Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minji Kim, Hyunbum Kim, Young-sun Lee, Sangjun Lee, Seong-Eun Kim, Uk-Jae Lee, Sungwon Jung, Chung-Gyu Park, Jinkee Hong, Junsang Doh, Dong Yun Lee, Byung-Gee Kim, Nathaniel S. Hwang
Summary: This study demonstrates a multilayer hydrogel nanofilm caging strategy to protect pancreatic beta cells from physical stress and reduce immune response. By forming a nanothin hydrogel film on the cell surface, the cytoprotective and immune protective effects were evaluated, showing successful regulation of blood glucose levels in a type 1 diabetes mouse model. Overall, this enzymatic cross-linking-based hydrogel nanofilm caging method provides a new platform for clinical applications of cell-based therapies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Peilong Sun, Weijun Sun, Zhengxun Wei, Sihong Wu, Ning Xiang
Summary: Particle-stabilized emulsions, such as soy protein nanoparticles (SPNPs), have great potential in food applications and can provide better stability compared to soy protein isolate (SPI). SPNPs, prepared by an enzymatic cross-linking method, showed a particle size ranging from 10 nm to 40 nm. The emulsion stabilized by SPNPs exhibited improved stability, with no creaming or phase separation observed for at least 20 days at room temperature. Additionally, SPNPs demonstrated higher antioxidant and reducing effects compared to SPI. The use of microbial transglutaminase (mTG) induced cross-linking enhanced the stability of SPNPs.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Naaznee Mohan, John J. Mellem
Summary: This study investigated the structural and physicochemical characteristics of porous starches prepared using different methods. The results suggest that these porous starches may have potential applications in delivery systems, improving drug solubility, and dye adsorption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Woojeong Kim, Yong Wang, Qianyu Ye, Yin Yao, Cordelia Selomulya
Summary: Enhancing the functionality of commercial plant proteins is crucial for their food application. This study proposes a novel approach to modify the structure of pea protein by cross-linking it with whey protein using microbial transglutaminase, leading to improved emulsifying and encapsulation properties. The modified protein structures, as well as the stability of beta-carotene-loaded emulsions, were investigated based on protein ratio and cross-linking. The cross-linked pea/whey protein complexes at a protein ratio of 2:1 exhibited excellent stability with no phase separation during 30 days of storage and high encapsulation efficiency of 92%. These findings offer a promising strategy to design plant/dairy protein networks for protecting lipophilic bioactive compounds by partially replacing dairy protein with plant protein, thus promoting the shift towards plant-based diets.
FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sajjad Naeimipour, Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni, Robert Selegard, Daniel Aili
Summary: This study presents an enzyme-mediated thiol-based chemistry for the synthesis of carbohydrate-based hydrogels. The method allows for reversible cross-linking and tunable stiffness of the hydrogels by releasing protected thiols through enzymatic reactions. It also enables handling and encapsulation of cells under ambient conditions.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jing Guo, Xuedong Shu, Huan Deng, Junwei Zhang, Yao Wang, Guolong Meng, Jing He, Fang Wu
Summary: This study integrates double network cross-linking with enzymatic mineralization to synthesize stiff and tough hydrogels. The synergistic effect of ionic cross-linking and enzymatic mineralization enhances the compressive and tensile stiffness of the hydrogels, as well as the toughness, swelling stability, and cellular response. The mineralized hydrogel cross-linked with Sr2+ shows the highest compressive Young's modulus and exhibits improved cell proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation. This research provides an effective approach for preparing hydrogels with osteogenesis and demonstrates their potential in bone tissue engineering applications.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer M. Armen, Nathan R. Schueller, Ketki Y. Velankar, Nevil Abraham, Rachelle N. Palchesko, Yong Fan, Wilson S. Meng, Ellen S. Gawalt
Summary: EAK is a self-assembling peptide that forms beta-sheets and beta-fibrils through ionic-complementary interactions. By utilizing a cross-linker, pre-assembled EAK fibrils can remain injectable, serving as a platform for delivering particles and cells. The cross-linked EAK shows promising results for potential applications in drug delivery and cellular scaffolding in vivo.
MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingsi Li, Xiaohan Sun, Jiajia Dai, Jianmin Yang, Liang Li, Zibo Zhang, Jiadong Guo, Shumeng Bai, Yunquan Zheng, Xianai Shi
Summary: A multifunctional hybrid sponge dressing with good wet adhesion was developed by combining biomimetic and enzymatic cross-linking reactions. The dressing exhibited high mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, ROS scavenging, biocompatibility, and excellent hemostasis ability. In vivo studies showed that it could significantly accelerate the healing of infected full-thickness burn wounds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Sommer, Paulina Dederko-Kantowicz, Hanna Staroszczyk, Slawomir Sommer, Marek Michalec
Summary: This study compares the properties of bacterial cellulose/fish collagen composites (BC/Col) after enzymatic and chemical cross-linking, revealing that enzymatic cross-linking can enhance thermal stability and crystallinity of the material, while oxBC/Col resulting from chemical cross-linking shows lower thermal stability and crystallinity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei-Hua Han, Qing-Yu Wang, Yuan-Yi Kang, Li-Rui Shi, Yu Long, Xin Zhou, Chun-Cheng Hao
Summary: This review comprehensively discusses the cross-linking electrospinning system for the first time, including cross-linking strategies, cross-linking mechanisms, and applications of cross-linked electrospun nanofibers. The significance of cross-linking electrospinning and the challenges in constructing this system are also highlighted.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dongyang Zhang, Luping Liu, Shuaijiang Jin, Ember Tota, Zijie Li, Xijun Piao, Xuan Zhang, Xiang-Dong Fu, Neal K. Devaraj
Summary: In this study, we developed a RNA-CLAMP technique that allows site-specific and enzymatic cross-linking of two selected guanine residues within an RNA. The clamping disrupts RNA function, but can be restored by photocleavage of the cross-linker. We successfully clamped two stem loops within the sgRNA of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system, completely inhibiting gene editing. Visible light irradiation cleaved the cross-linker and restored gene editing with high spatiotemporal resolution.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Katarzyna Czyzewska, Anna Trusek
Summary: The study involves obtaining and characterising a two-enzymatic one-pot bioreactor for producing unsweet, lactose-free milk using encapsulated glucose oxidase and catalase. The operational conditions, such as pH and aeration, were selected to address discrepancies in literature reports. The experiments were carried out at 12 degrees Celsius, corresponding to milk storage and transportation temperature.
