期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
卷 47, 期 12, 页码 1808-1816出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.02.007
关键词
Folate; One-carbon metabolism; Pancreatic cancer; EPIC
类别
资金
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) [2008/51]
- European Commission (SANCO)
- Danish Cancer Society, Denmark
- Ligue centre le Cancer, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, France
- Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, France
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), France
- Hellenic Ministry of Health, Greece
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Greece
- German Cancer Aid, Cerman Cancer Research Cente, Germany
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany [01-EA-9401]
- Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italy
- National Research Council, Italy
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands
- Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), Netherlands
- LK Research Funds, Netherlands
- Dutch Prevention Funds, Netherlands
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), Netherlands
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Netherlands
- Statistics Netherlands, Netherlands
- Helga-Nordforsk center of excellence in food, nutrition and health, Norway
- Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spain [96/0032]
- participating regional governments and institutions
- Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, and Regional Government of Skane, Sweden
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council, UK
- Medical Research Council [G0801056B, G0401527, MC_U106179471, G1000143] Funding Source: researchfish
Folate intake has shown an inverse association with pancreatic cancer; nevertheless, results from plasma measurements were inconsistent. The aim of this study is to examine the association between plasma total homocysteine, methionine, folate, cobalamin, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, riboflavin, flavin mononucleotide and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We conducted a nested case-control study in the EPIC cohort, which has an average of 9.6 years of follow-up (1992-2006), using 463 incident pancreatic cancer cases. Controls were matched to each case by center, sex, age (+/- 1 year), date (+/- 1 year) and time (+/- 3 h) at blood collection and fasting status. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for education, smoking status, plasma cotinine concentration, alcohol drinking, body mass index and diabetes status. We observed a U-shaped association between plasma folate and pancreatic cancer risk. The ORs for plasma folate <= 5, 5-10, 10-15 (reference), 15-20, and > 20 nmol/L were 1.58 (95% CI = 0.72-3.46), 1.39 (0.93-2.08), 1.0 (reference), 0.79 (0.52-1.21), and 1.34 (0.89-2.02), respectively. Methionine was associated with an increased risk in men (per quintile increment: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.00-1.38) but not in women (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.78-1.07; p for heterogeneity < 0.01). Our results suggest a U-shaped association between plasma folate and pancreatic cancer risk in both men and women. The positive association that we observed between methionine and pancreatic cancer may be sex dependent and may differ by time of follow-up. However, the mechanisms behind the observed associations warrant further investigation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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