Review
Immunology
David W. Vredevoogd, Daniel S. Peeper
Summary: Functional genetic screens have identified tumor-intrinsic nodes of immune resistance, revealing various mechanisms by which tumors evade the immune system. However, limitations in capturing tumor heterogeneity have impacted these analyses. This article provides an overview of the nature and sources of heterogeneity that impact tumor-immune interactions and argues that considering tumor heterogeneity is crucial for discovering novel immune evasion mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Shruti Bhargava, Joachim Jankowski
Summary: Fosl1, a member of the Fos family, plays a role in carcinogenesis, acute kidney injury, and fibroblast growth factor expression. It has been recently found to have a nephroprotective effect through the preservation of Klotho expression. The identification of a link between Fosl1 and Klotho expression opens up a new field of nephroprotection.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Christina Doxaki, Konstantinos Palikaras
Summary: Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis in neurons, particularly through impaired mitophagy, can lead to neurodegenerative disorders, while excessive mitophagy may reduce mitochondrial content and ultimately trigger neuronal cell death.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Dinakaran Elango, Karthika Rajendran, Liza Van der Laan, Sheelamary Sebastiar, Joscif Raigne, Naveen A. Thaiparambil, Noureddine El Haddad, Bharath Raja, Wanyan Wang, Antonella Ferela, Kevin O. Chiteri, Mahendar Thudi, Rajeev K. Varshney, Surinder Chopra, Arti Singh, Asheesh K. Singh
Summary: Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and have various beneficial effects in plants and humans. However, they are considered anti-nutritional factors for causing flatulence in humans and animals. RFOs provide tolerance to plant stress and have prebiotic potential in the human intestine.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Maria Isabel Cuartero, Alicia Garcia-Culebras, Cristina Torres-Lopez, Violeta Medina, Enrique Fraga, Sandra Vazquez-Reyes, Tania Jareno-Flores, Juan M. Garcia-Segura, Ignacio Lizasoain, Maria angeles Moro
Summary: After stroke injury, there is ongoing neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain which can contribute to recovery. However, the neurogenic response may lead to different functional consequences, suggesting a complex interplay between physiological and pathological regulation. More in-depth understanding is needed on the key cell types, cell-cell interactions, and molecular pathways involved in neurogenic response after brain damage.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Franziska Stumpf, Bettina Keller, Carla Gressies, Philipp Schuetz
Summary: The interplay between inflammation and nutrition has attracted significant attention recently. Inflammation has been identified as a critical factor in disease-related malnutrition, leading to anorexia, reduced food intake, muscle catabolism, and insulin resistance. Inflammation also affects the response to nutritional treatment, with patients with high inflammation showing no response and patients with lower inflammation levels showing a response. This may explain the conflicting results of nutritional trials.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mona M. Saber, Nada Monir, Azza S. Awad, Marwa E. Elsherbiny, Hala F. Zaki
Summary: The innate immune system uses Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) to provide protection, but the interaction between mtDNA and TLR9 can lead to inflammation and autoimmune disorders in pathological conditions. The role of TLR9 in different diseases is controversial and further research is needed to develop therapeutic strategies.
