Article
Energy & Fuels
Guanyi Chen, Xiaoshan Dong, Beibei Yan, Jian Li, Kunio Yoshikawa, Liguo Jiao
Summary: Tar elimination is a bottleneck in the industrial application of gasification, but photothermal catalysis shows potential in improving tar removal efficiency and reducing reaction temperature. Photothermal steam reforming significantly enhances toluene conversion and suppresses carbon deposition and agglomeration, promoting the formation of gaseous products.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ivan Sampron, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Maria T. Izquierdo
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different iron content oxygen carriers on the performance of the BCLG system. The research indicates that oxygen carriers with varying iron levels exhibit similar gasification parameters and tar production under changes in oxygen-to-fuel ratio and fuel reactor temperature.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ningbo Gao, Jamilu Salisu, Cui Quan, Paul Williams
Summary: The gasification of biomass produces syngas for electricity generation and fuels production, but tar generated as a by-product causes issues. Catalytic steam reforming with nickel-based catalysts can convert tar into more syngas efficiently. Research has focused on modifying nickel-based catalysts to improve performance in steam tar reforming.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yukun Li, Paul T. Williams
Summary: In this study, high-density polyethylene was pyrolyzed and catalytically steam reformed to produce hydrogen-rich syngas. Different catalyst temperatures and steam inputs were optimized to achieve the highest syngas yield. Polyolefin plastics showed the highest syngas production, with biochar catalyst performing better than RDF char catalyst.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Cody Park, Rushikesh K. Joshi, Eric Falascino, Yaswanth Pottimurthy, Dikai Xu, Dawei Wang, Ashin Sunny, Soohwan Hwang, Anuj S. Joshi, Pinak Mohapatra, Sonu Kumar, Qiaochu Zhang, Qichang Meng, Vedant Shah, Andrew Tong, Liang-Shih Fan
Summary: This study proposes a robust Biomass to Syngas (BTS) chemical looping system for gasifying biomass into syngas, suitable for liquid fuel production. The system has been demonstrated successfully on a sub-pilot scale, proving its commercial viability. The system can effectively reduce tar concentration, achieve high-quality syngas, and decrease biomass requirement compared to conventional biomass gasifiers.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shuang Liang, Yanfen Liao, Weijie Li, Changxin Li, Xiaoqian Ma
Summary: This study investigates the application of core-shell structure oxygen carriers in biomass tar gasification and demonstrates their high-efficiency and clean characteristics. Under suitable conditions, the oxygen carriers significantly increase gas yield and carbon conversion efficiency. Moreover, they maintain stable performance even after cyclic experiments, indicating their potential as promising materials for chemical looping gasification.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Alexandra J. Frainetti, Naomi B. Klinghoffer
Summary: Biomass gasification to form syngas is a promising renewable energy production process. This review discusses the use of biochar as a catalyst to improve the generation of tars during the gasification process. It provides detailed information on the characteristics and catalytic function of biochar, and recommends further areas for research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Jie Ren, Jing-Pei Cao, Xiao-Yan Zhao, Yi-Ling Liu
Summary: In recent decades, the focus of research has shifted towards producing value-added chemicals from biomass through gasification into syngas for further conversion into various products. Heterogeneous catalyst design plays a crucial role in reducing tar formation during biomass gasification, with char and char-supported catalysts emerging as effective alternatives due to their chemical inertness, cost-effectiveness, and excellent pore structures. The modification and functionalization of char through doping and metal addition show potential for enhancing the activity of these catalysts in tar reforming, highlighting the importance of sustainable fuel development and green practices.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiang Li, Qian Wang, Yosuke Tsuboi, Jiansheng Zhang, Jizhen Liu
Summary: Steam reforming is an effective method to eliminate tar in the biomass gasification process, as shown in our pilot tests.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ivan Sampron, Arturo Cabello, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Maria T. Izquierdo, Luis F. de Diego
