Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiang Wang, Daizhi An, Zhengquan Yuan, Rubao Sun, Wei Lu, Lili Wang
Summary: Indoor particle release from toner printing equipment is a significant health concern. This study investigated the emissions of particles, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and ozone from the equipment. The results showed that particles and VOCs were discharged, and their concentrations remained high. Nanoparticles were positively correlated with VOCs and inversely proportional to ozone concentration.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miaomiao Zhai, Ye Kuang, Li Liu, Yao He, Biao Luo, Wanyun Xu, Jiangchuan Tao, Yu Zou, Fei Li, Changqin Yin, Chunhui Li, Hanbing Xu, Xuejiao Deng
Summary: Emission controls have reduced aerosol pollution in China, but aerosol mass reductions have slowed down in recent years in the Pearl River Delta region due to the challenge of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. This study investigated the role of SOA in haze formation in urban Guangzhou, finding that organic aerosols dominantly contributed to aerosol mass and SOA contributed significantly to haze formations in all seasons. Daytime and nighttime SOA formations, along with nitrate chemistry, were found to be important factors in severe haze formations. These findings contribute to our understanding of haze pollution characteristics and future investigations of SOA formation mechanisms.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lauriane L. J. Quelever, Lubna Dada, Eija Asmi, Janne Lampilahti, Tommy Chan, Jonathan E. Ferrara, Gustavo E. Copes, German Perez-Fogwill, Luis Barreira, Minna Aurela, Douglas R. Worsnop, Tuija Jokinen, Mikko Sipila
Summary: Understanding the chemical processes behind atmospheric aerosol particle formation is crucial for predicting future climate. However, these mechanisms are still not well characterized, especially in polar regions. In this study, observations were made at the Marambio research station in Antarctica to analyze the composition of aerosol precursor molecules and chemical clusters, as well as air ions and aerosol particle concentrations. It was found that aerosol formation mainly occurred on days with high solar radiation, below-freezing temperatures, and low relative humidity. Sulfuric acid was identified as a key contributor to the particle formation process, while iodic acid and methane sulfonic acid likely played a role in particle growth. Additionally, anion clusters containing ammonia and/or dimethylamine and sulfuric acid were detected, suggesting their contribution to aerosol formation.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Qi Xiao, Wen lei Sun, Kai xin Yang, Xue feng Xing, Zi hao Chen, Hao nan Zhou, Jing Lu
Summary: The Fe-WC composite coatings fabricated by laser cladding on 15CrNiMo cone bit steel show enhanced microhardness and wear resistance, mainly due to the reinforcement of WC particles, which significantly improve the wear performance of the coatings.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bohui Shi, Yuchuan Chen, Xiaofeng Wang, Shangfei Song, Shunkang Fu, Jianwei Zhou, Yang Liu, Xiaofang Lv, Jing Gong
Summary: Hydrate flow assurance is crucial for the exploitation of natural gas hydrate reservoirs. However, the behaviors of hydrate formation and slurry flow in the presence of micron-sized sand particles are still unclear. This study performed experiments to investigate hydrate formation and slurry flow with micron-sized sand particles and calculated the formation kinetics parameters, derived the viscosity calculation method, and established the flow resistance coefficient calculation method.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Laihao Ma, Hongpeng Zhang, Yucai Xie, Haotian Shi, Wenbo Zheng
Summary: This study aims to investigate the characteristics of aliasing signals induced by wear particles with different magnetic properties. The experimental results show that aliasing signals of two particles with the same magnetic property have only one pulse, and the amplitude decreases with spacing and increases with particle size. For two particles with different properties, the aliasing signal amplitudes are suppressed when the spacing is smaller, while the magnetic properties can be distinguished and the sizes can be estimated well by aliasing inductance signals when the spacing is larger.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ying Li, Weijun Leng, Jiani Xue, Li Yuan, Hongying Liu, Ruichang Gao