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ziyuan Li, Fuping Lu, Yihan Liu
Summary: This review discusses the preparation methods of hydrogels and their wide applications in biology, tissue engineering, and biomedical fields. However, the existing physical and chemical methods have limitations such as low bioaffinity, weak mechanical properties, and unstable structures. The enzymatic cross-linking method, on the other hand, offers advantages such as high catalytic efficiency, mild reaction conditions, and non-toxic substances. This review also introduces the applications and properties of hydrogels prepared by enzymatic methods and provides suggestions for the future development of enzymatic cross-linking in hydrogel preparation.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yanli Zhao, Shiqi Xue, Xinyue Zhang, Tiehua Zhang, Xue Shen
Summary: The combination of HUS and TGase-mediated cross-linking delays gelation onset, increases gel firmness, improves elasticity and viscosity, enhances water-holding capacity, decreases swelling ratio, and increases gel hardness, cohesiveness, resilience, and chewiness in WPISA-stabilized emulsion gels.
Article
Physiology
Michael Fagiola, Sandra Reznik, Muhammad Riaz, Yibing Qyang, Seoyeon Lee, Joseph Avella, Gerard Turino, Jerome Cantor
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between airspace size and elastin-specific cross links in normal and emphysematous human lungs. It was found that there was a positive correlation between elastin degradation and alveolar diameter, indicating that airspace enlargement in pulmonary emphysema is an emergent phenomenon.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thore Bach Thomsen, Tobias S. Radmer, Anne S. Meyer
Summary: Plastic pollution, particularly from PET, is a significant environmental challenge. This study investigates the enzyme kinetics of PET degradation and finds that the degree of crystallinity (X-C) has a substantial impact on the enzymatic reaction rate. The mobile amorphous fraction (X-MAF) is a better descriptor for the rate of enzymatic degradation. The longer lag phase observed with increased X-C is proposed to be due to increased substrate entanglement density and unproductive enzyme binding to the crystalline regions of PET.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Purna Bahadur Poudel, Dipesh Dhakal, Jong Cheol Lee, Jae Kyung Sohng
Summary: Methylation plays important roles in various biological processes, and this study characterized the function of ThnM3 in regioselective modifications of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Feng Song, Ivan Birukou, Mark Bednarcik, Scott Young
Summary: In this study, a highly sensitive and specific method using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was developed to measure the enzymatic activity of APH4 in plants. The method exhibited good precision and accuracy, and was validated for use with samples from different sources.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuan Rao, Wei Zhuang, Jinle Liu, Ting Tang, Zhi Wang, Hanjie Ying
Summary: This study describes a mild and versatile strategy to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOD) on carboxyl-activated metal-organic framework (MOF) through DNA-directed immobilization technology. The immobilized GOD showed enhanced stability and catalytic activity, making it a potential candidate for applications in biocatalysis and biotechnology.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Julen Ordenana Manso, Martin B. Nielsen, Eva Balaguer Moya, Juliana P. Sandri, Celina K. Yamakawa, Solange I. Mussatto
Summary: This study focuses on the development of an enzymatic cocktail for the conversion of corn fiber into monosaccharides. The results reveal that the recalcitrance and unique chemical composition of corn fiber require a tailored enzymatic cocktail for degradation, and attention should also be given to the pretreatment step.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cuixia Zhou, Guangcheng Yang, Panpan Meng, Weishuai Qin, Yanyan Li, Zhenxian Lin, Wei Hui, Huitu Zhang, Fuping Lu
Summary: Bacillus licheniformis 2709 is an important industrial producer of alkaline protease (AprE), and this study identified the UP elements of the aprE gene and demonstrated the lack of significant effect of CggR, FruR, and YhcZ transcription factors on aprE expression. Enhanced aprE expression and enzyme activity were achieved by deleting a negative regulatory factor binding site in the genome. These findings provide valuable insights into the high-level production of proteins in other Bacillus species.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xinqi Xu, Tianheng Chen, Lian Xu, Juan Lin
Summary: In this study, laccase was immobilized on modified magnetic nanoparticles, improving the enzyme's thermostability and efficiency for polymerization of phenols.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Handan Ustukarci, Gul Ozyilmaz, Ali Tuncay Ozyilmaz
Summary: A biofilm layer called biofouling is formed over time by organic molecules and microorganisms on solid surfaces immersed in a liquid medium. This study focused on the antifouling performance of polyaniline (PANI) and investigated the immobilization of hydrolytic enzymes in PANI coatings. The results showed that the alpha-amylase-containing film exhibited the highest antifouling activity. Surface properties and biofilm composition were analyzed to support these findings.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mariana Ortiz-Sanchez, Juan Camilo Solarte-Toro, Pablo Jose Inocencio-Garcia, Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate
Summary: This study evaluated the sustainability of biorefineries using orange peel as a raw material. By applying the concept of biorefineries and experimental data, it was found that steam distillation and polyphenolic compound extraction can improve the process performance, resulting in higher yields of different products. The integrated utilization of orange peel in biorefineries showed a high sustainability index.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
