Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Tobias Mattisson, Marijke Jacobs, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) is a technology that separates the oxygen for fuel combustion using an oxygen carrier in a fuel reactor. This study investigates the behavior of Mn/Mg/Si system as oxygen carriers for CLOU. The most reactive oxygen carriers without Si in the structure were found to be M24Mg76 and M48Mg51. These carriers showed good reactivity and mechanical stability in a batch fluidized bed reactor.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kun Wang, Fuqing Wang, Qingbo Yu, Martin van Sint Annaland, Ziyu Wang, Jiaze Xi, Yunwei Zhang, Meng Xue, Shijie Du
Summary: A Cu-Fe oxygen carrier with oxygen uncoupling capability was proposed for chemical-looping gasification to enhance gasification rate. The optimal molar ratio, oxygen transport capacity, and stability of the composite oxide were determined through experiments. The Cu-Fe OC exhibited good low-temperature oxygen uncoupling characteristics and stable behavior over multiple redox cycles.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shouxi Jiang, Laihong Shen, Jingchun Yan, Xin Niu, Bin Hu
Summary: The study investigated Cu-Fe bimetallic oxygen carriers (OCs) supported by SiO2, Al2O3, or hematite in a fluidized-bed reactor. It was found that CuFe-He and CuFe-Al OCs performed better than CuFe-Si OC, with the latter leading to deactivation due to irreversible interaction. Hematite was identified as an excellent support candidate for manufacturing Cu-Fe OCs. Additionally, maintaining a high O/C ratio and increasing reaction temperature above 850 degrees C promoted coal conversion efficiency in chemical looping combustion.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Hector Bautista, Maria Teresa Izquierdo, Pilar Gayan, Alberto Abad, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study investigated the influence of CuO fraction, preparation method, and calcination conditions on the performance of oxygen carriers for the CLOU process. Three oxygen carriers with good Cu activity, reactivity, and magnetism were selected for evaluation in a batch fluidized bed reactor. Both oxygen carriers exhibited high reactivity for gaseous oxygen release, sustained reactivity and magnetism with redox cycles, as well as low attrition rates and no agglomeration problems.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ali Ahmad, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, Md. Al-Mamun, Saiful Huque, Mohammad Ismail
Summary: This study prepared various oxygen carrier materials using the citrate gel technique and conducted research on the chemical-looping process, finding that the oxygen release rate varied under different experimental conditions after increasing the surface area.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Clemens F. Patzschke, Matthew E. Boot-Handford, Qilei Song, Paul S. Fennell
Summary: The study found that copper manganese spinel oxides are promising oxygen carriers for the CLOU and CLAS processes due to their high O-2 release capacity and fast release kinetics. Material properties of oxygen carriers can be improved by adjusting Cu:Mn ratios and synthesis conditions to optimize performance. After extended cycling tests, the oxygen carriers showed excellent stability and high resistance to attrition.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amr Abdalla, Mohanned Mohamedali, Nader Mahinpey
Summary: Modifying CuO/ZrO2 oxygen carriers by adding WO3 can significantly increase the oxygen capacity, promote the formation of Cu-W intermediate phases, and enhance the redox characteristics of the oxygen carriers. Samples synthesized via coimpregnation method show higher oxygen release capacity, with higher Cu/W ratio and larger crystallite structure.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ping Wang, Bret Howard, Nicholas Means
Summary: The study reveals that Fe40Cu20 and Fe20Cu40 oxygen carriers exhibit different performances under varying conditions, with Fe20Cu40 showing better results in CLOU compared to Fe40Cu20 in iG-CLC.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yousheng Lin, Zhifeng Hu, Ya Ge, Hanmin Xiao, Gang Zhang, Qing He
Summary: This study investigates the effect of alkaline-earth metals (AEMs) on the performance of CuO/ZrO2 oxygen carriers (OCs) and the chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process using wheat-derived hydrochars. The results show that modified Cu-based OCs have the same crystal phases as pure CuO/ZrO2 OCs, and no interaction is observed between them. AEMs catalytic effects increase the decomposition of wheat and hydrochar-235 in modified Cu-based OCs at 500°C. Additionally, Ca promotes reoxidation while Ba and Sr inhibit reoxidation. The study emphasizes the efficiency of using hydrothermal carbonization pretreatment with AEMs modification for CLOU using CuO-based OCs.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Guicai Liu, Grzegorz Lisak