Summary: In this study, a comprehensive flavor profile analysis of traditional fermented shrimp paste was conducted using E-nose and SPME-GC-MS. It was found that 17 key volatile aroma components with OAV > 1 made significant contributions to the overall flavor formation of shrimp paste. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis revealed that Tetragenococcus was the dominant genera in the entire fermentation process. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis showed that the oxidation and degradation of lipids, protein, organic acids, and amino acids produced a large number of flavor substances and intermediates, which laid the foundation for the distinctive aroma of traditional shrimp paste. This work provides theoretical support for flavor regulation and quality control in traditional fermented foods.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Guijian Xiao, Xin Li, Kun Zhou, Zhengyu Yang
Summary: This study introduced the laser-ablating assisted grinding (LAAG) method to investigate the surface/subsurface damage behavior of C-f/SiC composite. It was found that SiO2 ablation products with a loose structure were formed during picosecond-laser ablating, and the ablated layers showed excellent machinability during grinding. LAAG resulted in significant ductile fracture and smeared removal appearance on the ground surfaces, while conventional grinding (CG) led to brittle removal of the composite. The grinding forces during LAAG decreased with increasing grinding speed, and the brittle-ductile transformation of the normal fiber became more significant. The increase of feed speed increased the grinding forces and enhanced the brittle removal behavior. The laser power affected the machined quality through the ablation depth and the ablative transformation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shengbing Zhou, Yuan Ma, Feng Liu, Ning Hu
Summary: This paper investigates the short-time pulse operation characteristics of a rotating detonation rocket engine through experiments. Results show that the engine can achieve continuous rotating detonation modes at pulse operating frequencies of 1-5 Hz, regardless of the pulse frequency's impact on the propagation mode and velocity of the detonation wave. The experiment also successfully verifies the feasibility of long-duration multi-pulse operation with rotating detonation mode.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hui Li, Guanghui Chen, Hongying Pang, Qiao Wang, Xinren Dai
Summary: By comparing the transcriptomes of two tree species, significant differences were found in wood morphology, gene expression, and alternative splicing, particularly in pathways related to wood formation. These results provide a foundation for further investigation into the different wood formation mechanisms of angiosperm and gymnosperm species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qianhua Dong, Jinpu Yang, Jinxin Gao, Fei Li
Summary: The centromere is essential for chromosome segregation and its dysfunction leads to chromosome segregation errors and genome instability. CENP-A plays a crucial role in centromere identity and mislocalization can result in chromosome segregation abnormalities linked to certain cancers.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fenghai Li, Bing Yu, Wei Zhao, Juan Wang, Meiling Xu, Hongli Fan, Jiejie Huang, Yitian Fang
Summary: This study explored the formation mechanisms of ash and deposit from cotton stalk water-cooled vibrating grate boiler combustion based on their characteristics. The measurement results showed that the fusion temperatures of different components of ash were influenced by the basic/acid ratio in their ash composition. Specific mineral components were also identified in the ash and deposit formation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muritala Alade Amidu, Yacine Addad, Mohamed Kamel Riahi, Eiyad Abu-Nada
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different slip mechanisms on the natural heat transfer performance of nanofluids, finding that the effects of these mechanisms vary depending on the nanoparticle concentration, with thermophoretic diffusion and sedimentation having significant influences on heat transfer.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hui Yao, Wei Liu, Ling Lin, Ying Lu, Jian-Hong Gan, Yuan Liu, Ning-Ping Tao, Xi-Chang Wang, Miao-Si Hong, Chang-Hua Xu
Summary: The formation and transformation mechanisms of micro-nano particles in broth during meat braising were investigated, revealing the dynamic changes and stabilization process of MNPs. MNPs continuously formed in the broth, facilitating the aggregation of free substances driven by intermolecular interactions, leading to further accumulation of principal nutrients and flavor compounds in the MNPs.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiajun Chen, Xiaolong Du, Erik W. Lentz, David J. E. Marsh, Jens C. Niemeyer
