Article
Immunology
Eva Clark, Elizabeth Y. Chiao, E. Susan Amirian
Summary: By late April 2020, the US shifted towards more targeted mitigation strategies, but many regions lacked robust testing-tracing programs, leading to major disease resurgences. Contact tracing is unlikely to be a comprehensive solution given the decentralized public health system in the US.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Adam Bear, Jonathan Phillips
Summary: Yarkoni argues against the use of impoverished statistical models that fail to include important sources of variation as random effects in making broad inferences. However, we assert that for many common study designs, random effects are inappropriate and insufficient to draw general inferences, as the source of variation is not random but systematic.
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Justus G. Garweg, Uwe Pleyer
Summary: Although there is no clear evidence of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in acute ocular toxoplasmosis, its role as a secondary prophylaxis is widely accepted. Most uveitis specialists advocate for treatment, with significant effects on the timing and frequency of recurrences.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Masoud Yazdanpanah, Kurt Klein, Tahereh Zobeidi, Stefan Sieber, Katharina Loehr
Summary: This study examines the factors influencing the adoption of improved irrigation technology in Iran, focusing on farmers' socio-economic characteristics, social capital, and technology characteristics. The findings suggest that socio-economic factors are the strongest predictor of adoption, followed by technology characteristics and social capital. The results provide valuable insights for agricultural extension agents and policy-makers to design effective strategies for increasing the adoption rate of drip irrigation.
Article
Management
Rodolphe Griset, Pascale Bendotti, Boris Detienne, Marc Porcheron, Halil Sen, Francois Vanderbeck
Summary: Optimizing nuclear unit outages is crucial for the economic performance of French electricity company EDF, as it involves substituting more expensive means to meet electricity demand. This study proposes a combined decomposition approach to tackle the challenges posed by the specific operating constraints of nuclear units, stochastic demand and non-nuclear unit availability, and the scale of the problem. The approach incorporates the operating constraints into a Dantzig-Wolfe pricing subproblem and handles demand and non-nuclear unit availability using Benders decomposition. The scalability of the approach is demonstrated on real-life instances of the French nuclear fleet.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, Agila Kumari Pragasam, Alyce Taylor-Brown, Robert C. Will, Karthick Vasudevan, Bhabatosh Das, Sunil Kumar Srivastava, Goutam Chowdhury, Asish K. Mukhopadhyay, Shanta Dutta, Balaji Veeraraghavan, Nicholas R. Thomson, Naresh C. Sharma, Gopinath Balakrish Nair, Yoshifumi Takeda, Amit Ghosh, Gordon Dougan, Ankur Mutreja
Summary: This study describes the genomic epidemiology of the O139 Vibrio cholerae serogroup and identifies changes in virulence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics that may have contributed to its decline.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mohamed Kechar, Ladjel Bellatreche, Safia Nait-Bahloul
Summary: In advanced database design, selecting redundant structures such as materialized views and indexes is crucial for optimizing large-scale decision support queries in Big Data Warehouses. Materialized View Selection (MVS) is known as an NP-Hard problem and several algorithms have been proposed to find appropriate materialized views that minimize query processing cost and view maintenance cost. However, these algorithms are mostly workload-driven and their efficiency depends on the number of queries in the workload. Therefore, there is a need for efficient algorithms that can select materialized views based on a large set of queries. This paper proposes a ZigZag(+) approach that uses the multiple view processing plan as a unified data structure for all query plans and conducts experiments to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency compared to state-of-art approaches.
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Article
Political Science
Joanna Rak, Maciej Skrzypek
Summary: This article explores the impact of political opportunities on the recent failure of social mobilizations for women's reproductive rights in Poland. Despite two waves of social mobilization, one of which was the largest in democratic Poland with unprecedented public support, the reasons for the lack of change are examined. It is argued that women's movements for reproductive rights in Poland have been marginalized since 1989 to 2007, lacking strong societal roots. Additionally, an alliance of ruling elites, the Catholic Church, and state-controlled media has consistently been able to suppress social movement demands.
