期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
卷 116, 期 10, 页码 1357-1361出版社
US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11377
关键词
air pollution; autonomic nervous system; cardiovascular diseases; cohort study; heart rate variability; long-term exposure; nitrogen dioxide; sex
资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Federal Office for Forest, Environment and Landscape
- Federal Office of Public Health
- Federal Office of Roads and Transport
- canton's government of Aargau
- Basel-Stadt
- Basel-Land, Geneva, Luzern, Ticino, and Zurich
- Swiss Lung League
- Lung Leagues Of Basel-Stadr/Basel-Landschaft, Geneva, Ticino, and Zurich
- U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
BACKCROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic tone, has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Short-term studies have shown that subjects exposed to higher traffic-associated air pollutant levels have lower HRV. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the effect of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide on HRV in the Swiss cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). METHODS: We recorded 24-hr electrocardiograms in randomly selected SAPALDIA participants >= 50 years of age. Other examinations included an, interview investigating health status and measurements of blood pressure, body height, and weight. Annual exposure to NO2 at the address of residence was predicted by hybrid models (i.e., a combination of dispersion predictions, land-use, and meteorologic parameters). We estimated the association between NO2 and HRV in multi-variable linear regression models. Complete data for analyses were available for 1,408 subjects. RESULTS: For women, but not for men, each 10-mu g/m(3) increment in 1-year averaged NO2 level was associated with a decrement of 3% (95% Cl, -4 to -1) for the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN), -6% (95% Cl, -11 to -1) for nighttime low frequency (LF), and -5% (95% Cl, -9 to 0) for nighttime LF/high-firequency (HF) ratio. We saw no significant effect for 24-hr total power (TP), HF, LF, or LF/HF or for nighttime SDNN, TP, or HF. In subjects with self-reported cardiovascular problems, SDNN decreased by 4% (95% Cl, -8 to -1) per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in NO2. CONCLUSIONS: There is some evidence that long-term exposure to NO2 is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction in elderly women and in subjects with cardiovascular disease.
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