Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anna Lybeck, Hans Friberg, Niklas Nielsen, Malin Rundgren, Susann Ullen, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobias Cronberg, Erik Westhall
Summary: The study found that patients who developed electrographic status epilepticus (ESE) after cardiac arrest had higher levels of serum NfL at 72 hours post-arrest, suggesting increased secondary neuronal injury compared to matched patients without ESE. Associations with GFAP reflecting glial injury were less clear in this study. The design of the study could not exclude imperfect matching or other mechanisms contributing to the higher levels of biomarkers of brain injury seen in patients with ESE.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Adithya Sivaraju, Lawrence J. Hirsch
Summary: Status epilepticus is a serious medical condition with poor outcomes. There are several scores available to predict outcomes, but their utility in real-time clinical care is unclear. EEG findings are important for accurate prognostication. In the pediatric population, the only available scale is PEDSS.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Patrick Roynard, Ann Bilderback, Curtis Wells Dewey
Summary: Ketamine 5 mg/kg IV bolus may be successful in treating RSE in dogs, but its efficacy in handling CS is limited. The incidence of adverse effects is low, but timing of administration should be carefully considered.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Samuel Snider, Michael W. K. M. Fong, Neal Nolan, Andres Rodriguez Ruiz, Wei Wang, Suzette LaRoche, Lawrence Hirsch, Jong Lee
Summary: This study aimed to identify clinical diagnoses and rhythmic and periodic electroencephalogram patterns (RPPs) associated with status epilepticus (SE) and seizures. Factors independently associated with SE included cardiac arrest, clinical seizures before continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG), brain neoplasms, and specific EEG patterns. These findings are important for tailoring cEEG monitoring for critically ill patients.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael C. Jin, Jonathon J. Parker, Michael Zhang, Zack A. Medress, Casey H. Halpern, Gordon Li, John K. Ratliff, Gerald A. Grant, Robert S. Fisher, Stephen Skirboll
Summary: The occurrence of early and late PNSE was associated with specific neurosurgical pathologies and increased mortality. These findings provide a foundation for validating clinical and perioperative risk factors prospectively and help identify patients who require heightened diagnostic suspicion for PNSE.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pablo Bravo, Aparna Vaddiparti, Lawrence J. Hirsch
Summary: Most seizures in critically ill patients are nonconvulsive, often complicating conditions like brain infections, hemorrhages, global hypoxia, sepsis, and recent neurosurgery. Early recognition through continuous EEG monitoring is crucial to prevent adverse neurological outcomes from prolonged nonconvulsive seizures. Limited evidence exists on pharmacotherapy for nonconvulsive seizures and nonconvulsive status epilepticus, but prompt management with antiseizure medications can prevent refractoriness and further neurological injury.
Article
Oncology
Sophie von Brauchitsch, Adam Strzelczyk, Felix Rosenow, Elisabeth Neuhaus, Daniel Dubinski, Joachim P. Steinbach, Martin Voss
Summary: This study accurately analyzed the incidence of epileptic seizures at the end of life in brain tumor patients using clinical and electrophysiological findings. The results showed a higher occurrence of seizures and status epilepticus in neurooncological patients compared to previous reports.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tian Sang, Ying Wang, Ye Wu, Qiao Guan, ZhiXian Yang
Summary: This study investigated the neonatal electroencephalography background activity and electrographic seizures in patients in the pediatric intensive care unit. It found that more than one-third of patients experienced electrographic seizures, and abnormal EEG background activity was associated with unfavorable in-hospital outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Anesthesiology
I. Migdady, E. S. Rosenthal, H. R. Cock
Summary: Status epilepticus is a condition characterized by prolonged or repetitive seizures that can result in serious complications if left untreated. Early seizure control is crucial in preventing these complications, especially for convulsive status epilepticus. However, there is still debate regarding the goals and aggressiveness of therapy, particularly for non-convulsive status epilepticus.
