期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
卷 154, 期 2, 页码 155-168出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.09.020
关键词
benzonitrile herbicides; degradation pathways; metabolites; groundwater contamination; review
The benzonitriles dichlobenil, bromoxynil and ioxynil are important broad-spectrum or selective herbicides used in agriculture, orchards and public areas worldwide. The dichlobenil metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzamide is the most frequently encountered groundwater contaminant in Denmark, which suggests that the environmental fate of these three structurally related benzonitrile herbicides should be addressed in detail. This review surnmarises the current knowledge on microbial degradation of dichlobenil, bromoxynil and ioxynil with particular focus on common features of degradation rates and pathways, accumulation of persistent metabolites and diversity of the involved degrader organisms. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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