Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Andrea Costa, Giacomo Rosa, Sebastiano Salvidio
Summary: Two species of forest-dwelling salamanders in Italy, Salamandrina perspicillata and Speleomantes strinatii, exhibit interference competition rather than exploitative competition. The foraging activity of the smaller species, S. perspicillata, is negatively affected by the presence of the larger species. This competitive interaction is size mediated.
Article
Biology
Ilias Berberi, Eliot T. Miller, Roslyn Dakin
Summary: Sociality can have both positive and negative effects on competition in ecological networks, depending on the context. In this study, we used a large dataset of bird interactions at backyard feeders to examine the relationship between sociality and dominance hierarchies. We found that solitary species are more likely to displace opponents in one-on-one contests, but social species gain a competitive advantage when in the presence of conspecifics. Additionally, social species have fewer dominance interactions with heterospecifics and more with conspecifics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Stina Borchers, Jil Carl, Katharina Schormair, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Mohammed Asker, Christian E. Edvardsson, Elisabeth Jerlhag, Karolina P. Skibicka
Summary: Studies show that contrary to the common notion that female rats are not aggressive, female rats also exhibit aggressive behavior outside of maternal context and find winning in aggressive interactions rewarding. This reward is similar to that experienced by male rats and is dopamine-dependent.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Jeremias N. Brand, Luke J. Harmon, Lukas Schaerer
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between sex allocation and reproductive behavior in hermaphroditic flatworms. The study finds that hypodermic insemination leads to a more female-biased sex allocation and is associated with selfing or biparental inbreeding. Additionally, a trade-off between male and female reproduction is observed, as well as a correlation between morphological indicators and sex allocation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jared Kehe, Anthony Ortiz, Anthony Kulesa, Jeff Gore, Paul C. Blainey, Jonathan Friedman
Summary: The study used an ultrahigh-throughput coculture platform to measure interactions among 20 soil bacteria in 40 carbon environments, finding that positive interactions were prevalent and primarily occurred as parasitisms between strains with differing carbon consumption profiles. In 85% of cases, non-growing strains were promoted by strongly growing strains, suggesting a simple positive interaction-mediated approach for cultivation, microbiome engineering, and microbial consortium design.
Article
Fisheries
Ievgen Lebeda, Marek Rodina, David Gela, Sidika Sakali, Sahana Shivaramu, Martin Flajshans
Summary: Gynogenetic progeny of sterlet Acipenser ruthenus were obtained by inseminating eggs with UV-inactivated sperm followed by meiotic restoration of ploidy by heat shock. The sex ratio of female sterlet was found to be 65.2%, which is in line with the current hypothesis of female heterogametic sex determination but lower than the reported female ratio in sturgeon gynogenetic progeny.
AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Tao Wang, Zhi Li, Zhao-Xi Yu, Zhong-Wei Wang, Zong-Qiang Lian, Wen-Xuan Du, Xin Zhao, Ming-Tao Wang, Chun Miao, Miao Ding, Yang Wang, Li Zhou, Xiao-Juan Zhang, Xi-Yin Li, Jian-Fang Gui
Summary: This study developed an optimal method for artificial gynogenesis in Lanzhou catfish and revealed the XY/XX sex determination system in this species, obtaining YY males through self-fertilization which can be used for future production of all-male population in aquaculture.
Article
Fisheries
Shiming Dai, Yulin Zhou, Xinfen Guo, Min Liu, Tao Wang, Zhi Li, Dong Han, Jie Mei, Zhongwei Wang, Jianfang Gui
Summary: This study revealed the male heterogametic XX/XY sex determination system in Longsnout catfish, and developed applicable sex-specific markers for production of all-male population in aquaculture.
Article
Entomology
Lei Nie, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Yuling Li, Hao Ran, Suhang Wang, Lei Wang, Yijuan Xu
Summary: The invasive species W. auropunctata has shown competitive advantages over resident ants in southern China, especially in terms of food and space resources, potentially leading to the replacement of some native ant species.
Article
Entomology
Mark Janowiecki, Edward L. Vargo
Summary: In the subterranean termite ecosystem, different species share decomposing wood resources and partition them through differential foraging activity in response to different environmental conditions. The study shows that termites have different foraging preferences under varying climatic conditions, indicating a potential resource utilization strategy for their coexistence.
Article
Biology
Joanna L. Rifkin, Solomiya Hnatovska, Meng Yuan, Bianca M. Sacchi, Baharul Choudhury, Yunchen Gong, Pasi Rastas, Spencer C. H. Barrett, Stephen Wright
Summary: There is growing evidence for sex differences in the genomic landscape of recombination, but the causes and consequences of these differences are still poorly understood. This study provides evidence and characterization of sex differences in recombination landscape in a dioecious plant, suggesting that pre-existing differences in recombination may have contributed to sex chromosome formation and divergence.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Wenzhi Guan, Xiaojun Xu, Wei Zhan, Baolong Niu, Bao Lou
Summary: This study established a procedure for inducing gynogenesis and identified the sex determination system (XX-XY) of Opsariichthys bidens, which is important for the development of mono-sex breeding.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Sana Romdhane, Ayme Spor, Julie Aubert, David Bru, Marie-Christine Breuil, Sara Hallin, Arnaud Mounier, Sarah Ouadah, Myrto Tsiknia, Laurent Philippot
Summary: This study utilized a top-down manipulation approach to investigate the role of biotic interactions in shaping soil microbial communities, revealing the importance of such interactions and identifying microbial community assembly rules. Modified biotic interactions had a greater impact on activities related to nitrogen cycling than carbon cycling, providing insights into microbial interactions in complex ecosystems and their relationship with ecosystem function.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Ryosuke Iritani, Stuart A. West, Jun Abe
Summary: Hamilton's theory of local mate competition explains female-biased sex ratios in various organisms, but in some wasp species, the bias is more extreme than predicted. Research shows that cooperation between related females can result in even more female-biased sex ratios, especially when cooperation occurs between mothers and offspring before dispersal. This suggests that additional factors, such as cooperative interactions, play a role in determining sex ratio biases in certain species.
Article
Biology
Maria Kalambokidis, Michael Travisano
Summary: The origin of multicellularity transformed the adaptive landscape on Earth and opened up diverse opportunities for further innovation. This study explores how interspecific competition shapes the emergence of multicellularity, and finds that it slows down the transition and impacts community composition. Multicellular organisms emerge first and dominate populations in monocultures faster than in co-cultures, and the competitive dynamics between species shift following the transition.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