Summary: Biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) is a promising technique for producing renewable syngas with negative carbon emissions. In this study, a Cu-based oxygen carrier, Cu14Al_ICB, was tested for 45 hours using pine sawdust as fuel. Factors such as the oxygen-to-fuel ratio and gasification temperature were found to affect the syngas composition and gasification parameters. The Cu14Al_ICB oxygen carrier demonstrated excellent performance in terms of syngas yield, char gasification, tar removal, and mechanical properties throughout the experiment.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhongshun Sun, Bo Zhang, Rongjiang Zhang, XiangYang Mao, Jianxuan Shang, Bolun Yang, Zhiqiang Wu
Summary: This paper proposes a chemical looping reforming (CLR) of volatiles from biomass pyrolysis based on a decoupling strategy to convert macromolecular volatiles into hydrogen-rich syngas. A highly active and selective oxygen carrier (OC) SBA-15 encapsulating LaFexM1-xO3 (M = Ni, Cu, Co) for the biomass CLR process was developed. Experimental results showed that the encapsulation effect improved the dispersion and reaction performance of the metal oxide.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lole Jurado, Vasiliki Papaefthimiou, Sebastien Thomas, Anne-Cecile Roger
Summary: In this study, La-based perovskite-supported Ni materials were synthesized and evaluated for their catalytic performance in tar reforming during biomass gasification. While both Ni/LSCF and Ni-LSCF showed similar catalytic stability and activity in tar reforming, Ni-LSCF exhibited better performance in water gas shift reaction and resistance to coke formation.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ming Luo, Ruicong Shen, Yanjun Qin, Honglin Liu, Yiran He, Qingrui Wang, Junfeng Wang
Summary: In this study, the chemical looping reforming (CLR) of toluene was investigated using 6Ni, 4Ni2Cu, and 4Ni2Fe as oxygen carriers (OCs) at different temperatures and steam/carbon molar ratios (S/C). Experimental results showed that the metal OCs had a dual-function of oxidation-catalysis for CLR of toluene. Among the three OCs, 4Ni2Fe exhibited the best carbon deposition resistance and demonstrated stable performance during 10 cyclic experiments, making it the most ideal OC for the CLR of toluene.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Wen Tang, Jing-Pei Cao, Zi-Meng He, Wei Jiang, Zhi-Hao Wang, Xiao-Yan Zhao
Summary: Catalytic tar reforming is a promising technology for converting tar into syngas and chemicals. This review focuses on the catalyst design and preparation for low-temperature reforming of biomass tar, and discusses the adjustment of catalyst structure, deactivation mechanism, and reforming mechanism.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Maria Cortazar, Jon Alvarez, Leire Olazar, Laura Santamaria, Gartzen Lopez, Heidi Isabel Villafan-Vidales, Asier Asueta, Martin Olazar
Summary: The performance of olivine, dolomite, and gamma-alumina primary catalysts was evaluated in continuous tar elimination process. Iron incorporation improved their catalytic activity, with Fe/Al2O3 exhibiting the highest conversion and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoyun Li, Anders Lyngfelt, David Pallares, Carl Linderholm, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: This study investigates the effect of volatile distributor on the lateral distribution of volatiles in a fluidized bed under different operational conditions. The results show that a volatile distributor with uneven hole arrangements can provide a more uniform horizontal distribution of volatiles, suitable for different fluidization regimes.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Daofeng Mei, Amir H. Soleimanisalim, Anders Lyngfelt, Henrik Leion, Carl Linderholm, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: Manganese ore EB exhibits higher reactivity with syngas but lower reaction rate with CH4 compared to other manganese ores. Improving the contact between volatiles and bed material is crucial for enhancing combustion performance in the CLC process.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nasrin Nemati, Yukari Tsuji, Tobias Mattisson, Magnus Ryden
Summary: This study investigated the conversion of gaseous fuels during chemical looping combustion (CLC) in a packed fluidized reactor. The use of packings was found to improve the fuel conversion by enhancing gas-solid mass transfer, mainly due to the reduced bubble size. The results were consistent for different fuels, packings, and bed heights.
