Article
Environmental Sciences
Lisheng Wang, Wancong Gu, Yanchen Liu, Peng Liang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xia Huang
Summary: This paper summarizes the challenges and solutions of mainstream anammox-based process by reviewing the literature of the past decade. The slow growth rate of anammox bacteria and the need for enhancing bacteria retention are identified as the main challenges. Various methods to culture anammox bacteria and improve their activity are discussed. Other challenges include the elimination of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and achieving the ideal ratio of NH4+ and NO2-. To overcome these challenges, composite control strategies based on low sludge retention time (SRT) and limited aeration are suggested. Interference from low temperature and influent components in actual wastewater treatment is addressed, as well as the use of coupling processes to reduce nitrate concentration in the effluent. The paper concludes with future prospects for the mainstream anammox-based process.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yunzhi Qian, Yanmei Ding, Huaji Ma, Yongzhi Chi, Hongying Yuan, Yu-You Li, Sufeng Tian, Bowen Zhang
Summary: A novel internal circulation contact oxidation membrane bioreactor (ICCOMBR) was constructed to investigate a three steps startup strategy of single-stage partial nitritation-anammox (SPNA) system. The SPNA system achieved stable nitrite accumulation rate and high total nitrogen removal efficiencies.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Virender Singh, Banu Ormeci, Saurabh Mishra, Abid Hussain
Summary: Nitrogen removal is a crucial aspect of wastewater treatment. Traditional biological nitrogen removal processes are effective but costly. The integration of ANAMMOX bacteria with shortcut nitrogen removal processes has provided a sustainable solution, although practical limitations remain. The SNAD process, which involves a synergistic relationship among AOB, ANAMMOX, and denitrifiers, offers a promising alternative with high nitrogen removal efficiency. This review examines the recent developments in the SNAD process, including critical process parameters and different reactor configurations, and provides guidance for future engineering applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Weiqiang Zhu, Michiel Van Tendeloo, Abbas Alloul, S. E. Vlaeminck
Summary: The strong effect of low temperatures on anammox limits its use in temperate climates during winter. Winter bioaugmentation with stored summer surplus sludge is a potential solution to ensure sufficient nitrogen removal. The study found that the deteriorated nitrogen removal in systems due to temperature decrease could be fully restored by bioaugmentation with stored granules or flocs. Additionally, the reactivation of stored sludges in lower temperature systems resulted in partial activity restoration and the formation of a more specialized bacterial community.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Michiel Van Tendeloo, Yankai Xie, Wannes Van Beeck, Weiqiang Zhu, Sarah Lebeer, Siegfried E. Vlaeminck
Summary: Selective suppression of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was achieved in a biofilm-based system through oxygen control and recurrent exposure to free ammonia (FA), offering potential for resource efficient nitrogen removal.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianning Ding, Hui Gong, Shunyu Wang, You Xu, Enhui Xu, Dianhai Yang, Guowei Gu, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: The proposed PN-MF-A process showed higher TNRR and more stable operation compared to the C-PN-A process. It effectively prevented microbial transfer from the nitritation stage to the anammox stage, reducing inhibitory effects on anammox activity in treating reject water.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Myeonghwa Park, Jeongmi Kim, Teaho Lee, You-Kwan Oh, Van Khanh Nguyen, Sunja Cho
Summary: The study found that high salinity inhibits Anammox microbial activity, but high nitrogen removal efficiency can still be achieved at 2% salinity. In high salinity environments, the abundance of Anammox bacteria increases, replacing heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ruitao Gao, Yongzhen Peng, Jianwei Li, Qiong Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liyan Deng, Wenyu Li, Chengkun Kao
Summary: The study confirmed that the PN/A-PD/A process with partial anammox, spatially coupled with partial nitrification and partial denitrification via oxic/anoxic distribution with step feed mode, is an alternative for application of mainstream anammox in municipal wastewater treatment. The process achieved stable nitrogen loss, improved anammox activity, and increased abundance on the biocarriers.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rongrong Cui, Hui Gong, You Xu, Enhui Xu, Dianhai Yang, Guowei Gu, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: This study investigated the performance of a one-stage partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) system for the treatment of reject water from high-solid-sludge anaerobic digestion. The study found that the presence of biodegradable organic matter exerted a greater inhibition effect on the system compared to the non-biodegradable fraction. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the use of a two-stage PN/A system had greater advantages in treating reject water compared to a one-stage system.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Dong Li, Hao Chen, Xin Gao, Jie Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a new PN/A/PN/A process to address the challenge of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in treating low-strength ammonia wastewater. The influence of nitrite concentration on ammonia removal efficiency and nitrite accumulation rate is analyzed using a model. The study provides optimal parameters for the PN/A/PN/A process and achieves advanced nitrogen removal by controlling the nitrite concentration below a certain threshold.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yan Feng, Shuying Wang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: This study used a novel continuous push-flow anaerobic-oxic-anoxic-oxic (AOAO) process to rapidly restore nitrogen elimination performance under deteriorated partial nitrification. The study also found that endogenous partial denitrification coupled with anammox in the anoxic zone is crucial for maintaining stable nitrogen removal.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shelesh Agrawal, David G. Weissbrodt, Medini Annavajhala, Marlene Mark Jensen, Jose Maria Carvajal Arroyo, George Wells, Kartik Chandran, Siegfried E. Vlaeminck, Akihiko Terada, Barth F. Smets, Susanne Lackner
Summary: A baseline investigation of qPCR-based analysis for microbial communities in PN/A systems revealed significant variability in DNA extraction and primer efficiency among different laboratories, as well as varying differences in abundance data for different microbial guilds. These insights will provide guidance for interpreting qPCR data for environmental scientists, engineers, and treatment plant operators.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yafang Zhang, Jinlong Wang, Shaokang Peng, Daotong Zhao, Lei Miao
Summary: In this study, an integrated algal/partial nitrification/anammox biofilm system (IAPNABS) was constructed through light cultivation, and the main microbial species and nitrogen metabolic processes in different biofilm layers were determined using metagenomic analysis. The results showed that the system had efficient nitrogen removal capacity and did not require additional oxygen supply.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Feng, Lei Wu, Qiong Zhang, Xiyao Li, Shuying Wang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: In this study, enhancement of the anammox process and enrichment of anammox bacteria were successfully achieved through the operation of an alternating bioreactor. Furthermore, quantification of the anammox contribution in nitrogen removal provided further insights into the importance of this process.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pascal Ochs, Benjamin D. Martin, Eve Germain, Zhuoying Wu, Po-Heng Lee, Tom Stephenson, Mark van Loosdrecht, Ana Soares
Summary: This study aimed to optimize the operation and evaluate the performance of a full-scale S-CSTR with a hydrocyclone for AMX biomass separation. Results showed high nitrogen removal efficiency under different nitrogen loading rates, and the importance of SRT in NOB washout. The study also demonstrated the role of the hydrocyclone in maintaining AMX and process stability.