Editorial Material
Hematology
Tomomi Toubai
Summary: In this study, the role of G protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) was examined in the pathophysiology of experimental graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GPR109A is a receptor for the short chain fatty acid butylate and the B vitamin niacin.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila Stokowa-Soltys, Kamil Wojtkowiak, Karolina Jagiello
Summary: Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is a common Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria found in the gut and oral cavity, which can be associated with various human diseases. It has the ability to migrate to other parts of the body, causing additional health issues.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiankang Wu, Yiming Ma, Yan Chen
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD and can serve as diagnostic markers and a potential therapy for the disease. EVs are released by various cell types and carry bioactive substances that enable communication between cells and affect the physiological and pathological functions of the body.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Timothy D. Bryson, Pamela Harding
Summary: This review article summarizes the role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its receptors (EP1-EP4) in inflammatory cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, and focuses on myocarditis associated with COVID-19.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Beatrice Fontana, Giulia Gallerani, Irene Salamon, Ilaria Pace, Roberta Roncarati, Manuela Ferracin
Summary: ARID1A is a chromatin regulatory protein that plays a role in maintaining accessibility at promoters and enhancers to regulate gene expression. It is frequently altered in various human cancers and can act as a tumor suppressor or oncogene depending on the tumor type and context. ARID1A mutations are observed in approximately 10% of tumors, including endometrial, bladder, gastric, liver, biliopancreatic cancer, some ovarian cancer subtypes, and aggressive cancers of unknown primary. Its loss is generally associated with disease progression and worse prognostic features. However, the association of ARID1A genetic alterations with patient prognosis is controversial. Nevertheless, ARID1A loss of function can be targeted with inhibitory drugs based on synthetic lethality mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Bigna S. Buddeberg, Manfred D. Seeberger
Summary: The choice of anesthetics for cancer surgery may affect the course of cancerous disease, with TIVA (total intravenous anesthesia) showing potential advantages over volatile anesthesia in terms of patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Xiuxia Lu, Tianhui Guo, Xing Zhang
Summary: Pyroptosis, a new form of programmed cell death, has garnered attention in cancer research. Various stimuli can trigger pyroptosis, but its role in cancer remains unclear with conflicting findings. Despite the uncertainties, pyroptosis may hold potential as a promising anti-cancer therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiu-Min Hu, Nan-Rui Shi, Ji-Zhou Zhang, Yan-Qin Zuo, Xin Wang, Ya-Fei Zhao, Jia-Si Wu
Summary: Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) plays a crucial role in regulating the intensity and nature of purinergic signals in immune cells. It converts extracellular ATP to adenosine along with CD39 to limit excessive immune responses. The location of CD73 near adenosine receptors determines its positive or negative effects, and its action is influenced by nucleoside transfer. However, the bidirectional nature of CD73 in lung injury pathogenesis is still unknown. This review explores the relationship between CD73 and lung injury, highlighting its potential as a drug target for pulmonary disease treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
R. Suseela Bhai, A. Jeevalatha, C. N. Biju, K. B. Vinitha, Jose Cissin, O. B. Rosana, A. Fayad, R. Praveena, M. Anandaraj, Santhosh J. Eapen
Summary: This study investigated the morphology and phylogenetic taxonomy of Phytophthora isolates causing foot rot disease in black pepper cultivation in India. It revealed the existence of two main species, P. capsici and P. tropicalis, responsible for the disease. The study also highlighted the high degree of genetic polymorphism among black pepper Phytophthora isolates and emphasized the need for reevaluating the control strategy for managing this serious disease.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Eline A. Ampt, Jasper van Ruijven, Mark P. Zwart, Jos M. Raaijmakers, Aad J. Termorshuizen, Liesje Mommer
Summary: Research shows that neighboring plants can either reduce or increase the transmission of pathogens. These effects are determined by the age of the neighbors, and cannot be simply explained by a dichotomy between hosts and non-host neighbors.
Editorial Material
Food Science & Technology
Santhosh J. Eapen, Lijo Thomas, R. Praveena, C. M. Senthil Kumar
Summary: While the pesticide industry in India is regulated, there are gaps in the registration and availability of plant protection products (PPPs), especially for spice crops. The limited number of registered pesticides and the absence of maximum residue limits (MRL) for several pesticides affect both domestic and international trade of spices. Policy interventions and strategies are needed to address the challenges faced by stakeholders in the spice industry, as India is the world's leading producer and exporter of spices.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Krishnan Sakthivel, Kaari Manigundan, Sushil Kumar Sharma, Reena Singh, Manisha Mohan Das, Varsha Devi, Raj Kumar Gautam, Sevugapperumal Nakkeeran, Aundy Kumar
Summary: Taxonomic and functional characterization of bacterial isolates from Andaman and Nicobar Islands revealed the potential of 12 isolates for biological suppression of plant pathogens. These isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Lysinibacillus sphaericus and showed plant growth promotion traits. PCR test confirmed the presence of antimicrobial peptides biosynthesis genes specific to Bacillus genus. In planta evaluation demonstrated the biocontrol potential of these isolates against chilli leaf spot disease. The study highlights the diversity of Bacillus species for bioinoculants in plant health management programs.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jos M. Raaijmakers, E. Toby Kiers
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Charishma Krishnappa, Ashajyothi Mushineni, Bhaskar Reddy, Mukesh Kumar, Kuleshwar Prasad Sahu, Asharani Patel, Neelam Sheoran, Hosahatti Rajashekara, V. Govindasamy, Aundy Kumar
Summary: This study explored the microbiome of different parts of rice plants, including the leaves and seeds, and identified potential bacterial communities that can be used for improved rice cultivation in the future.
FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinya Pan, Jos M. Raaijmakers, Victor J. Carrion
Summary: Bacteroidetes are widely found in soil ecosystems, and they interact with various eukaryotic hosts such as plants, animals, and humans. Their adaptability and genomic plasticity highlight their versatility in different environments. While much research has focused on clinically relevant Bacteroidetes, the study of plant-associated Bacteroidetes has been relatively understudied. To enhance our understanding of the functional roles of Bacteroidetes in plants and other hosts, this review explores their taxonomy, ecology, and their roles in nutrient cycling and host fitness. The review emphasizes their distribution, stress tolerance, genomic diversity, and importance in diverse ecosystems, including plant-associated microbiomes.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Lucas P. P. Braga, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Benjamin Lee, Siu Mui Tsai, Jos M. Raaijmakers, Rodrigo Mendes, Lucas W. Mendes
Summary: This study tested the influence of resistance breeding on the composition of rhizosphere viruses and viroids. By analyzing metatranscriptomes from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars with varying resistance to the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, it was found that the resistant cultivar harbored more viroids and a different composition of viroids and viruses than less resistant plants. This study suggests that changes in the rhizosphere infectome are an important consideration in breeding for resistance against soil-borne pathogens.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mohammed Javed, Bhaskar Reddy, Neelam Sheoran, Prakash Ganesan, Aundy Kumar
Summary: This study identified the roles of miRNAs and their target genes in different rice genotypes with resistance or susceptibility to blast disease. Significant differences were found between the resistant and susceptible genotypes, as well as several shared miRNAs and novel miRNAs. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of resistant rice varieties and can improve crop management practices to ensure global food security.
Article
Ecology
Peter Erdmann Dougherty, Tue Kjaergaard Nielsen, Leise Riber, Helen Helga Lading, Laura Milena Forero-Junco, Witold Kot, Jos M. Raaijmakers, Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
Summary: This study reveals the widespread and diverse prophages in phyllosphere bacteria and their roles in bacterial interactions. The researchers use a novel sequencing method to identify and quantify spontaneously induced prophages, discovering high levels of prophage activity in both culture and plant environments. They also find that E. aphidicola prophages contribute to intraspecies genetic diversity and divide their bacterial hosts into antagonistic factions engaged in microbial warfare.
Article
Horticulture
Alexander Balamurugan, Aundy Kumar
Summary: A severe fruit rot symptom was observed on green bell pepper in the local vegetable market in New Delhi, India. The pathogen causing the fruit rot was identified as Alternaria alternata and was found to be able to infect tomatoes and eggplant as well. These findings are important for developing suitable strategies for fruit rot management and postharvest handling.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lucas William Mendes, Jos M. Raaijmakers, Mattias de Hollander, Edis Sepo, RuthGomez Exposito, Alisson Fernando Chiorato, Rodrigo Mendes, Siu Mui Tsai, Victor J. Carrion
Summary: This study found that Fusarium oxysporum infection had different effects on the composition and gene expression of the root microbiome in fox-susceptible and fox-resistant common bean cultivars. The infection increased microbial diversity, network complexity, and the abundance of certain bacterial genera in the rhizosphere and endosphere of the fox-resistant cultivar. Metagenome and metatranscriptome analysis also revealed the enrichment of terpene biosynthesis genes with potential disease-suppressive functions in the fox-resistant cultivar upon fungal pathogen invasion.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mushineni Ashajyothi, Alexander Balamurugan, Asharani Patel, Charishma Krishnappa, Rajesh Kumar, Aundy Kumar
Summary: This study characterized the functional role of extracellular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from endophytic Pseudomonas putida BP25 (PpBP25) against rice blast. The results showed that PpBP25 and its cell wall-associated polysaccharides could elicit defense against rice blast.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Sewunet Abera, Mahdere Shimels, Taye Tessema, Jos M. Raaijmakers, Francisco Dini-Andreote
Summary: The study analyzed the taxonomic diversity and biogeographical distribution of bacterial taxa in sorghum fields in Ethiopia. It identified a core rhizosphere microbiome and its association with sorghum genotypic traits.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
E. A. Mcdaniel, J. J. M. van Steenbrugge, D. R. Noguera, K. D. Mcmahon, J. M. Raaijmakers, M. H. Medema, B. O. Oyserman
Summary: This article presents an approach for assessing the trait landscape of microbial communities using genome-resolved time-series metatranscriptomics. The study found that most traits have niche-differentiating expression attributes among multiple genomes.
ISME COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