Article
Neurosciences
Efrat Shavit-Stein, Shani Berkowitz, Tal Davidy, Uri Fennig, Shani Guly Gofrit, Amir Dori, Nicola Maggio
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of thrombin pathway inhibition in a mice model of SE and found that thrombin is involved in memory impairment and cognitive dysfunction. Inhibiting the thrombin pathway can prevent cognitive impairment and reduce neuronal damage.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Nelufar Yasmen, Madison N. N. Sluter, Lexiao Li, Ying Yu, Jianxiong Jiang
Summary: Status epilepticus (SE) is a condition characterized by prolonged convulsive seizures that are difficult to control. Current antiseizure drugs (ASDs) aim to quickly stop seizures to prevent brain inflammation, injury, and long-term consequences. However, relying solely on acute therapies may not always be possible. The inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) has shown neuroprotective effects and reduces inflammation in SE, suggesting it as a potential target for adjunctive treatment after SE.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Helene Fenter, Andrea O. Rossetti, Isabelle Beuchat
Summary: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a crucial tool in the ICU for detecting seizures, evaluating prognosis of comatose patients, and detecting delayed ischemia. Continuous EEG (cEEG) has been increasingly adopted, but the widespread recommendation for its use is still debated.
EUROPEAN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elena Merli, Michele Romoli, Simone Galluzzo, Lorenzo Bevacqua, Emanuele Saverio Cece, Gabriele Ricci, Stefania Testoni, Anna Zaniboni, Maria Maddalena Viola, Luigi Simonetti, Francesca Bisulli, Sara Contardi, Paolo Tinuper, Andrea Zini
Summary: This study demonstrated the accuracy of CTP in identifying non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), potentially serving as part of a pragmatic diagnostic workflow. CTP hyperperfusion showed a high negative predictive value for the diagnosis of NCSE, with further validation studies needed to evaluate its real-world application in NCSE cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Konrad Rejdak, Agata Pikulicka, Malgorzata Piekarska, Katarzyna Pacek, Kamila Plachta
Summary: Status epilepticus is a severe neurological disease characterized by prolonged seizures and loss of consciousness. Inflammation, particularly in cases of new onset refractory status epilepticus, has been identified as a potential cause. Research suggests that drugs with anti-inflammatory properties may be effective in treating status epilepticus, with promising results in new-onset refractory cases.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shahriar Zehtabchi, Robert Silbergleit, James M. Chamberlain, Shlomo Shinnar, Jordan J. Elm, Ellen Underwood, Eric S. Rosenthal, Thomas P. Bleck, Jaideep Kapur
Summary: This study analyzed the frequency and timing of early EEG in patients with status epilepticus, finding that 58% of patients underwent EEG within 24 hours and the prevalence of electrographic seizures was 14%. A significant portion (38%) of patients with electrographic seizures had no clinical correlate on video EEG recordings. These findings support the importance of early initiation of EEG in patients with status epilepticus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anatoly Korotkov, Mark J. Luinenburg, Alessia Romagnolo, Till S. Zimmer, Jackelien van Scheppingen, Anika Bongaarts, Diede W. M. Broekaart, Jasper J. Anink, Caroline Mijnsbergen, Floor E. Jansen, Wim van Hecke, Wim G. Spliet, Peter C. van Rijen, Martha Feucht, Johannes A. Hainfellner, Pavel Krsek, Josef Zamecnik, Peter B. Crino, Katarzyna Kotulska, Lieven Lagae, Anna C. Jansen, David J. Kwiatkowski, Sergiusz Jozwiak, Paolo Curatolo, Angelika Muhlebner, Erwin A. van Vliet, James D. Mills, Eleonora Aronica
Summary: This study found that the expression of Contactin-3 is lower in cortical tubers of TSC patients compared to controls. This may contribute to the neuropsychiatric co-morbidities observed in TSC patients.
