Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhihua Chen, Jingxin Chen, Yansheng Du, Yutong Zhang, Zhilu Zhen, Yongqi Liu, Linshan Zhan
Summary: To address the issues of river sand shortage and construction waste pollution, this study proposes the use of tailings and recycled aggregate concrete (TRAC) in concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns. Six full-scale TRAC filled square steel tube (TRACFST) columns were tested under different loads and verified using finite element method (FEM). The study analyzes the failure mode, hysteresis curves, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation based on experimental data. The TRACFST columns exhibit excellent seismic performance with a minor difference in peak bearing capacity and an increase in ductility coefficient with higher RAC substitution rate.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed Hechmi El Ouni, Ali Raza
Summary: The study proposes finite element models, empirical models, and artificial neural network models to predict the axial strength of steel-tube concrete-filled CFRP-confined NSC columns. The accuracy of the FEM, empirical, and ANN models for axial strength prediction was found to be 94%, 87%, and 92% respectively.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Sun-Hang Ji, Wen-Da Wang, Wei Xian, Yan-Li Shi
Summary: This paper experimentally investigates the cyclic behavior of steel-reinforced concrete-filled steel tubular (SRCFST) columns. It is found that columns with circular cross-sections exhibit better performance under cyclic loading compared to those with square cross-sections. The steel section type has a negligible influence on seismic behavior, but as the axial load ratio increases, the ductility factor and ultimate load of the columns moderately decrease.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
M. H. Lai, Y. H. Lin, Y. Y. Jin, Q. Fei, Z. C. Wang, J. C. M. Ho
Summary: Using steel slag as a substitute for natural aggregates in concrete production can address environmental issues caused by the depletion of natural aggregates and the disposal of slag. The use of steel slag-filled steel tubes enhances the strength and stiffness of the concrete. Experimental results showed that replacing 50% of natural coarse or fine aggregate with steel slag increased compressive strength but decreased flowability. Additionally, SSCFST columns exhibited superior mechanical behavior compared to traditional CFST columns, especially when externally confined.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Peng Dai, Lu Yang, Jie Wang, Keyang Ning, Yi Gang
Summary: Concrete-filled square stainless steel tubes (CFSSST) have great potential in constructional applications due to their large flexural stiffness, high corrosion resistance, and low maintenance cost. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental and numerical study on CFSSST stub columns, investigating their ultimate capacities and comparing results with design guides. The study suggests improved calculation methods that provide more accurate estimations of the ultimate resistances of CFSSST stub columns, validated by comparison with test results.
STEEL AND COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Payam Sarir, Huanjun Jiang, Panagiotis G. Asteris, Antonio Formisano, Danial Jahed Armaghani
Summary: This study used finite element analysis to simulate circular and square CFST columns filled with high-strength concrete and reinforced with a cross-shaped plate. The results showed that the cross-shaped plate could improve the axial strength of both types of CFST columns, but had a negative effect on the structural performance of square CFST columns. Opening up the cross-shaped plate further improved the bearing capacity of circular CFST columns.
Article
Mechanics
Jun-Jie Zeng, Sheng-Da Liang, Yong-Long Li, Yong-Chang Guo, Guo-Yi Shan
Summary: The study proposes the use of FRP jackets to strengthen ECFST columns, with experimental results showing that increasing FRP thickness enhances the elastic stiffness and ultimate axial load of the columns; the performance of FCECFST columns is significantly better than conventional ECFST columns. A new model for ultimate axial stress and strain is introduced, with verification demonstrating its accuracy.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wentao Li, Xiaoxiong Zha, Haiyang Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a unified formula for determining the strength of composite columns with different sections and load boundary conditions, which meets the demands of research and engineering design. The elastic deformation of circular STCC columns is analytically derived, and then extended to encompass polygonal sections, resulting in a unified formula. The influence of load boundary conditions on the confined effect of the core concrete is quantified through simplification and adjustment.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qiyun Qiao, Jiafeng Li, Zhaoyuan Yang, Wanlin Cao, Jing Yang, Wenwen Zhang
Summary: The paper investigates the axial compressive behavior of concrete-filled stainless-carbon steel tube (CFSCT) stub columns, revealing that increasing the wall thickness of the carbon steel tube significantly improves the ultimate strength and residual strength of the columns. Additionally, an increase in concrete strength has a significant impact on the ultimate strength of the specimens.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yang Wei, Chao Zhu, Kunting Miao, Kaiqi Zheng, Yu Tang
Summary: A new composite column structure was studied, showing that the ultimate strength of the specimens was positively related to the number of FRP layers, diameter of the FRP tube, and thickness of the steel tube. The installation of the FRP tube had a more significant strengthening effect on columns with thinner steel tubes.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhenzhen Liu, Yiyan Lu, Shan Li, Jiancong Liao
Summary: The study found that SRCFST columns exhibit similar shear behavior to ordinary CFST columns, with shear resistance decreasing as the shear span ratio increases and flexural strength showing an increasing trend. Applying axial compression or thickening the steel tube can provide an adequate safety margin during the plastic period.
ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zheng Zhou, Xuhong Zhou, Biao Yan, Dan Gan
Summary: Compared to the extensive research on the compressive or flexural behavior of stiffened square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns, very few studies have been conducted on their shear behavior. Recent experimental results have demonstrated that the cyclic-shear behavior of CFST columns, especially those stiffened by diagonal ribs, welded on the adjacent sides of a square tube, exhibited significant improvement. This study uses detailed finite element analysis and parametric analysis to explore the shear mechanism and shear contribution of each component in the stiffened CFST column. The developed analysis method and established shear model accurately predict the shear strength of both stiffened and unstiffened square CFST columns.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dongming Huang, Zhenzhen Liu, Wentao Ma, Yiyan Lu, Shan Li
Summary: This paper proposes a new composite column-steel fiber-reinforced recycled concrete-filled GFRP tube (SFRACFFT) column and investigates its axial compressive performance. The results show that increasing the GFRP tube thickness and adding an appropriate amount of steel fibers can improve the axial stress of the column. Additionally, replacing all natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate reduces the peak stress.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Civil
Lucas Ribeiro dos Santos, Rodrigo Barreto Caldas, Lucas Figueiredo Grilo, Hermes Carvalho, Ricardo Hallal Fakury
Summary: This study aims to clarify the behavior of bolted shear connectors applied in regions subject to concrete bearing failure, by compiling an experimental database, conducting a numerical study, and performing a parametric analysis, resulting in better results than other currently used procedures.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cheng Zhao, Yunfeng Li, Qianqian Lu
Summary: This paper introduces concrete columns with inclined honeycomb stiffened rib steel tubes and investigates their seismic performance. It proposes three special shaped columns to improve the overall force capacity of steel tube concrete columns while saving steel.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Anselmo L. Carneiro, Enson L. Portela, Tulio N. Bittencourt, Andre T. Beck, Hermes Carvalho
Summary: This paper evaluates the service life and reliability indexes of longitudinal and transverse reinforcements of concrete girders in bridge designs. It is found that reliability indexes for longitudinal reinforcements tend to decrease with the increase of span length/girder height ratio, while reliability indexes for stirrups tend to increase with the introduction of intermediate crossbeams.
STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andre T. Beck, Lucas da Rosa Ribeiro, Marcos Valdebenito, Hector Jensen
Summary: This paper addresses the optimal design of regular plane frames under element loss conditions using a risk-based formulation. The study explores the cost-benefit of strengthening compared to usual design for different frame configurations, and analyzes the impact of strengthening extent and cost. The risk-based optimization reveals the optimal compromise points between competing failure modes for frames of different aspect ratios.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Wellison Jose de Santana Gomes, Alexandre Galiani Garmbis, Andre Teofilo Beck
Summary: This paper proposes a hybrid approach to solve highly nonlinear time-variant reliability problems through the combination of Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS), First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) and a root-finding method. The approach achieves efficiency by classifying initial crack size samples and computing non-zero probabilities, and solves the optimization problem based on information acquired from a single Monte Carlo run. The proposed approach demonstrates efficiency and convergence to reference solutions.
STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Leandro F. Fadel Miguel, Rafael Holdorf Lopez, Andre Jacomel Torii, Andre T. Beck
Summary: Pendulum-tuned mass dampers (PTMDs) are attractive for controlling horizontal vibrations in buildings. The Folded Pendulum Tuned Mass Dampers (FPTMDs) provide a solution to reduce the required space while retaining advantages. This article performs a reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) study of multiple FPTMDs installed in a tall building, showing that multiple FPTMDs are more reliable.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gabriel Padilha Alves, Leandro F. Fadel Miguel, Rafael Holdorf Lopez, Andre T. Beck
Summary: This study presents a novel approach to analyzing the reliability of guyed transmission line towers (TLTs), considering various factors such as geometric and material non-linear analyses, bolt slippage effects, and progressive collapse simulation. The results demonstrate the importance of accurate numerical models in retrofit evaluations and show that the proposed analysis framework is accurate and efficient. The study also provides evidence for the need to retrofit certain towers based on failure probabilities obtained using code resistance models. However, collapse simulation shows that the support is still safe even for updated wind speeds.
STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Leandro F. Fadel Miguel, Rafael Holdorf Lopez, Andre Jacomel Torii, Andre T. Beck
Summary: This study focuses on the reliability-based optimization (RBDO) of single and multiple pendulum-tuned mass dampers (PTMDs) for steel buildings in Chile, considering uncertainties in ground motion and mechanical model parameters. Results show that classical closed-form expressions can be successfully employed for single PTMDs with higher mass ratios, and optimization for double PTMDs scenario leads to similar performance with advantages in installation and maintenance processes.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Lucas A. Rodrigues da Silva, Andre J. Torii, Andre T. Beck
Summary: Optimization leads to specialized structures which are not robust to disturbance events like unanticipated abnormal loading or human errors. Typical reliability-based and robust optimization mainly address objective aleatory uncertainties. To date, the impact of subjective epistemic uncertainties in optimal design has not been comprehensively investigated.
PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Humberto Brambila de Salles, Leandro F. Fadel Miguel, Marcos Souza Lenzi, Rafael Holdorf Lopez, Andre Teofilo Beck
Summary: Performance-Based Design (PBD) optimization has been widely used to minimize costs in regular small-scale structural systems. However, studies on irregular buildings are scarce, even though they may have higher seismic vulnerability. This paper presents an original framework for PBD optimization of irregular buildings subjected to seismic excitations, handling thousands of DOFs and dozens of discrete design variables.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Andre T. Beck, Lucas A. Rodrigues da Silva, Leandro F. F. Miguel
Summary: The safety of structural systems is influenced by various non-structural factors such as social, political, financial, organizational, behavioral aspects, etc. These factors introduce significant uncertainties that need to be addressed in the design optimization process. In this manuscript, a procedure is formalized to handle these non-technical factors and/or epistemic uncertainties in structural design optimization. Latent failure probabilities, subjective point-estimates capturing non-technical factors and/or epistemic uncertainties, are suggested to be incorporated into the nominal member failure probabilities calculated from objective technical uncertainties. The importance of considering these latent failure probabilities in robust and risk-based design optimization is emphasized.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Leandro F. Fadel Miguel, Rafael Holdorf Lopez, Hermes Carvalho, Andre T. Beck
Summary: Alternative Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) configurations, such as Folded-Pendulum TMDs (FPTMDs) and Friction Dampers (FDs), have been proposed as effective solutions for performance improvement and maintenance in structures subjected to stochastic excitation. However, there is a lack of comprehensive literature on Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) studies for PTMDs or Folded-PTMDs with FDs. This paper presents an original RBDO of single and multiple Friction-Folded-PTMDs in buildings under wind and seismic loadings, employing a complete nonlinear description and an active-learning Kriging-based Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) procedure. The results demonstrate the advantages of using Friction-FPTMDs over classical TMDs in terms of control strategy performance and practical benefits.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Wellison Jose de Santana Gomes, Andre Teofilo Beck, Alexandre Galiani Garmbis
Summary: This paper proposes a modified adaptive RK method for simultaneous crack growth computations with different time-step discretizations, which efficiently handles cases where discontinuities are present in the derivative of the crack growth curve. Application of the proposed method to three crack propagation examples, including one related to weld flaws in pipes, shows that it is as accurate as other adaptive methods from the literature, while requiring only a fraction of the computational time.
PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Leandro F. Fadel Miguel, Fabio Alminhana, Jherbyson Williams Silva Brito, David Madeira Sousa, Andre T. Beck
Summary: The design of transmission lines is typically based on the Load and Resistance Factor Design approach, which takes into account climatic actions like wind and ice. However, reports have shown that strong ground motions can still cause significant damage to transmission line towers, affecting their ability to withstand future load events. Therefore, there is a need to integrate the concepts of Performance-Based and Multi-Hazard Design to improve the resilience of transmission lines. This study aims to perform a multi-hazard assessment of a Chilean 230kV transmission line segment, using advanced analysis techniques and accounting for uncertainties in loads and material properties.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Andre T. Beck, Lucas da Rosa Ribeiro, Luis G. L. Costa, Mark G. Stewart
Summary: A current challenge in Structural Engineering is to identify a robustness index for the design of structures subjected to low-probability high-consequence load events. The proposed robustness indices in literature have not been comprehensively scrutinized and previous comparisons have been limited to simple academic examples, providing little guidance for practical design. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of two risk-based robustness indices for regular frame structures subjected to abnormal loads, considering different aspect ratios, hazard-independent and hazard-dependent scenarios. The results suggest that the robustness index of Baker, Schubert and Faber performs better for conventional and APM-strengthened codified designs, while the Praxedes, Yuan and He robustness index is less sensitive but more suitable for describing structures resulting from risk-based optimization.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Andre T. Beck, Mark G. Stewart
Summary: Strengthening building structures to reduce the likelihood of collapse due to abnormal loads has a significant impact on construction costs. This manuscript presents a risk-based cost-benefit analysis for optimal design options in buildings subject to blast hazards.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mark G. Stewart, Sebastian Thons, Andre T. Beck
Summary: Attacks on infrastructure using improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have long been a common tactic of terrorism. Understanding the risk and consequences of such attacks is crucial for effective protection of infrastructure. This paper presents a probabilistic risk assessment that considers terrorist threats and hazards, vulnerability assessment, and consequences assessment, providing decision analysis for optimal risk reduction and design strategies.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Renbing An, Jiacong Yuan, Yi Pan, Duhang Yi
Summary: Traditional timber structures built on sloped land are more susceptible to seismic damage compared to structures built on flat land. The upper portion of the structure is found to be the weak point on sloped land, with potential issues such as tenon failure and column foot sliding.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Elyas Bayat, Federica Tubino
Summary: The current design guidelines for assessing floor vibration performance do not consider the influence of variability in the walking path on the dynamic response of floors. This study investigates the dynamic response of floors under a single pedestrian walking load, taking into account the randomness of the walking path and load. The effectiveness of the current guidelines in predicting floor response is critically assessed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gao Ma, Chunxu Hou, Hyeon-Jong Hwang, Linghui Chen, Zhenhao Zhang
Summary: Minimizing earthquake damage and improving repair efficiency are the main principles of resilient structures. This study proposed a repairable column with UHPC segments and replaceable energy dissipaters. The test results showed that the columns with UHPC segments and replaceable dissipaters exhibited high strength, deformation capacity, and energy dissipation.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kartheek S. M. Sonti, Pavan Kumar Penumakala, Suresh Kumar Reddy Narala, S. Vincent
Summary: In this study, the compressive behavior of alumina hollow particles reinforced aluminum matrix syntactic foams (AMSF) was investigated using analytical, numerical, and experimental methods. The results showed that the FE solver ABAQUS could accurately predict the elastic and elastio-plastic behavior of AMSFs. The study also suggested that FE models have great potential in developing new materials and composites under compression loading.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zheqi Peng, Xin Wang, Zhishen Wu
Summary: In this study, the statistical modeling of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) cables using the classic fiber bundle model is explored. The study considers important features of large-scale multi-tendon FRP cables, such as initial random slack and uneven tensile deformation among tendons. A parametric study and reliability analysis are conducted to predict the load-displacement relation and design thousand-meter-scale FRP cables. The study emphasizes the relation between the reliability index beta of the cable and the safety factor gamma of the FRP material.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yanchao Shi, Shaozeng Liu, Ye Hu, Zhong-Xian Li, Yang Ding
