Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chu-Yi Zhang, Xiao Xiao, Zhuohua Zhang, Zhonghua Hu, Ming Li
Summary: Transcriptomic and long-read sequencing analyses have revealed alternative splicing characteristics of schizophrenia risk genes, identifying new spliced isoforms and providing examples for investigating these isoforms in vitro and in vivo.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aldo Cordova-Palomera, Dennis van der Meer, Tobias Kaufmann, Francesco Bettella, Yunpeng Wang, Dag Alnaes, Nhat Trung Doan, Ingrid Agartz, Alessandro Bertolino, Jan K. Buitelaar, David Coynel, Srdjan Djurovic, Erlend S. Dorum, Thomas Espeseth, Leonardo Fazio, Barbara Franke, Oleksandr Frei, Asta Haberg, Stephanie Le Hellard, Erik G. Jonsson, Knut K. Kolskar, Martina J. Lund, Torgeir Moberget, Jan E. Nordvik, Lars Nyberg, Andreas Papassotiropoulos, Giulio Pergola, Dominique de Quervain, Antonio Rampino, Genevieve Richard, Jaroslav Rokicki, Anne-Marthe Sanders, Emanuel Schwarz, Olav B. Smeland, Vidar M. Steen, Jostein Starrfelt, Ida E. Sonderby, Kristine M. Ulrichsen, Ole A. Andreassen, Lars T. Westlye
Summary: This study utilized a novel methodology to perform genome-wide association analysis of ten key brain features, identifying genetic loci associated with phenotypic variability in thalamus volume and cortical thickness. The results contribute to establishing the genetic basis of phenotypic variance and provide new research avenues in the search for mechanisms controlling brain and mental health.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adria Pla-Casillanis, Laura Ferigle, Marta Alonso-Gardon, Efren Xicoy-Espaulella, Ekaitz Errasti-Murugarren, Daniela Marazziti, Raul Estevez
Summary: Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare white matter brain disorder caused by defects in MLC1 or glial cell adhesion molecule (GlialCAM) proteins. The exact function of MLC proteins and the mechanisms by which they regulate ion channels and transporters remain unclear. Recent research has found that interactions with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a significant role in the pathophysiology of MLC disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Rivas, Santiago Gutierrez-Gomez, Juliana Villanueva-Congote, Jose Libreros, Joan Albert Camprodon, Maria Trujillo
Summary: This study investigates the differences in brain structure between older patients with schizophrenia and dementia, and finds a correlation between cognitive performance and brain volumes. The results show that cognitive performance is worse in older schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls, and even worse in those with dementia. Additionally, structural differences in the hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus may be associated with the development of dementia in schizophrenic patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
America Vera-Montecinos, Jordi Galiano-Landeira, Monica Roldan, Francisco Vidal-Domenech, Enrique Claro, Belen Ramos
Summary: METTL7A is mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets, with limited cellular expression in the brain. Reduced protein levels of METTL7A have been found in schizophrenia. Our study shows that METTL7A is highly expressed in Bergmann glia and has contacts with Purkinje neurons. The localization of METTL7A may play a role in maintaining cerebellar homeostasis and modulating cerebellar circuits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eva Pettemeridou, Fofi Constantinidou
Summary: The study investigates the chronic effects of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on executive functions and self-awareness. The results show that TBI patients have smaller volume in certain brain regions, score lower on related measures, and have their quality of life influenced by these regions.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Fengmei Fan, Shuping Tan, Shibo Liu, Song Chen, Junchao Huang, Zhiren Wang, Fude Yang, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Yunlong Tan
Summary: This study found that patients with schizophrenia had higher levels of childhood trauma and perceived stress. Both childhood trauma and perceived stress were associated with smaller amygdala volumes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kuldeep Kumar, Claudia Modenato, Clara Moreau, Christopher R. K. Ching, Annabelle Harvey, Sandra Martin-Brevet, Guillaume Huguet, Martineau Jean-Louis, Elise Douard, Charles-Olivier Martin, Nadine Younis, Petra Tamer, Anne M. Maillard, Leila Kushan, Dmitry Isaev, Kathryn Alpert, Anjani Ragothaman, Jessica A. Turner, Lei Wang, Tiffany C. Ho, Lianne Schmaal, Ana I. Silva, Marianne B. M. van den Bree, David E. J. Linden, Michael J. Owen, Jeremy Hall, Sarah Lippe, Guillaume Dumas, Bogdan Draganski, Boris A. Gutman, Ida E. Sonderby, Ole A. Andreassen, Laura M. Schultz, Laura Almasy, David C. Glahn, Carrie E. Bearden, Paul M. Thompson, Sebastien Jacquemont
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between 11 CNVs and 6 NPDs, as well as their effects on subcortical brain structures. The results showed that different CNVs had varying effects on subcortical structures, with some CNVs associated with adult-onset conditions and others associated with ASD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lin Shen, Dongqiang Liu, Yan Huang