JOURNAL OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Erwin A. van Vliet, Nicola Marchi
Summary: The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a complex network involving different cells in the brain, including specialized brain endothelium, glial and mural cells, and neurons. Research suggests that dysfunction of the NVU is a common mechanism underlying late-onset seizures or epilepsy, neurological and neurodegenerative disorders associated with aging. Further studies also indicate that seizure activity may contribute to brain aging by causing regional NVU dysfunction, while cerebrovascular pathology may be linked to comorbidities. Diagnostic approaches tailored to seizure conditions in the elderly and disease-modifying strategies focusing on NVU restoration and control of inflammation are being explored. However, there are still knowledge gaps and clinical challenges in understanding seizure onset and conditions in an aging population.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cato M. Drion, Lieneke Kooijman, Derek Chan, Janna Berkhout, Erwin A. van Vliet, Wytse J. Wadman, Jan A. Gorter
Summary: The study found that curcumin can delay the development of epilepsy, but cannot prevent full kindling. The effects of curcumin on neuropathology were not significant, highlighting the need for further research into its potential as an anti-epileptic agent.
Article
Cell Biology
Frances S. Cho, Ilia D. Vainchtein, Yuliya Voskobiynyk, Allison R. Morningstar, Francisco Aparicio, Bryan Higashikubo, Agnieszka Ciesielska, Diede W. M. Broekaart, Jasper J. Anink, Erwin A. van Vliet, Xinzhu Yu, Baljit S. Khakh, Eleonora Aronica, Anna Molofsky, Jeanne T. Paz
Summary: Inflammatory processes induced by brain injury are important for recovery, but uncontrolled inflammation can be harmful. Chronic activation of glial cells in the thalamus has been suggested as an indicator of increased seizure risk and cognitive deficits after cortical injury. This study found that thalamic inflammation was sufficient to cause cellular and circuit hyperexcitability, enhanced seizure risk, and disruptions in cortical rhythms. Down-regulation of GAT-3 in thalamic astrocytes mediated this neurological dysfunction.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mirte Scheper, Alessia Romagnolo, Zein Mersini Besharat, Anand M. Iyer, Romina Moavero, Christoph Hertzberg, Bernhard Weschke, Kate Riney, Martha Feucht, Theresa Scholl, Borivoj Petrak, Alice Maulisova, Rima Nabbout, Anna C. Jansen, Floor E. Jansen, Lieven Lagae, Malgorzata Urbanska, Elisabetta Ferretti, Aleksandra Tempes, Magdalena Blazejczyk, Jacek Jaworski, David J. Kwiatkowski, Sergiusz Jozwiak, Katarzyna Kotulska, Krzysztof Sadowski, Julita Borkowska, Paolo Curatolo, James D. Mills, Eleonora Aronica
Summary: This study used RNA sequencing analysis to define the expression patterns of miRNAs and isomiRs in the serum of patients with TSC, and identified potential circulating molecular biomarkers using ROC curve analysis to discriminate the development of neuropsychiatric comorbidity in TSC patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dominique Frances Leitner, Sasha Devore, Juliana Laze, Daniel Friedman, James D. Mills, Yan Liu, Michael Janitz, Jasper J. Anink, Johannes C. Baayen, Sander Idema, Erwin Alexander van Vliet, Beate Diehl, Catherine Scott, Roland Thijs, Maromi Nei, Manor Askenazi, Shobi Sivathamboo, Terence O'Brien, Thomas Wisniewski, Maria Thom, Eleonora Aronica, Maura Boldrini, Orrin Devinsky
Summary: This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of prolonged postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression (PGES) in patients with epilepsy. It was found that higher hippocampal 5HT2A receptor protein and potassium channel transcripts may be associated with PGES. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of PGES and SUDEP risk.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jody M. de Jong, Diede W. M. Broekaart, Anika Bongaarts, Angelika Muhlebner, James D. Mills, Erwin A. van Vliet, Eleonora Aronica
Summary: Seizures are a common symptom of brain tumors, especially in paediatric-type tumors. The extracellular matrix plays a role in epileptogenesis and tumorigenesis. Understanding the epileptogenic properties of brain tumors is crucial for improving health outcomes and developing novel therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diede W. M. Broekaart, Till S. Zimmer, Sophie T. Cohen, Rianne Tessers, Jasper J. Anink, Helga E. de Vries, Jan A. Gorter, Roger Prades, Eleonora Aronica, Erwin A. van Vliet
Summary: The gelatinase inhibitor ACT-03 has shown disease-modifying effects in epilepsy models by reducing neuroinflammation and preserving blood-brain barrier integrity. Further evaluation of its effects in clinical trials is warranted.
