Highly stable inverted organic photovoltaics using aluminum-doped zinc oxide as electron transport layers

In this paper, we demonstrate highly stable inverted bulk heterojunction organic solar cells using aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) as electron transport layers fabricated via a non-toxic so-gel process. The conductivity of the AZO layers can be enhanced fourfold as compared to that of intrinsic zinc oxide (ZnO) layers. The transmittance of AZO films is improved and the Haze value of the films is reduced by more than 50% in comparison to that of ZnO. The power conversion efficiency of the device reaches 6.51% and still has approximately 98% of the initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after over 900 h without encapsulation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.