SOCIAL MOVEMENT STUDIES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Philip M. Farrell
Summary: This commentary summarizes the author's findings from 46 years of research on newborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF), along with healthcare and public health practice. The goal of consistently timely and equitable diagnoses in the neonatal period has not been achieved in the USA. The causes for this include challenges in leadership and deficiencies in CF centers and NBS labs, lack of effective partnerships, misunderstandings about CF, and limitations in data and protocols.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Meir Hemmo, Orly Shenker
Summary: The article briefly introduces the measurement problem in quantum mechanics and the Many Worlds Interpretation (MWI) as its solution. It discusses the preferred basis problem and the role of decoherence in MWI. The article compares different theories on the completeness of quantum mechanics and explores the nature of high-level emergent facts and non-reductive properties in Wallace's approach.
Article
Ecology
Grant S. S. Joseph, Colleen L. L. Seymour
Summary: Seventy-five percent of Madagascar is adapted to human-lit fire and lacks trees, consisting mainly of C-4 grasslands. However, the faunal elements referenced by Bond et al. (2022) are predominantly habitat generalists, not grassland specialists. African and Malagasy hippos occupy significantly different feeding niches, and while non-arboreal mammals in Madagascar remained forest-adapted, their African counterparts radiated into open habitats.
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Review
Rheumatology
Ana Lorenzo-Vizcaya, David Alan Isenberg
Summary: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by the production of auto-antibodies and inflammatory response. Effective therapies for SLE are needed, as some drugs have shown success in phase II trials but failed in phase III trials. This review focuses on specific drugs and explores the reasons for their failure or success.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiri Horacek, Robert Janda, Natalie Görnerova, Lucia Jajcay, Veronika Andrashko
Summary: Ketamine has potential benefits in counteracting postoperative delirium, but previous studies have failed for various pharmacological reasons. The interaction with intravenous general anesthetics, which have opposite effects on GABA interneurons, may be of principal importance. Biomarkers and strategies for timing ketamine administration could help elucidate the underlying mechanisms and improve its effectiveness. Addressing these issues is essential as current protocols still involve administering ketamine during general anesthesia, which is a major pitfall.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Lucy Mulugo, Paul Kibwika, Florence Birungi Kyazze, Aman Omondi Bonaventure, Enoch Kikulwe
Summary: This study examines the factors constraining the uptake of tissue culture banana planting materials in central Uganda, considering the cultural context of banana cultivation. The findings indicate that tissue culture bananas are not culturally compatible with traditional food and drinks, culture, and medicine preferred by farmers. Farmers also express a need for more knowledge and information on how to plant and maintain tissue culture plantlets. Future efforts should consider cultural values alongside planting material hygiene, quality, and vigor to effectively control pests and diseases.
AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN VALUES
(2022)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Niels Linnemann
Summary: This paper examines the empirical coherence problem and spatiotemporal gap problem of quantum gravity, arguing that spacetime functionalism is not the only way to address these issues, and that some of these problems do not actually exist in current theories of quantum gravity.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hao Li, Guoliang Liu, Yanshu Liu, Yuanjun Zhu, Xiaohui Yang
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2019)
Article
Agronomy
Yuanjun Zhu, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Dan Shan, Xiaohui Yang, Yanshu Liu, David J. Eldridge
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunfeng Jia, Baoping Sun, Xinxiao Yu, Xiaohui Yang
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Genbatu Ge, Zhongjie Shi, Yuanjun Zhu, Xiaohui Yang, Yuguang Hao
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2020)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Hao Li, Zichuan Ma, Yuanjun Zhu, Yanshu Liu, Xiaohui Yang
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2020)
Article
Forestry
Xiao Wang, Lina Jiang, Xiaohui Yang, Zhongjie Shi, Pengtao Yu
Article
Geography, Physical
Hao Li, Xiaohui Yang, Kebin Zhang
Summary: Global land degradation is a complex issue influenced by various factors. This study found that dynamic trends are more effective in objectively describing the status of land degradation, with short-term fluctuations indicating the long-term crisis is not completely reversed. Additionally, regional factors such as inter-annual rain variability and atmospheric fertilization play a significant role in driving the degradation processes.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Yuanjun Zhu, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Dan Shan, Xiaohui Yang, David J. Eldridge
Summary: The study indicates that different land use practices such as grazing, mowing, and combined grazing with mowing have varying effects on biodiversity and functions in Eurasian steppe grasslands. Mowing is considered a better long-term management method, while combined land use practices may decouple the positive associations between plant richness and functions.