Summary: This study investigates the formation and growth of boson stars and their surrounding miniclusters through gravitational condensation using nonlinear dynamical numerical methods, considering attractive and repulsive self-interactions. Strong attractive self-interactions can cause instability and collapse of boson stars, while repulsive self-interactions promote their formation and result in solutions with larger radii.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lidia Morawska, Wendy Miller, Matt Riley, Sotiris Vardoulakis, Yong-Guan Zhu, Guy B. Marks, Prachi Garnawat, Prashant Kumar, Marie Thynell
Summary: The global population is shifting towards cities, leading to an increase in the number and size of cities worldwide. Building and running cities in a harmonious way is challenging due to their complexity as complex systems. The concept of urbanome, the genome of the city, offers a theoretical approach to quantify and evaluate population outcomes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenlu Wang, Yang Xiao, Shijie Han, Yang Zhang, Daocheng Gong, Hao Wang, Boguang Wang
Summary: Vehicle-mounted indoor-outdoor dual-smog chamber (JNU-VMDSC) is an effective tool for studying the formation mechanisms of air pollution. It can simulate quasi-realistic atmospheric conditions and meets the requirements of general atmospheric chemistry simulation studies. The preliminary results of photochemical simulations using JNU-VMDSC are consistent with literature reports and it provides a convenient and reliable means to study atmospheric photochemical reactions and control composite air pollution.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Joel C. Corbin, Robin L. Modini, Martin Gysel-Beer
Summary: This study combines theory and experiments to explain conflicting viewpoints on the compaction of soot aggregates. The study finds that internal mixing of soot particles with liquid coatings through condensation typically leads to compaction, while internal mixing through coagulation or the formation of solid or highly viscous coatings may avoid compaction.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Changda Wu, Haydn Trounce, Erin Dunne, David W. T. Griffith, Scott D. Chambers, Alastair G. Williams, Ruhi S. Humphries, Luke T. Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Chunlin Zhang, Hao Wang, Boguang Wang, Zoran Ristovski
Summary: This study presents the first comprehensive measurements of aerosol properties in the tropical warm pool of Australian waters, revealing intense non-marine related aerosol emissions in the region. Fossil fuel combustion was found to be the dominant contributor to black carbon concentrations, with biomass burning making significant contributions in certain areas.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beibei He, An Liu, Godfred O. Duodu, Buddhi Wijesiri, Godwin A. Ayoko, Ashantha Goonetilleke
Summary: This study examines the combined effects of catchment characteristics, sediment properties, and emerging pollutants (microplastics) on the presence of metals in urban river sediments. The results show variations in metal concentrations and enrichment along the Brisbane River, with crustal metals correlated with sediment properties and anthropogenic source metals correlated with catchment characteristics. Additionally, the presence of metals in sediments is positively correlated with microplastics concentration and negatively correlated with microplastics hazard indices.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hao Wang, Ruo-Fei Tian, Xue Liang, Jing Fan, Zi-Chuan Duan, Xin-Yu Fan, Jia-Jia Zhang, Dong-Sheng Yao, Zhi-Nan Chen, Ling Li
Summary: In this study, a prognostic model based on four oxidative stress genes was constructed to predict the prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. The model has important predictive value for clinical individualized therapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Wang, Tao Liu, Daocheng Gong, Hao Wang, Hai Guo, Minping Liao, Shuo Deng, Huang Cai, Boguang Wang
Summary: This study found that PAN was photochemically formed in the Nanling mountains of South China, with methylglyoxal, acetaldehyde, radicals, and other OVOCs as the main precursors. When polluted air masses invaded the area, anthropogenic aromatics intensified PAN formation. The net PAN formation reduced hydroxyl radical level, impaired local radical cycling, and suppressed local O3 production. These findings deepen our understanding of PAN photochemistry and the impact of anthropogenic intrusions on mountainous regions' background atmosphere.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lidia Morawska, Tunga Salthammer