Article
Biology
Gabriele Ruffolo, Alessandro Gaeta, Beatrice Cannata, Camilla Pinzaglia, Eleonora Aronica, Alessandra Morano, Pierangelo Cifelli, Eleonora Palma
Summary: The potential use of phytocannabinoids (pCBs), specifically cannabidiol (CBD), to treat pathological conditions has gained attention in the scientific community. CBD has shown the ability to modulate GABAergic neurotransmission and may be effective in treating pharmaco-resistant epilepsy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mette Heiskanen, Shalini Das Gupta, James D. Mills, Erwin A. van Vliet, Eppu Manninen, Robert Ciszek, Pedro Andrade, Noora Puhakka, Eleonora Aronica, Asla Pitkanen
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is responsible for a significant percentage of structural and all epilepsies, but there is currently a lack of prognostic biomarkers for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). This study investigated the potential of plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for brain damage severity and the development of PTE. The results showed that acutely altered plasma miRNA levels could reflect the extent of cortical injury, but they were not able to predict PTE development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tessa N. A. Slagboom, Dirk Jan Stenvers, Elsmarieke van de Giessen, Stefan D. D. Roosendaal, Maartje M. L. de Win, Joseph C. J. Bot, Eleonora Aronica, Rene Post, Jantien Hoogmoed, Madeleine L. L. Drent, Alberto M. M. Pereira
Summary: The study provides a structured analysis of the diagnostic accuracy and clinical use of molecular imaging in patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, as well as the role of multidisciplinary counseling in decision making. It proposes a complementary diagnostic algorithm for both de novo and recurrent or persistent Cushing's disease. The use of molecular imaging modalities is of added and complementary value in the detection of pituitary microadenoma in ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Valentina La Cognata, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Grazia Maugeri, Giovanna Morello, Maria Guarnaccia, Benedetta Magri, Eleonora Aronica, Velia D'Agata, Sebastiano Cavallaro
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by motor neuron (MN) depletion. CXCR2 has been implicated in ALS pathology and its expression is increased in cortical neurons of sporadic ALS patients. Inhibition of CXCR2 prevents MN degeneration in vitro and improves neuromuscular function in SOD1-G93A mice.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Damien S. Fleur, Max Marshall, Miguel Pieters, Natasa Brouwer, Gerrit Oomens, Angelos Konstantinidis, Koos Winnips, Sylvia Moes, Wouter van den Bos, Bert Bredeweg, Erwin A. van Vliet
Summary: Personalized peer-comparison feedback can be used to improve self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Providing meaningful feedback and peer comparison through a learning analytics dashboard offers a solution.
JOURNAL OF LEARNING ANALYTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erwin A. van Vliet, Riikka Immonen, Ofer Prager, Alon Friedman, Jens P. Bankstahl, David K. Wright, Terence J. O'Brien, Heidrun Potschka, Olli Grohn, Neil G. Harris
Summary: This article discusses the common data elements (CDEs) for neuroimaging data collected in rodent models of epilepsy, specifically focusing on adult rats and mice. Detailed CDE tables and case report forms (CRFs) are provided, along with a companion manuscript discussing the methodologies and parameters for several imaging modalities.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erwin A. van Vliet, Michael S. Hildebrand, James D. Mills, Gary P. Brennan, Tore Eid, Susan A. Masino, Vicky Whittemore, Laura Bindila, Kevin K. Wang, Manisha Patel, Piero Perucca, Christopher A. Reid
Summary: The TASK3 working groups aims to create common data elements (CDEs) for various preclinical epilepsy research disciplines, with a focus on genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics in rodent models. They have generated CDE tables and case report forms (CRFs) containing essential study protocol contents for these research areas, aiming to improve standardization of experimental designs. This is the first of a two-part series on omics papers, with the second part covering proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics in adult rodents.