high-risk PCa patients.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING (2023)

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Article Oncology

Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-radioguided Surgery Facilitates Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection During Radical Prostatectomy for the Treatment of Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer with Regional Lymph Node Metastases

Lukas Lunger, Lisa Steinhelfer, Philipp Korn, Matthias Eiber, Tobias Maurer, Jakob Buechler, Thomas Horn, Jurgen E. Gschwend, Matthias M. Heck

Summary: This study investigated the use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-radioguided surgery (RGS) to remove locoregional lymph node metastases (LNMs) identified on preoperative PSMA positron emission tomography (PET) during open radical prostatectomy (RP) with extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). The results showed a high success rate (94%) of resecting PSMA-positive LNMs using RGS, with 40% of LNMs located outside the ePLND template. Patients with a lower metastatic burden on preoperative PSMA PET had better postoperative outcomes. The study has limitations including a retrospective analysis and a small sample size.

EUROPEAN UROLOGY ONCOLOGY (2023)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Cytoreductive radical prostatectomy after chemohormonal therapy in patients with primary metastatic prostate cancer

Christa Babst, Thomas Amiel, Tobias Maurer, Sophie Knipper, Lukas Lunger, Robert Tauber, Margitta Retz, Kathleen Herkommer, Matthias Eiber, Gunhild von Amsberg, Markus Graefen, Juergen Gschwend, Thomas Steuber, Matthias Heck

Summary: This study examined the feasibility of a multimodal concept with primary chemohormonal therapy followed by cytoreductive radical prostatectomy (cRP) in the treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). The results showed a significant reduction in prostate volume under chemohormonal therapy, low postoperative complication rates, and high early postoperative continence rates.

ASIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY (2022)

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Meeting Abstract Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Oncological and postoperative outcome of salvage PSMA-radioguided surgery in recurrent prostate cancer

T. Maurer, S. Knipper, M. Irai, D. Koehler, I. Rauscher, F. W. van Leeuwen, P. van Leeuwen, H. de Barros, L. Budaeus, T. Steuber, M. Graefen, M. M. Heck, R. Simon, T. Horn, M. Eiber

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING (2021)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Positive Predictive Value and Correct Detection Rate of 18F-rhPSMA-7 PET in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer Validated by Composite Reference Standard

Maythinee Chantadisai, Gabriel Buschner, Markus Kroenke, Isabel Rauscher, Thomas Langbein, Stephan G. Nekolla, Kilian Schiller, Matthias M. Heck, Tobias Maurer, Alexander Wurzer, Hans-Juergen Wester, Calogero D'Alessandria, Wolfgang Weber, Matthias Eiber

Summary: The study assessed the detection rate, positive predictive value, and correct detection rate of F-18-rhPSMA-7 PET/CT in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. Results show high PPV and dependency of CDR on prescan PSA levels.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Oncology

Genomic profiling of tissue and blood predicts survival outcomes in patients with resected pleural mesothelioma

Diego de Miguel-Perez, Edward M. Pickering, Umberto Malapelle, William Grier, Francesco Pepe, Pasquale Pisapia, Gianluca Russo, Joseph A. Pinto, Alessandro Russo, Giancarlo Troncone, Melissa J. Culligan, Katherine A. Scilla, Ranee Mehra, Pranshu Mohindra, Oscar Arrieta, Andres F. Cardona, Marzia Del Re, Ashutosh Sachdeva, Fred R. Hirsch, Andrea Wolf, Joseph S. Friedberg, Christian Rolfo

Summary: In this study, genetic alterations in resectable pleural mesothelioma tissues and blood samples were analyzed, and it was found that high tissue tumor mutational burden, tissue median minor allele frequency, blood tumor mutational burden, and specific mutations were correlated with outcomes in patients with resected PM. These findings suggest that molecular profiling could help identify longer survivors in patients with resected PM.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Perioperative NALIRIFOX in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: The open-label, multicenter, phase II nITRO trial

Davide Melisi, Camilla Zecchetto, Valeria Merz, Giuseppe Malleo, Luca Landoni, Alberto Quinzii, Simona Casalino, Federica Fazzini, Marina Gaule, Camilla Pesoni, Luca Casetti, Alessandro Esposito, Giovanni Marchegiani, Cristiana Piazzola, Mirko D'Onofrio, Riccardo de Robertis, Armando Gabbrielli, Laura Bernardoni, Stefano F. Crino, Silvia Pietrobono, Claudio Luchini, Camillo Aliberti, Guido Martignoni, Stefano Milleri, Giovanni Butturini, Aldo Scarpa, Roberto Salvia, Claudio Bassi

Summary: This study evaluated the safety and activity of liposomal irinotecan in the perioperative treatment of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC) patients. The results showed that NALIRIFOX has manageable and active outcomes, and should be further investigated in randomized trials comparing it to standard upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Phase I LITESPARK-001 study of belzutifan for advanced solid tumors: Extended 41-month follow-up in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma cohort

Eric Jonasch, Todd M. Bauer, Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Jaime R. Merchan, David F. Mcdermott, M. Dror Michaelson, Leonard J. Appleman, Ananya Roy, Rodolfo F. Perini, Yanfang Liu, Toni K. Choueiri

Summary: After a median follow-up of 41.2 months, belzutifan monotherapy demonstrated durable antitumor activity in patients with advanced ccRCC and acceptable safety.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Impact of colorectal cancer screening on survival after metachronous metastasis

