Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aleksandra Szlas, Jakub Michal Kurek, Zbigniew Krejpcio
Summary: L-arginine is a safe endogenous amino acid involved in various regulatory functions in the body. It may be helpful in managing disturbed metabolism, regulating blood pressure, and alleviating type 2 diabetes symptoms, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood.
Article
Sport Sciences
Rachel Tan, Lee J. Wylie, Daryl P. Wilkerson, Anni Vanhatalo, Andrew M. Jones
Summary: The study suggests that multiple step transitions may be necessary to detect the influence of NO3- supplementation on steady-state V O-2, as there were no significant differences observed in V O-2 responses with single or fewer step transitions.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Stefan Kadach, Ji Won Park, Zdravko Stoyanov, Matthew I. I. Black, Anni Vanhatalo, Mark Burnley, Peter J. J. Walter, Hongyi Cai, Alan N. N. Schechter, Barbora Piknova, Andrew M. M. Jones
Summary: This study investigates the uptake and metabolism of dietary NO3- in skeletal muscles and its effects on exercise performance. The results show that muscle rapidly takes up NO3- after ingestion, and this uptake decreases during exercise. This uptake of NO3- is associated with enhanced torque production during maximal intermittent contractions.
Article
Neurosciences
James Frampton, Jose Ivan Serrano-Contreras, Isabel Garcia-Perez, Georgia Franco-Becker, Jack Penhaligan, Abbigail S. Y. Tan, Ana Claudia Cepas de Oliveira, Annabelle J. Milner, Kevin G. Murphy, Gary Frost, Edward S. Chambers
Summary: Understanding the metabolic determinants of postexercise appetite regulation is important for developing therapeutics to suppress overeating behaviors and enhance the efficacy of exercise as a weight-loss treatment. This study found that dietary carbohydrate and exercise independently influenced gastrointestinal hormones associated with appetite regulation. Plasma acetate and succinate were identified as potential mediators of exercise-induced appetite and energy intake responses.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shaun Sutehall, Borja Muniz-Pardos, Andrew N. Bosch, Stuart D. Galloway, Yannis Pitsiladis
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding sodium alginate and pectin to a carbohydrate beverage on the exogenous glucose oxidation rate. The results showed that the addition of sodium alginate and pectin did not affect the exogenous glucose oxidation rate.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Andrew M. Jones, Anni Vanhatalo, Douglas R. Seals, Matthew J. Rossman, Barbora Piknova, Kristin L. Jonvik
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in various physiological processes. It can be produced through different pathways, including the canonical NO synthase pathway and the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. Enhanced bioavailability of NO can be achieved through the interaction of oral microbiome with nitrate, leading to potential benefits for cardiovascular health and exercise performance.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nehal S. Alsharif, Tom Clifford, Abrar Alhebshi, Samantha N. Rowland, Stephen J. Bailey
Summary: Inorganic nitrate (NO3-) has shown potential as an ergogenic aid in enhancing performance during high-intensity exercise. This review analyzed 27 studies and conducted a meta-analysis, which found that NO3- supplementation improved time to reach peak power, mean power output, and total distance covered in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 test. These findings suggest that athletes participating in high-intensity exercise may benefit from NO3- supplementation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jaekyeong Kim, Mei Tong He, Jae-Seoun Hur, Jin Woo Lee, Kyo Bin Kang, Ki Sung Kang, Sang Hee Shim
Summary: Feature-based molecular networking analysis revealed the presence of naphthol tetramers in a different strain of Daldinia childae (047219) compared to the one previously used for the discovery of naphthol trimers. These new tetramers were composed of 5-methoxy-4-naphthol connected in various positions. Six previously unreported naphthol tetramers and 13 known polyketides, including naphthol monomers, dimers, and trimers, were isolated and their structures were determined through NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis. The new compounds exhibited less anti-inflammatory activity compared to nodulisporin A, nodulisporin B, and 1,1',3,3'-ternaphthalene-5,5',5''-trimethoxy-4,4',4''-triol.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arash Bandegan, Li Huang, Fred J. Longstaffe, Peter W. R. Lemon
Summary: In male endurance athletes, the oxidation of PHY reaches a plateau during prolonged exercise, with the peak oxidation occurring in the final 30 minutes. The ingestion of PHY also affects blood glucose levels during exercise.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Mi-Ling Li, Sae Yun Kwon, Brett A. Poulin, Martin Tsz-Ki Tsui, Laura C. Motta, Moonkyoung Cho
Summary: This paper reviews the progress in using mercury isotopes to understand the internal processes of mercury in biota. Mercury stable isotopes are a powerful tool for assessing mercury sources and biogeochemical processes. Understanding the internal mechanisms leading to mercury isotope change is crucial. There is still uncertainty in the understanding of the internal processes leading to mercury isotope fractionation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Brandon Faubert, Alpaslan Tasdogan, Sean J. Morrison, Thomas P. Mathews, Ralph J. DeBerardinis
Summary: This protocol assesses metabolism in intact tumors by using stable isotope-labeled nutrients delivered through bolus injection and continuous infusion in mice and humans. The study focuses on metabolic adaptations of cancer cells to meet energetic demands imposed by dysregulated growth. The methods involve introducing labeled nutrients into the circulation prior to surgical resection and analyzing isotope labeling patterns in metabolic intermediates.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wei Xia, Xiangjun Fang, Yuan Gao, Weijie Wu, Yanchao Han, Ruiling Liu, Hailong Yang, Hangjun Chen, Haiyan Gao
Summary: Food quality, safety, and nutrient metabolism play a key role in human health. However, contaminants and metabolic dysregulation in food can be problematic. Chromatography-mass spectrometry technology, especially when combined with stable isotopes, is widely used in food analysis and nutrient metabolism research. This study provides an overview of stable isotope technology applications in quantifying contaminant residues and nutrient metabolism, aiming to contribute to effective analysis techniques for protecting food quality and human health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabiola Marino, Mariangela Scalise, Eleonora Cianflone, Luca Salerno, Donato Cappetta, Nadia Salerno, Antonella De Angelis, Daniele Torella, Konrad Urbanek
Summary: Aerobic physical exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, promoting physiological remodeling of the heart in healthy individuals and slowing down or reversing pathological cardiac remodeling in cardiac diseases. This is due to the increase in cardiovascular nitric oxide production through NO pathways, which aids in vasodilation and reduces vascular resistance. Additionally, physical exercise has been shown to promote cardiac regeneration and new cardiomyocyte formation, potentially improving myocardial tissue regeneration and enhancing the efficacy of cardiac stem cell therapy.
Article
Physiology
Tim Podlogar, Spela Bokal, Simon Cirnski, Gareth A. Wallis
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different carbohydrate ingestion methods on carbohydrate oxidation rates during long endurance exercise in highly trained cyclists. The results showed that ingestion of carbohydrates at a rate of 120 g/h resulted in higher exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates, but did not lead to additional sparing of endogenous carbohydrates.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inkwon Jang, Jisu Kim, Sunghwan Kyun, Deunsol Hwang, Kiwon Lim
Summary: The study found that administration of exogenous lactate before exercise can enhance carbohydrate oxidation levels during exercise while decreasing blood glucose levels and glycogen content in muscles and liver. Additionally, the expression levels of factors related to carbohydrate oxidation and oxidative metabolism were different between the lactate intake group and the control group.