Review
Oncology
Taylor Feehley, Charles W. O'Donnell, John Mendlein, Mahesh Karande, Thomas McCauley
Summary: Recently, there has been significant progress in modulating the epigenome with the development of a new generation of therapies that target specific DNA loci with high precision. These therapies overcome the limitations of previous approaches and hold great promise for future therapeutic applications.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Imran Ansari, Animesh Chaturvedi, Deepak Chitkara, Saurabh Singh
Summary: The understanding of the relationship between epigenetic alterations and gene expression have opened up new therapeutic pathways for treating various diseases, including cancer. CRISPR/Cas and other genome editing technologies have shown potential in epigenome editing. This review outlines the epigenetic therapeutic approach using CRISPR/Cas for cancer therapy.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Urszula Oleksiewicz, Marta Machnik
Summary: Somatic mutations, transcriptional deregulation, external stimulation, and physiological aging can all contribute to the perturbed epigenomic signature in cancer. These changes are associated with a cell of origin, tumor stage, and differentiation, displaying high heterogeneity.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Adip G. Bhargav, Joseph S. Domino, Anthony M. Alvarado, Chad A. Tuchek, David Akhavan, Paul J. Camarata
Summary: Gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors in adults, have a poor prognosis. Current standard treatment involves surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Although efforts to find effective therapies have been made, curative treatments remain elusive. Recent advances in computational techniques and translational paradigms have allowed for real-time, patient-specific diagnostics, characterization of glioma-brain network dynamics, and modeling of disease processes. These methodologies have the potential to guide treatment selection, surgical planning, and investigation into mechanisms of therapy resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danielle Kamato, Iqra Ilyas, Suowen Xu, Peter J. Little
Summary: Cardiovascular disease, primarily caused by atherosclerosis, is the leading cause of disease-related mortality worldwide. Current therapeutic agents have limited efficacy in lowering plasma lipid levels and reducing deaths from cardiovascular disease. Suitable animal models that accurately reproduce human atherosclerosis are essential for pre-clinical research on novel cardiovascular drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Wubin Ding, Diljeet Kaur, Steve Horvath, Wanding Zhou
Summary: Researchers have developed informatics infrastructure and methods for DNA methylation analysis in multiple species, including domesticated animals and laboratory mice. They have created a data-driven analysis pipeline for species inference, genome-specific data preprocessing, and regression modeling. Comparative analysis has revealed the dynamics of epigenome evolution in different genomic territories and tissue types, and specific methylation differences related to mouse strain phenotypes have been identified. These methods expand epigenome research to a wide range of species by streamlining DNA methylation array analysis for undesigned genomes.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Madhumitha Kedhari Sundaram, R. Preetha, Shafiul Haque, Naseem Akhter, Saif Khan, Saheem Ahmad, Arif Hussain
Summary: Cell cycle, growth, survival and metabolism are tightly regulated together, and failure in cellular regulation leads to carcinogenesis. Epigenetic alterations play an important role in cancer onset and development, and isothiocyanates (ITCs) derived from cruciferous vegetables have been proven to have anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory effects against various cancers. ITCs also modulate signaling pathways and epigenetic machinery to regulate cancer development, offering potential therapeutic targets.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
I. Anestopoulos, S. Kyriakou, V. Tragkola, I. Paraskevaidis, E. Tzika, M. Mitsiogianni, M. V. Deligiorgi, G. Petrakis, D. T. Trafalis, S. Botaitis, A. Giatromanolaki, M. I. Koukourakis, R. Franco, A. Pappa, M. I. Panayiotidis
Summary: This review article discusses current therapeutic options in melanoma treatment, focusing on distinct epigenetic alterations and how specific drug compounds can reverse these changes. Abnormal epigenetic mechanisms have been found to be associated with the onset, progression, and drug resistance of melanoma.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Aiendrila Roy, Swati Shree Padhi, Ibakordor Khyriem, Saket Nikose, S. H. Harsha Sankar, Ruthrotha Selvi Bharathavikru
Summary: This article summarizes recent research on methylation dynamics and how it is reset during differentiation and de-differentiation. Methylation plays a crucial role in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, and regulates cellular stress pathways in immune responses such as inflammation and cancer stem cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Alem, Xinrui Yang, Francisca Beato, Bhaswati Sarcar, Alexandra F. Tassielli, Ruifan Dai, Tara L. Hogenson, Margaret A. Park, Kun Jiang, Jianfeng Cai, Yu Yuan, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Aik Choon Tan, Jason B. Fleming, Hao Xie
Summary: Targeting mutant KRAS (mKRAS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and other malignancies has been challenging. Recent efforts have focused on developing inhibitors blocking molecules essential for KRAS activity, with SOS1 inhibition emerging as an attractive approach for mKRAS CRC. In this study, CRC patient-derived organoids (PDOs) were used to evaluate the sensitivity to SOS1 inhibitor BI3406, and potential predictive markers and resistance mechanisms were identified.
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Jin, Ming Zhao, Qianjin Lu
Summary: Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a highly heterogeneous disease that occurs when a genetically susceptible individual encounters specific environmental triggers. Epigenetics plays a crucial role in understanding the interactions between genetics and environment, which could contribute to precision prevention and treatment of lupus by comprehensively exploring the hidden mysteries behind the genome, epigenome, and exposome.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Quancan Hou, Xiangyuan Wan
Summary: Crop breeding faces challenges due to increasing food demand, but recent studies show that epigenetic and epitranscriptomic diversity can provide additional resources for breeding. By harnessing these through biotechnologies, there is potential for significant crop improvement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Guglielmo Bove, Sajid Amin, Mehrad Babaei, Rosaria Benedetti, Angela Nebbioso, Lucia Altucci, Nunzio Del Gaudio
Summary: Chromatin has a flexible structure that allows for precise gene expression regulation. Epigenetic modifications and modifications on RNA and histone substrates play important roles in governing cellular functions and contribute to cancer development. The interplay between genetic mutations and reversible epigenetic alterations has been of great interest. The modification of the RNA code, such as m(6)A, affects the stability, metabolism, and life cycle of various mRNAs, including those associated with cancer. Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic pathways collectively control cellular expression profile and cell fate. The crosstalk between these two pathways has recently been revealed, uncovering previously unknown interactions. Dysregulation of this network has been implicated in cancer, adding a new layer of complexity to gene expression. This article summarizes the current understanding of the interplay between m(6)A epitranscriptome and epigenome, with a focus on cancer processes. Strategies to target the m(6)A machinery for future therapeutic intervention are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bo Ren, Jinshou Yang, Chengcheng Wang, Gang Yang, Huanyu Wang, Yuan Chen, Ruiyuan Xu, Xuning Fan, Lei You, Taiping Zhang, Yupei Zhao
Summary: The study found that in metastatic pancreatic cancer cells, A/B compartments, contact domains, and chromatin loops changed significantly, associated with epigenetic state alterations. Upregulated genes in metastatic pancreatic cancer cells were related to cancer metastasis and poor prognosis. Transcription factors in specific enhancer-promoter loop formation were also associated with metastasis.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William A. Pastor, Sin Young Kwon
Summary: The placenta has a unique methylome compared to somatic cell types, featuring low DNA methylation, partially methylated domains, and methylation of CpG islands important in somatic development. Similar phenomena are observed in human cancers, suggesting similarities between placental epigenome formation and cancer. The placenta also has an expanded set of imprinted genes formed through distinctive developmental pathways. Recent discoveries shed light on how the unusual placental epigenetic state may arise, but key questions remain unresolved.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