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kongqiu Liang, Junwei Zhong, Wanfu Zhao, Yinxian Song, He Chang, Shitao Zhang, Zhong Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Junfeng Ji, Godwin A. Ayoko, Ray L. Frost, Salim Belyazid
Summary: The integration of heavy metal leaching based on the PROFILE weathering model into the steady-state critical load (SSCL) of heavy metals was conducted to assess the environmental capacity of agro-ecosystem. The leaching rates of Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Zn in paddy soil were quantified, and their correlations with pH, CaO, TFe2O3, and Corg were analyzed. Atmospheric deposition, rice plant uptake, and leaching were identified as the main input and output pathways for heavy metals in agricultural soil. The SSCL model provides new insights for the establishment of environment management in agricultural soils.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bruna A. Holanda, Marco A. Franco, David Walter, Paulo Artaxo, Samara Carbone, Yafang Cheng, Sourangsu Chowdhury, Florian Ditas, Martin Gysel-Beer, Thomas Klimach, Leslie A. Kremper, Ovid O. Krueger, Jost Lavric, Jos Lelieveld, Chaoqun Ma, Luiz A. T. Machado, Robin L. Modini, Fernando G. Morais, Andrea Pozzer, Jorge Saturno, Hang Su, Manfred Wendisch, Stefan Wolff, Mira L. Poehlker, Meinrat O. Andreae, Ulrich Poeschl, Christopher Poehlker
Summary: Smoke from biomass combustion in Africa contributes significantly to black carbon concentrations in the central Amazon, especially during the rainy season. The influence of African smoke extends across the entire Amazon, with the strongest impact on the eastern basin. These findings suggest that African smoke has historically played a crucial role in the development of the Amazon forest ecosystem.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tomasz R. Sosnowski, Lidia Morawska, Justyna Szczepanska, Ernest Szajna, Andrej I. Vilkotsky, Marcin Odziomek, Krzysztof Sosnowski
Summary: This paper presents experiments on the effectiveness of different face and nose coverings in reducing aerosol emitted by infected individuals. The results show that although smaller aerosols can penetrate the tested face coverings, their concentrations outside are significantly reduced. The use of masks can reduce the amount of inhaled airborne particles by 1.3-5.7 times compared to not wearing a mask.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Changda Wu, Congrong He, Zachary E. Brown, Branka Miljevic, Chunlin Zhang, Hao Wang, Boguang Wang, Lidia Morawska, Zoran Ristovski
Summary: This study investigates the light absorption, potential sources, and health risks of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) during the prescribed burning season in Brisbane. It was found that fossil-fuel combustion contributes more to the total BC, while biomass burning has the potential to form more secondary BrC. Air masses from southern and northern Brisbane were identified as potential pollution sources dominated by biomass burning and traffic emissions. The health risks based on equivalent numbers of passively smoked cigarettes increased during periods with elevated BC emissions, likely from prescribed burns.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rongbin Xu, Tingting Ye, Xu Yue, Zhengyu Yang, Wenhua Yu, Yiwen Zhang, Michelle L. Bell, Lidia Morawska, Pei Yu, Yuxi Zhang, Yao Wu, Yanming Liu, Fay Johnston, Yadong Lei, Michael J. Abramson, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li
Summary: Wildfires caused by climate change are increasing in severity and frequency, leading to higher levels of air pollution. This study reveals that the global population is increasingly exposed to air pollution from landscape fires, with higher levels in low-income countries compared to high-income countries.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul Zieger, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Linn Karlsson, Makoto Koike, Robin Modini, Radovan Krejci
Summary: Black carbon has a pronounced climatic effect on the polar environment. This study uses long-term observations of black carbon inside Arctic clouds to investigate its seasonality, sources, and links to other meteorological parameters.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alireza Moallemi, Robin L. Modini, Benjamin T. Brem, Barbara Bertozzi, Philippe Giaccari, Martin Gysel-Beer
Summary: This study presents a new polar nephelometer called uNeph, which accurately measures the phase function and polarized phase function of aerosol particles and retrieves their properties through inversion algorithms.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2023)