Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wei Leng, Hao Liu
Summary: The mantle plume model, along with the theory of plate tectonics, forms the key configuration of material circulation and energy transport in the Earth's interior. Numerical modeling provides a quantitative description of mantle plume evolution, explaining observations and results from other disciplines, and is an important means to study plume dynamics.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Setyo Budi Kurniawan, Muhammad Fauzul Imron, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah, Ahmad Razi Othman, Ipung Fitri Purwanti, Hassimi Abu Hasan
Summary: This study analyzed the potential of a bacteria-based bioflocculant produced by Serratia marcescens in treating aquaculture effluent. With the assistance of CaCl2, the bioflocculant showed good performance in turbidity and suspended solid removal. However, increasing the dosage of the bioflocculant had a negative effect on color removal.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marija Kvesic, Hrvoje Kalinic, Mia Dzelalija, Ivica Samanic, Roko Andricevic, Ana Maravic
Summary: The study investigated the impact of partially treated submarine effluents from wastewater treatment plants on the water column, revealing that differences in discharge areas may be due to the origin of treated wastewaters and environmental conditions. Analysis showed abundant antibiotic resistance genes in the microbiomes, with pathogenic genera introduced by effluents predicted to be major sources of multidrug resistance.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Lei Jia, Yu Zhang, Deming Zhu, You Dong
Summary: This study investigates the effects of wave incident angles on coastal bridge superstructures by developing an advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The study finds that wave forces can cause severe damage to bridge structures under extreme conditions. In addition, three surrogate models are established to predict wave forces in different directions.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenting Wu, Zhaoqing Yang, Chunpeng Chen, Bo Tian
Summary: The study found that ecological engineering projects have significant impacts on the geomorphological changes of coastal wetlands, and the use of remote sensing data can improve the quality of numerical models. However, EEP may increase the vulnerability of coastal wetland ecosystems to global climate change. Further research is needed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of EEP and identify a more sustainable approach for coastal management.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
F. J. Millward, H. N. Webster, C. G. Johnson
Summary: The ash and gas released by large explosive volcanic eruptions rise to a neutral buoyancy level in the atmosphere and then spread laterally to form an umbrella cloud. This cloud is influenced by the meteorological wind, resulting in non-axisymmetric spreading. A new parametrization model is developed based on a physically based shallow-layer intrusion model, which improves the prediction of horizontal ash distribution compared to conventional circular parametrization models.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ke Wu, Ganyu Wang, Jiangdong Li, Yadong Huang, Xiaolong Yan, Tianhang Zhang
Summary: The study numerically investigates the effects of ventilation conditions and aspect ratios on the multi-dimensional movement of fire-induced buoyant plumes. The results reveal that both the ventilation velocity and area have influences on the bifurcation angle of the plume, and the phenomenon of plume bifurcation is observed. A modified Richardson number is proposed to describe the morphology of the plume. The relationship between plume bifurcation and smoke layer bifurcation is also discussed.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Thunchanok Thongsamer, Rattikan Neamchan, Adrian Blackburn, Kishor Acharya, Sawannee Sutheeworapong, Bundit Tirachulee, Pavinee Pattanachan, Soydoa Vinitnantharat, Xin-Yuan Zhou, Jian-Qiang Su, Yong-Guan Zhu, David Graham, David Werner
Summary: The study found that aquaculture is not a major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment in Central Thailand, with the highest prevalence of resistance traits observed in Hua Krabue canal water influenced by urban pollution from Bangkok.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Madhuvandhi Janardhanam, Priya Sivakumar, Gomathi Srinivasan, Rekha Sivakumar, Priscilla Niranjani Marcus, Sujatha Balasubramaniam, Krishnamurthy Rajamanickam, Thiagarajan Raman, Gopalakrishnan Singaram, Thilagam Harikrishnan
Summary: The study investigates the accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in sharks collected from the Southeast Indian coastal zone. It reveals that demersal sharks in this area have ingested MPs, with a higher concentration found in the gastrointestinal tract than in the gills. The majority of the MPs are blue and pale white in color, with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 2 mm. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy identifies polypropylene, polyacrylamides, and polyethylene as the main polymers. This study provides the first scientific data on MPs and associated fiber ingestion in shark species in the Bay of Bengal habitat.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luis Resende, Juan Flores, Claudia Moreira, Diana Pacheco, Alexandra Baeta, Ana Carla Garcia, Ana Cristina Silva Rocha
Summary: Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) is a promising ecological and sustainable solution for effluent treatment in traditional monoculture aquacultures. Researchers have developed a practical and low maintenance IMTA system and demonstrated its effectiveness using locally grown macroalgae. The macroalgae successfully thrived in the fishpond effluent and significantly reduced inorganic nutrient load.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jackie Opfer, Miki Hondzo, V. R. Voller
Summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate the errors resulting from numerical treatment of model processes, focusing on the impact of key system features including dispersion coefficients, algal cell velocities, and algae aggregation. A new advection-dispersion model was proposed to describe the vertical transport of harmful algae. The study compared two numerical treatments and found that the SMART scheme predicts larger peak concentration values than the first-order upwinding scheme.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Sergio A. Chillon, Ainara Ugarte-Anero, Inigo Aramendia, Unai Fernandez-Gamiz, Ekaitz Zulueta
Summary: The study examined droplet dispersion and evaporation caused by coughing, finding that droplets smaller than 150 µm evaporate within 10 seconds. Smaller droplets are influenced by Brownian movement, medium-sized droplets by inertial forces, and larger droplets by inertial and gravitational forces, with smaller droplets located at the top positions and larger droplets at the bottom.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Xinyue Yang, Xianglai Zeng, Carlo Gualtieri, Alan Cuthbertson, Ruo-Qian Wang, Dongdong Shao
Summary: With the rapid development of commercial aquaculture, submerged cages or pens are commonly used in fish farms located within inland lakes, reservoirs, and coastal embayments. These structures have a significant influence on the flow fields and mass transport processes in surrounding water bodies. However, the effect of these structures on near-field mass transport processes, important for pollution transport and dispersal, remains unclear.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Imre Salma, Arpad Farkas, Tamas Weidinger, Miklos Balogh
Summary: Particle number concentrations and size distributions were studied during firework displays in Budapest, Hungary over a period of seven years. The concentrations in the diameter range of 100-1000 nm were elevated by a factor of 20-25 and an extra particle size mode at 203 nm was observed. The smoke had a short atmospheric residence time of 25 min and dispersion simulations showed substantial concentration gradients in the plume.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guangyu Xu, Christopher R. German
Summary: A multiscale numerical framework was developed to study the dispersion of deep-sea hydrothermal plumes originating from the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. The analysis of simulation outputs revealed the impacts of tidal forcing and buoyancy flux on ocean circulation and plume dispersion in the presence of seafloor topography. Tidal forcing drove anti-cyclonic circulation near the ridge-axis, while hydrothermal venting induced cyclonic circulation around vent fields. Tidal forcing had a notable influence on plume dispersion, particularly near large topographic features. Additionally, the study found inter-annual variability in plume dispersion, with different trajectories in 2016 and 2021.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
F. T. Mayer, O. B. Fringer
Summary: The study investigates the simulation of idealized lee waves in hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic modes in regional ocean models. Results show that the numerical error in simulating lee wave drag decreases quadratically with horizontal grid refinement, primarily due to discretization of the bottom boundary condition and nonhydrostatic pressure.
Article
Oceanography
Galen Egan, Grace Chang, Samuel McWilliams, Gene Revelas, Oliver Fringer, Stephen Monismith
Summary: This study conducted field work on the shoals of South San Francisco Bay to elucidate the mechanisms driving cohesive sediment erosion. The research found a strong correlation between wave shear stress and turbulent sediment fluxes, as well as explored the impact of tidal turbulence on sediment transport. Despite the dominance of waves in eroding sediment, there was favorable agreement between in situ boundary layer erosion measurements and laboratory erosion measurements.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yinuo Yao, Oliver B. Fringer, Craig S. Criddle
Summary: This study used computational fluid dynamic simulations to investigate the flow behavior in anaerobic fluidized-bed reactors, with a focus on the impact of bed expansion and particle size on mass transfer. The results suggest that optimizing bed expansion within a specific range and constraining the Archimedes number of fluidized particles can enhance mass transfer efficiency.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Grace Chang, Galen Egan, Joseph D. McNeil, Samuel McWilliams, Craig Jones, Frank Spada, Stephen Monismith, Oliver Fringer
Summary: The study shows that near-bed physical forcing and particle responses vary by season, with the most prominent effects observed in summer and winter. Specific tau(char) values have been identified as driving changes in particle characteristics during different seasons, suggesting the importance of parameterizing tau(char) in sediment transport models.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xuanting Hao, Jie Wu, Justin S. Rogers, Oliver B. Fringer, Lian Shen
Summary: In this study, a new method is proposed to simulate the interaction between complex surface waves and large amplitude internal solitary waves. The model is based on a high-order spectral method and an internal wave solver, and it has been validated through convergence tests and simulations of different scenarios.