Article
Ecology
Genbatu Ge, Jingbo Zhang, Xiaona Chen, Xiangjie Liu, Yuguang Hao, Xiaohui Yang, SeMyung Kwon
Summary: Land use and land cover change (LULC) have significant impacts on ecosystem services, particularly in desert-oasis ecotones. This study used imagery and benefit transfer method to estimate the changes in ecosystem service value (ESV) in response to LULC in Dengkou County along the Yellow River in China. The results showed that cropland expansion was the most significant feature and led to an increase in the total ESV.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danyu Wang, Chaoyi Shi, Khan Alamgir, SeMyung Kwon, Leilei Pan, Yuanjun Zhu, Xiaohui Yang
Summary: Artemisia annua is a crucial source of artemisinin, but its protection status is inadequate. The study reveals that the distribution areas of A. annua in Europe are greatly affected, and Asia and Europe have slightly better protection status scores. Protective measures for medicinal plants like A. annua are crucial to support drug production and disease treatment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiao Zhang, Zhaofei Fan, Zhongjie Shi, Leilei Pan, SeMyung Kwon, Xiaohui Yang, Yanshu Liu
Summary: Global climate change and increased drought frequency and intensity have resulted in forest decline and tree mortality. By studying the resilience components of tree growth to drought, including resistance, recovery, and resilience, as well as the influencing factors, this study helps assess the production and ecological stability of forests under a changing climate. The findings highlight the importance of drought severity and individual-tree characteristics in influencing drought resilience components, which can inform future adaptive management of natural Mongolian pine forests.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Baizhu Wang, Yuanjun Zhu, Enkhmaa Erdenebileg, Chaoyi Shi, Dan Shan, Xiaohui Yang
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and steppe grazing potential. The results show that soil physical and chemical properties differ significantly at different grazing potential levels. Soil bulk density (SBD) and soil organic carbon (SOC) are found to be sensitive indicators that affect grazing potential. Furthermore, soil function and potential carrying capacity at a moderate grazing potential level are identified as important directions for future research. The study highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between soil function and steppe grazing potential for ecological restoration and sustainable development.
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hui Bai, Baizhu Wang, Yuanjun Zhu, Semyung Kwon, Xiaohui Yang, Kebin Zhang
Summary: In this study, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Geographically Weighted Principal Component Analysis (GWPCA) were used to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of livestock populations in Inner Mongolia. The effects of meteorological disasters on livestock populations were also taken into consideration. The results showed that GWPCA had a stronger spatial explanation for livestock populations, and summer drought and spring-summer drought had a greater impact on both small and large livestock. The study highlights the geographical differences in the impact of meteorological disasters and their effects on livestock populations.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
A. Khan, X. Zhang, X. Yang, K. Zhang, M. Hayat, S. Xu, J. Muhammad, S. Saeed, S. Shah, S. Iqbal
Summary: The study on soil nutrients and stoichiometric ratio in Mongolian scots pine plantation forests found that concentrations and storage of TSOC, TN, and TP decrease with depth increments. More C, N, and P were found in the upper soil profile, and coniferous plantation forests store more C compared to N and P. The study also showed a relatively constrained C:N:P ratio in this plantation forest at certain depths. Stand density, basal area, and total biomass carbon affected nutrient concentration.
APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Ecology
K. Fandjinou, K. B. Zhang, F. Folega, B. Mukete, X. H. Yang, K. Wala, K. Akpagana
APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2019)