Summary: Schizophrenia involves both neurological and psychiatric abnormalities, with recent research suggesting impairment of low-level sensory processing early on in the disease, potentially due to damage to the subcortical magnocellular visual pathway. Moreover, abnormalities in the structure and function of key nuclei in subcortical visual pathways have been reported in schizophrenia patients. This evidence supports the hypothesis that dysfunction of the Superior Colliculus-Pulvinar-Amygdala subcortical visual pathway may play a role in the early stages of schizophrenia, with potential implications for early diagnosis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Susan F. Sonnenschein, Ashley C. Parr, Bart Larsen, Finnegan J. Calabro, William Foran, Shaun M. Eack, Beatriz Luna, Deepak K. Sarpal
Summary: This study used a proxy measure to examine brain iron in the basal ganglia and thalamic structures of individuals with chronic schizophrenia. The results showed iron accumulation in the thalamus, which may serve as a potential marker of illness. Age-related iron accumulation in the basal ganglia and prominent sex differences in the caudate and thalamus were also observed.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Maeri Yamamoto, Epifanio Bagarinao, Masanori Shimamoto, Tetsuya Iidaka, Norio Ozaki
Summary: The study identified significant alterations in brain connectivity in patients with schizophrenia, particularly affecting connections with the basal ganglia and high visual networks. Connector hubs in the cerebellum and subcortical regions play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, with FCOR potentially serving as a clinical biomarker for the disorder.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giana Izzo, Valentina Toto, Chiara Doneda, Cecilia Parazzini, Mariano Lanna, Gaetano Bulfamante, Andrea Righini
Summary: This study described the correlation between fetal imaging and neuropathology in two fetuses with isolated thick corpus callosum at early gestational age. The results showed a shorter and thicker corpus callosum with abnormal white matter tracts and embryological structure representations, potentially leading to callosal dysgenesis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenrui Huang, Anne Marie Bartosch, Harrison Xiao, Suvrajit Maji, Elliot H. H. Youth, Xena Flowers, Sandra Leskinen, Zeljko Tomljanovic, Gail Iodice, Deborah Boyett, Eleonora Spinazzi, Vilas Menon, Robert A. McGovern, Guy M. McKhann, Andrew F. Teich
Summary: Specific genes, particularly those related to microglial cells and non-microglial cells, correlate with early Alzheimer's disease pathology in cortical biopsies taken during shunt placement for Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus patients. Additionally, transcriptional analysis of human hydrocephalus biopsies identifies changes in immune response genes associated with early AD pathology, including cognitive decline.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryan K. Shahidehpour, Abraham S. Nelson, Lydia G. Sanders, Chloe R. Embry, Peter T. Nelson, Adam D. Bachstetter
Summary: A multiplex immunohistochemistry approach called QUIVER was developed to examine pathological alterations in the brains of the elderly. It allowed visualization of molecular microglia phenotypes and revealed the impact of amyloid plaques on microglia's cellular and molecular phenotypes in Alzheimer's disease.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naohiro Okada, Masaki Fukunaga, Kenichiro Miura, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Junya Matsumoto, Naoki Hashimoto, Masahiro Kiyota, Kentaro Morita, Daisuke Koshiyama, Kazutaka Ohi, Tsutomu Takahashi, Michihiko Koeda, Hidenaga Yamamori, Michiko Fujimoto, Yuka Yasuda, Naomi Hasegawa, Hisashi Narita, Satoshi Yokoyama, Ryo Mishima, Takahiko Kawashima, Yuko Kobayashi, Daiki Sasabayashi, Kenichiro Harada, Maeri Yamamoto, Yoji Hirano, Takashi Itahashi, Masahito Nakataki, Ryu-ichiro Hashimoto, Khin K. Tha, Shinsuke Koike, Toshio Matsubara, Go Okada, Theo G. M. van Erp, Neda Jahanshad, Reiji Yoshimura, Osamu Abe, Toshiaki Onitsuka, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Koji Matsuo, Hidenori Yamasue, Yasumasa Okamoto, Michio Suzuki, Jessica A. Turner, Paul M. Thompson, Norio Ozaki, Kiyoto Kasai, Ryota Hashimoto
Summary: This article discusses the difficulties in differential diagnosis in practical psychiatric settings and the prospect of creating a novel diagnostic system using objective biomarkers. Neuroimaging studies have shown that subcortical brain structures are associated with various psycho-behavioral functions, but there are currently no neuroimaging data-driven clinical criteria that can overcome the limitations of the current diagnostic system in reflecting cognitive/social functioning. The authors conducted a large-scale study and found volumetric and lateralization alterations in several psychiatric disorders, which were associated with cognitive/social functioning.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)