Article
Oceanography
Galen Egan, Grace Chang, Andrew J. Manning, Stephen Monismith, Oliver Fringer
Summary: This study conducted field work and collected data in a wave- and current-driven estuarine environment to examine cohesive sediment flocculation dynamics. The study found that the factors driving floc size variability differed between locally sourced sediment and suspended sediment advected from upstream. The analysis also revealed seasonal variability in these trends and presented evidence of a relationship between floc size and the inverse turbulent Schmidt number.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yinuo Yao, Edward Biegert, Bernhard Vowinckel, Thomas Koellner, Eckart Meiburg, Sivaramakrishnan Balachandar, Craig S. Criddle, Oliver B. Fringer
Summary: We present a collocated-grid framework for direct numerical simulations of polydisperse particles submerged in a viscous fluid. The method accurately simulates complex fluid dynamics phenomena, such as particle interactions and behavior of fluidized beds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Akshay Patil, Oliver Fringer
Summary: This study presents direct numerical simulation results of a wave-current boundary layer in a current-dominated flow regime and explores the effects of different wall types on turbulence properties. The findings suggest that bumpy walls have a significant impact on turbulence characteristics even under weakly energetic wave conditions.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Justin S. Rogers, Frederick T. Mayer, Kristen A. Davis, Oliver B. Fringer
Summary: This study presents a modeling study of internal tides propagating around an idealized island. It shows that subcritical slope has the greatest potential for creating favorable conditions for benthic organisms through enhanced upwelling. These findings are important for understanding the propagation of internal waves and the characteristics of water flow around islands.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Young R. Yi, Jeffrey R. Koseff
Summary: We studied the effects of pressure-strain correlations on turbulent kinetic energy in stratified turbulence. As stratification increases, the importance of pressure-strain correlations in producing vertical turbulent kinetic energy also increases. At a certain stratification strength, there is a balance between direct production and pressure-strain correlations, resulting in the maximum value of the mixing coefficient. However, when stratification is greatly increased, pressure-strain correlations become the dominant source of turbulent kinetic energy, while direct production becomes negligible. This transition in the mixing coefficient is accompanied by a sign change of the pressure scrambling term in the vertical density flux budget.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Saksham Gakhar, Jeffrey R. Koseff, Nicholas T. Ouellette
Summary: We present a method to extract the surface expressions of underwater features by analyzing the spatially resolved surface slope field using continuous wavelet transforms. Our technique performs well even when the surface is perturbed with wind, and the motion of these features suggests that they may be useful for surface velocimetry.
EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Laura K. Clark, Michelle H. DiBenedetto, Nicholas T. Ouellette, Jeffrey R. Koseff
Summary: This study presents experimental results showing that non-spherical particles in a wave-current flow exhibit higher dispersion, which is influenced by particle shape and volume. The increase in dispersion cannot be solely explained by the increase in transport distance.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Young R. Yi, Jeffrey R. Koseff
Summary: In this study, we revisit and extend the turbulent Froude number scaling for the mixing coefficient by incorporating the effects of mean shear. Through the use of different datasets and simulations, we propose a revised scaling that better applies to vertically sheared turbulence with stable stratification, while also considering additional effects such as radiative heating/cooling and changes in shear direction.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Hayoon Chung, Jeffrey R. Koseff
Summary: This study investigates the impact of canopy mixing layers on wind-driven wildfire spread. By conducting experiments with a model vegetation canopy and thermally buoyant plumes, the study examines the influence of canopy-induced shear and turbulence on buoyant plume trajectories. The results show that increasing canopy turbulence leads to stronger vertical oscillatory motion and variability in the plume trajectory/position. Additionally, the study finds that the canopy coherent structures at the plume source determine the intensity and frequency of plume oscillation.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Young R. Yi, Jeffrey R. Koseff
Summary: In this study, three types of homogeneous, shear-forced, stably stratified turbulence were examined in a triply periodic domain, covering a wide range of stratification strengths. It was found that the turbulence generation mechanism has a significant effect on the mixing coefficient, and different turbulence generation scenarios result in different mixing coefficients. Furthermore, for very strong stratification, the mixing coefficient begins to decrease, which is associated with the difference between the vertical component of turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent potential energy, as well as the increase in the magnitude of the pressure scrambling term. These findings highlight the importance of considering the turbulence generation mechanism in understanding the mixing characteristics of stably stratified turbulence.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