Patricia A. H. Hamers, Geraldine R. Vink, Marloes A. G. Elferink, Leon M. G. Moons, Cornelis J. A. Punt, Anne M. May, Miriam Koopman

Summary: Screen-detection of the primary tumor is associated with longer overall survival after metachronous metastasis.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Sentinel-node biopsy in apparent early stage ovarian cancer: final results of a prospective multicentre study (SELLY)

Camilla Nero, Nicolo Bizzarri, Stefano Di Berardino, Francesca Sillano, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Francesco Cosentino, Virginia Vargiu, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone, Enrico Vizza, Benito Chiofalo, Stefano Uccella, Fabio Ghezzi, Luigi Carlo Turco, Giacomo Corrado, Diana Giannarelli, Tina Pasciuto, Gian Franco Zannoni, Anna Fagotti, Giovanni Scambia

Summary: This study evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of sentinel-lymph-node mapping compared to systematic lymphadenectomy in detecting lymph node metastasis in early stage ovarian cancer. The results show that sentinel-lymph-node mapping did not reach the expected sensitivity, but ultra-staging protocol improved the accuracy of diagnosis for patients.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

The features and management of acquired resistance to PD1-based therapy in metastatic melanoma

Adriana Hepner, Judith M. Versluis, Roslyn Wallace, Clara Allayous, Lauren Julia Brown, Claudia Trojanielloh, Camille Lea Gerardi, Yanina J. L. Jansenj, Prachi Bhave, Bart Neyns, Andrew Haydon, Olivier Michielin, Joanna Manganan Oliver Klein, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Allison Betof Warner, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Jennifer Leigh McQuade, Matteo S. Carlino, Lisa Zimmer, Celeste Lebbe, Douglas B. Johnson, Shahneen Sandhu, Victoria Atkinson, Christian U. Blank, Serigne N. Lo, Georgina V. Long, Alexander M. Menzies

Summary: Acquired resistance to PD-1 therapy in melanoma is mainly oligometastatic, and patients may have a favorable survival outcome following salvage treatment.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Major cardiovascular adverse events in older adults with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer treated with adjuvant taxane plus anthracycline versus taxane-based chemotherapy regimens: A SEER-medicare study

Savannah Roy, Stephanie Lakritz, Anna R. Schreiber, Elizabeth Molina Kuna, Cathy J. Bradley, Lavanya Kondapalli, Jennifer R. Diamond

Summary: This study evaluates major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in older women with TNBC treated with anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy (ATAX) compared to taxane-based chemotherapy (TAX). The results show that ATAX does not increase the risk of MACE and there is no difference in survival between patients who received TAX and ATAX.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Letter Oncology

Osimertinib-induced urticarial vasculitis in a patient with lung cancer: A rare cutaneous toxicity

Pei-Chun Weng, Yau-Li Huang, Chun-Yu Cheng

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Deep learning based histological classification of adnex tumors

Philipp Jansen, Jean Le 'Clerc Arrastia, Daniel Otero Baguer, Maximilian Schmidt, Jennifer Landsberg, Joerg Wenzel, Michael Emberger, Dirk Schadendorf, Eva Hadaschik, Peter Maass, Klaus Georg Griewank

Summary: This study highlights the enormous potential of artificial intelligence in pathology, showing that it can aid in the identification of rare cutaneous adnexal tumors and potentially become a standard tool in routine diagnostics.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy modulates the peripheral immune landscape in pancreatic cancer: Implications for combination therapies and early response prediction

Casper W. F. van Eijck, Gaby Strijk, Eveline E. Vietscha, Fleur van der Sijde, Maaike Verheij, Dana A. M. Mustafa, Madelief Vinkc, Joachim G. J. V. Aerts, Casper H. J. van Eijck, Marcella Willemsen

Summary: The study reveals that FOLFIRINOX has immunomodulatory effects, suggesting its potential in immune-based combination therapies for pancreatic cancer. Additionally, certain plasma proteins hold promise as circulating predictive biomarkers for early prediction of FOLFIRINOX response in patients with pancreatic cancer.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Immunotherapy response in microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer is influenced by site of metastases

Marwan Fakih, Chongkai Wang, Jaideep Sandhu, Jian Ye, Colt Egelston, Xiaochen Li

Summary: This study explores the impact of metastatic sites on treatment outcomes for chemotherapy-refractory colorectal cancer patients. It found that patients with liver or peritoneal metastases had poor treatment outcomes, while those with lung-only metastases showed significant response. The presence of concurrent lymph node or other extrahepatic metastatic disease diminished treatment response in patients with lung metastases. Future checkpoint inhibitor trials should stratify patients based on metastatic locations.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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Article Oncology

Peptide absent sequences emerging in human cancers

Georgios Christos Tsiatsianis, Candace S. Y. Chan, Ioannis Mouratidis, Nikol Chantzi, Anna Maria Tsiatsiani, Nelson S. Yee, Apostolos Zaravinos, Verena Kantere, Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares

Summary: The study reveals that nullpeptides can serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and treatment, particularly in highly recurrent cancer patients. These nullpeptides primarily occur in highly expressed genes, particularly in specific loci of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Recurrent nullpeptides are more likely to be found in neoantigens, which play a significant role in immunotherapy.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2024)

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