Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei-Ting Kuo, Matthew A. Odenwald, Jerrold R. Turner, Li Zuo
Summary: Epithelial cells are the first line of defense in mucosal defense. The tight junction, formed by interactions between claudins, zonula occludens, and tight junction-associated MARVEL protein (TAMP) families, plays a key role in sealing the paracellular space and preventing leakage. In addition to their canonical functions in barrier formation, ZO-1 and occludin also have essential noncanonical functions, including regulating apoptosis and proliferation, facilitating viral entry, and organizing specialized epithelial structures.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jasmin Ballout, Rebecca Classen, Katrin Richter, Veronika Grau, Martin Diener
Summary: This study found that ionotropic P2X receptors are involved in the regulation of intestinal ion transport in rat colonic epithelia.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Grace Yoon, Laurie A. Davidson, Jennifer S. Goldsby, Destiny A. Mullens, Ivan Ivanov, Sharon M. Donovan, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: The study compared the transcriptional profiles of exfoliated cells with that of the ileal and colonic mucosa, finding that exfoliated cells in the distal colon may reflect mucosal signatures of more proximal regions of the gut.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anping Ji, Bo Wang, Guofeng Xia, Jinjie Luo, Zhenghua Deng
Summary: Experimental studies have shown that ion dynamics in single-digit nanopores of comparable dimensions to the Debye length deviate from bulk values, but there are still knowledge gaps in understanding ion transport in nanoconfinement. This study investigated the dynamics of monovalent ions in single-digit nanopores from the perspective of ionic conductance, providing a basic understanding and analysis of each conductance component.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Vanoli, Federica Grillo, Daniela Furlan, Giovanni Arpa, Oneda Grami, Camilla Guerini, Roberta Riboni, Luca Mastracci, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: The broader use of gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures has resulted in an increased detection of small intestinal precancerous and cancerous epithelial lesions, which are often associated with hereditary tumor syndromes and immune-related disorders. These lesions exhibit different molecular pathogenetic mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yosuke Shimodaira, Shyam K. More, Hussein Hamade, Anna Y. Blackwood, Jay P. Abraham, Lisa S. Thomas, Jordan H. Miller, Dalton T. Stamps, Sofi L. Castanon, Noam Jacob, Connie W. Y. Ha, Suzanne Devkota, David Q. Shih, Stephan R. Targan, Kathrin S. Michelsen
Summary: The expression of death receptor 3 in intestinal epithelial cells regulates intestinal permeability and cellular localization of tight junction proteins during homeostasis. Consequently, Dr3DIEC mice are more susceptible to acute colitis and show severely impaired epithelial barrier regeneration.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caihui Zhu, Li Yin, Jianzhi Xu, Xingjian Yang, Hao Wang, Xiaowei Xiang, Haotian Liu, Kefu Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the microcosmic changes of collagen within the fusion area induced by high-frequency electric field welding. The results showed that compression pressure, power, and time can all affect the state of collagen, but the mechanisms are different.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yu Huan, Mengyue Ma, Yuanhui Su, Dehua Dong, Xun Hu, Tao Wei
Summary: Oxide-ion conductors are commonly used in various environments for catalytic, conductive, and detecting purposes. However, the evaluation of intrinsic oxygen-ion transport in all environments has been limited. This study focuses on evaluating intrinsic oxide-ion conductivity and oxygen permeability in different environments and analyzing the factors that affect oxygen-ion transport.
JOURNAL OF MATERIOMICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Minli Wang, Hui Li, Fang Wang
Summary: The article presents the use of TEER value for assessing the integrity of epithelial and endothelial cell barriers, as well as the role of TEER value in mechanisms of retinal disorders.
DISCOVERY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manzoor Ahmad, Naveen J. Roy, Anurag Singh, Debashis Mondal, Abhishek Mondal, Thangavel Vijayakanth, Mayurika Lahiri, Pinaki Talukdar
Summary: Artificial biomimetic chloride anionophores have potential applications in anticancer scaffolds. Stimuli-responsive chloride transporters that can be selectively activated inside cancer cells are rare. Light-responsive systems, with their spatiotemporal controllability, low toxicity, and high tunability, show promise for photodynamic therapy. In this work, o-nitrobenzyl-linked, benzimidazole-based protransporters and active transporters were studied, and one compound showed efficient ion transport activity. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed the main ion transport process and the necessity of double protection with photocages for complete activation by external light. The activated procarriers induced phototoxic cell death in MCF-7 cancer cells.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
F. Christopher Peritore-Galve, Izumi Kaji, Anna Smith, Lauren M. Walker, John A. Shupe, M. Kay Washington, Holly M. Scott Algood, Pradeep K. Dudeja, James R. Goldenring, D. Borden Lacy
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. This study found that CDI increases intestinal permeability and decreases the abundance of key ion transporters, leading to osmotic diarrhea. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of diarrhea during CDI and may lead to new treatments for CDI-associated diarrhea.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manzoor Ahmad, Naveen J. Roy, Anurag Singh, Debashis Mondal, Abhishek Mondal, Thangavel Vijayakanth, Mayurika Lahiri, Pinaki Talukdar
Summary: Artificial biomimetic chloride anionophores have potential applications as anticancer scaffolds. Stimuli-responsive chloride transporters that can be selectively activated inside cancer cells are rare, and light-responsive systems show promise for photodynamic therapy. In this study, O-nitrobenzyl-linked, benzimidazole-based protransporters and benzimidazole-2-amine-based active transporters were synthesized. Trifluoromethyl-based anionophore showed efficient ion transport activity, and mechanistic studies revealed Cl-/NO3- antiport as the main ion transport process. Activation of the protransporters inside MCF-7 cancer cells induced phototoxic cell death.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesco M. Stalla, Marco Astegiano, Davide G. Ribaldone, Giorgio M. Saracco, Rinaldo Pellicano
Summary: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding the physiology of intestinal permeability and microbiota and their influence on disease pathogenesis. Intestinal permeability refers to the processes that allow the passage of molecules such as water, electrolytes, and nutrients through the intestinal barrier, and it has implications for immune responses and the development of immune-related diseases. The intestinal permeability also interacts with the microbiota, which plays a crucial role in digestive and protective functions. This review focuses on the small intestine and its anatomy, barrier structure, permeability modulation, and microbiota composition, highlighting their importance in understanding the complex pathogenesis of various diseases, not limited to gastroenterological conditions.
MINERVA GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sindhu Nagaraja, Kay Leichsenring, Marreddy Ambati, Laura De Lorenzis, Markus Boel
Summary: This study investigates anisotropic elasticity and fracture in small intestine walls using experimental and computational methods, finding high sensitivity to tissue orientation and crack propagation direction. A continuum mechanical model and phase-field approach are used to study the observed behavior, with parameters calibrated based on experimental data for good agreement between experimental and computational results. The proposed model effectively captures anisotropy in both elastic and fracture behavior, providing insight into small intestine mechanics and serving as a promising tool for future research on diseased small intestinal tissue.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuppan Gokulan, Katherine Williams, Sarah Orr, Sangeeta Khare
Summary: The study revealed that there are different responses to consumer products containing antimicrobial silver nanoparticles between male and female subjects. Males showed higher levels of inflammatory markers after treatment, while females did not show significant effects. Smaller size silver nanoparticles perturbed more permeability-related genes in males, while exposure to 20 nm nanoparticles resulted in a greater upregulation of genes in females.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)