Article
Thermodynamics
Emil O. Lidman Olsson, Peter Glarborg, Henrik Leion, Kim Dam-Johansen, Hao Wu
Summary: This study investigated the release mechanism of phosphorus (P) to the gas phase during the carbothermic reduction of meta-, pyro-, and ortho-phosphates commonly found in biomass. It was found that alkaline earth phosphates were reduced in steps, while alkali metaphosphates were reduced in one step, producing an intermediate phosphite. These findings are important for understanding the release of P in biomass combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification processes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pietro Bartocci, Alberto Abad, Tobias Mattisson, Arturo Cabello, Margarita de las Obras Loscertales, Teresa Mendiara Negredo, Mauro Zampilli, Andrea Taiana, Angela Serra, Inmaculada Arauzo, Cristobal Cortes, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg, Haiping Yang, Qing Yang, Wang Lu, Yingquan Chen, Francesco Fantozzi
Summary: Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is essential for achieving Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 5. Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is a cost-effective method for capturing CO2. This review aims to summarize key highlights in the field and propose an optimization procedure for designing pressurized chemical looping reactors coupled with turbo expanders for power production with carbon negative emissions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fredrik Hildor, Amir H. Soleimanisalim, Martin Seemann, Tobias Mattisson, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigates the effect of using steel converter slag as an oxygen-carrying bed material on tar species generated in a dual fluidized bed biomass gasifier. The findings suggest that steel converter slag possesses catalytic properties, resulting in a decreased ratio of heavy tar components compared to ilmenite and sand. Temperature and fuel load have a significant effect on tar generation compared to the circulation and steam ratio.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ivana Stanicic, Emil Ola Lidman Olsson, Hao Wu, Peter Glarborg, Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: In this study, the interaction between zinc compounds and ilmenite particles was investigated by exposing three types of ilmenites to gas-phase Zn and ZnCl2. The results showed that the gaseous conditions, particle ash layer composition, and iron availability played an important role in the interaction between zinc compounds and ilmenite particles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Tobias Mattisson, Marijke Jacobs, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) is a technology that separates the oxygen for fuel combustion using an oxygen carrier in a fuel reactor. This study investigates the behavior of Mn/Mg/Si system as oxygen carriers for CLOU. The most reactive oxygen carriers without Si in the structure were found to be M24Mg76 and M48Mg51. These carriers showed good reactivity and mechanical stability in a batch fluidized bed reactor.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Victor Purnomo, Ivana Stanicic, Daofeng Mei, Amir H. Soleimanisalim, Tobias Mattisson, Magnus Ryden, Henrik Leion
Summary: Iron sand, a by-product of the industry, has a reasonable iron content and low cost. It has been found that iron sand can be used as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping gasification (CLG), with an oxygen transfer capacity lower than ilmenite. Utilizing iron sand leads to higher conversion rates of pine forest residue char to CO and H2 compared to ilmenite. The study also presents novel findings on the crystalline phase transformation of iron sand at different oxidation levels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Emil O. Lidman Olsson, Daniel Schmid, Oskar Karlstrom, Kasper Enemark-Rasmussen, Henrik Leion, Songgeng Li, Peter Glarborg, Kim Dam-Johansen, Hao Wu
Summary: Biomass can be converted into heat, power, and biofuels through thermal conversion processes, but the presence of phosphorus in certain types of biomass can lead to operational or environmental issues when released. The mechanisms behind phosphorus release and high-temperature phosphorus chemistry need to be understood in order to efficiently recover phosphorus from biomass residues. This study investigated the release of phosphorus from wheat bran char and sunflower seed char under various gas environments and temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Muhammad Nauman Saeed, Mohammad Shahrivar, Gajanan Dattarao Surywanshi, Tharun Roshan Kumar, Tobias Mattisson, Amir H. Soleimanisalim
Summary: The second-generation bio aviation fuel production via Chemical Looping Gasification (CLG) combined with downstream Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is a possible way to decarbonize aviation sector. This study models the full chain process of biomass to liquid fuel (BtL) with LD-slag and Ilmenite as oxygen carriers using Aspen Plus software, validates the results with experiments, and conducts a techno-economic analysis of the process.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Joakim Brorsson, Viktor Rehnberg, Adam A. Arvidsson, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson, Anders Hellman
Summary: Chemical looping is an innovative technique that requires new oxygen carriers. To speed up the process of finding these carriers, we used a computational screening approach based on energetic data from the Open Quantum Materials Database. From an initial list of 300,000 materials, we narrowed down to 1,000 by filtering out rare, radioactive, toxic, or harmful elements. The highest ranking phases contain elements such as Cu, Mn, and Fe.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fredrik Hildor, Tobias Mattisson, Carl Linderholm, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigates the effect of adding small amounts of more reactive elements into steel converter slag, which improves its reactivity towards CO and CH4, and increases the conversion rate of benzene.
GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Daofeng Mei, Anders Lyngfelt, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a technology that can generate heat and power while capturing CO2. Using biomass in CLC (bio-CLC) allows for negative CO2 emissions. This study investigates the interaction between alkalis in biomass and the process, focusing on charcoal impregnated with alkali chlorides. The results show that impregnation with alkalis improves the gasification rate, with carbonates resulting in earlier and more permanent defluidization compared to chlorides. Partial agglomeration and retention of alkalis in the oxygen carrier are observed, with similar reactivity noticed with CH4 and H2.