Summary: This paper introduces a damage assessment method for reinforced concrete (RC) columns under blast loading, using modal parameter measurement as the evaluation index. The validity of the proposed method is validated through numerical and experimental analysis. The results show that this modal-based damage assessment method is applicable for non-destructive evaluation of blast-induced damage of RC columns.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaolin Zou, Maosheng Gong, Zhanxuan Zuo, Qifang Liu
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient framework for assessing the collapse capacity of structures in earthquake engineering. The framework is based on an accurate equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (ESDOF) system, calibrated by a meta-heuristic optimization method. The proposed framework has been validated through case studies, confirming its accuracy and efficiency.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jie Hu, Weiping Wen, Chenyu Zhang, Changhai Zhai, Shunshun Pei, Zhenghui Wang
Summary: A deep learning-based rapid peak seismic response prediction model is proposed for the most common two-story and three-span subway stations. The model predicts the peak seismic responses of subway stations using a data-driven approach and limited information, achieving good predictive performance and generalization ability, and demonstrating significantly higher computational efficiency compared to numerical simulation methods.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jin Ho Lee, Jeong-Rae Cho
Summary: A simplified model is proposed to estimate the earthquake responses of a rectangular liquid storage tank considering the fluid-structure interactions. The complex three-dimensional structural behavior of the tank is represented by a combination of fundamental modes of a rectangular-ring-shaped frame structure and a cantilever beam. The system's governing equation is derived, and earthquake responses such as deflection, hydrodynamic pressure, base shear, and overturning moment are obtained from the solution.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
W. J. Lewis, J. M. Russell, T. Q. Li
Summary: The work discusses the key features and advantages of optimal 2-pin arches shaped by statistically prevalent load and constant axial stress. It extends the design space of symmetric arches to cover asymmetric forms and provides minimum values of constant stress for form-finding of such arches made of different materials. The analysis shows that constant stress arches exhibit minimal stress response and have potential implications for sustainability and durability of future infrastructure.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wen-ming Zhang, Han-xu Zou, Jia-qi Chang, Tian-cheng Liu
Summary: Saddle position is crucial in the construction and control of suspension bridges. This study proposes an analytical approach to estimate the saddle positions in the completed bridge state and discusses the calculation under different definitions. The relationship between the saddle position and the tower's centerline is analyzed, along with the eccentric compression of the tower. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified through a real-life suspension bridge.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shaise K. John, Alessio Cascardi, Yashida Nadir
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the use of TRM material for reinforcing concrete columns. The results showed that increasing the number of textile layers effectively increased the axial strength. Additionally, the choice of fiber type and hybrid textile configuration also had a significant impact on strength improvement. A new design model that considers the effects of both the confining matrix and textile was proposed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chandrashekhar Lakavath, S. Suriya Prakash
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the shear behavior of post-tensioned UHPFRC girders, considering factors such as prestress level, fiber volume fraction, and types of steel fibers. The results showed that increasing prestress and fiber dosage could enhance the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the girders, reduce crack angle, and increase shear cracking load.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Vahid Goodarzimehr, Siamak Talatahari, Saeed Shojaee, Amir H. Gandomi
Summary: In this paper, an Improved Marine Predators Algorithm (IMPA) is proposed for size and shape optimization of truss structures subject to natural frequency constraints. The results indicate that IMPA performs better in solving these nonlinear structural optimization problems compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chun-Xu Qu, Jin-Zhao Jiang, Ting-Hua Yi, Hong-Nan Li
Summary: In this paper, a computer vision-based method is proposed to monitor the deformation and displacement of building structures by obtaining 3D coordinates of surface feature points. The method can acquire a large number of 3D coordinates in a noncontact form, improve the flexibility and density of measurement point layout, and is simple and cost-effective to operate.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