Summary: This review summarizes the basic properties and opportunities of Cu-based OCs in various chemical looping processes. It covers the applications of Cu-based OCs in chemical looping combustion (CLC), chemical looping oxygen uncoupling (CLOU), chemical looping air separation (CLAS), chemical looping for syngas/H2 production, integrated CaO/CuO looping process, and thermochemical energy storage (TCES). The review also discusses the technical challenges and current strategies related to agglomeration, attrition, and ash accumulation. It provides insights and guidance for the design and development of Cu-based OCs and their applications in chemical looping processes.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jinze Dai, Kevin J. Whitty
Summary: In this study, the energy balance of a CuO-based CLC system firing various solid fuels was investigated, and a thermodynamic model was established. The results showed that the temperature difference between the FR and AR is not very sensitive to the heating value of the fuel, while factors such as CuO loading, support material heat capacity, and fluidizing gas flow rate have significant impacts.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Cao Kuang, Shuzhong Wang, Ming Luo, Jun Zhao
Summary: Copper oxide modified by chrysolite showed faster oxygen release rate, while limestone exerted positive effects on the oxidation process. The selected oxygen carriers could maintain stability for at least 20 cycles, and kinetic analysis could aid in the development of CLOU technologies.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yang Cao, Boshu He, Linbo Yan
Summary: This study prepared four oxygen carrier candidates for CLOU for the first time, finding that CuO/ZrO(2) prepared by the graphite impregnation method showed better reactivity and stability compared to others, with agglomeration and sintering of the carriers at high temperatures identified as the main cause of low reactivity over repeated cycles.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Young Ku, Chia-Wei Chang, Shr-Han Shiu, Hsuan-Chih Wu, Niels Michiel Moed
Summary: Cupric oxide (CuO) was proven to be a reliable oxygen carrier for chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU), showcasing consistent recyclability after 50 redox cycles. The reduction of CuO to generate Cu2O and oxygen was observed to be more efficient at higher temperatures, while the oxidation of Cu2O by air to generate CuO was hindered at elevated temperatures. The reduction rate of CuO/ZrO2 particles increased with temperature and decreased with particle size in a fixed bed reactor, while the activation energies for reduction and oxidation were determined to be 250.6 kJ/mol and 57.6 kJ/mol, respectively.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Changxin Li, Weijie Li, Yanfen Liao, Shuang Liang, Xiaoqian Ma
Summary: OU-CLG is a novel concept in the field of BCLG that optimizes traditional gas-solid reactions by introducing molecular oxygen. The results showed that the gasification performance is improved by Co doping, but is not positively correlated with the degree of oxygen uncoupling. Further characterizations revealed changes in the physical structure and reducibility due to Co doping, as well as the formation of disordered reactive oxygen species and oxygen uncoupling vacancies.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alberto Abad, Pilar Gayan, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Luis F. de Diego, Maria T. Izquierdo, Teresa Mendiara, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an innovative technology that combines fuel combustion with CO2 capture using oxygen carriers. This study investigated the performance of CuO/Al2O3 and Fe2O3/Al2O3 particles as oxygen carriers in a CLC unit, and developed a mathematical model to simulate their behavior. The model successfully predicted the combustion performance of these materials in both a smaller-scale unit and a larger-scale unit.
GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Emil O. Lidman Olsson, Peter Glarborg, Henrik Leion, Kim Dam-Johansen, Hao Wu
Summary: This study investigated the release mechanism of phosphorus (P) to the gas phase during the carbothermic reduction of meta-, pyro-, and ortho-phosphates commonly found in biomass. It was found that alkaline earth phosphates were reduced in steps, while alkali metaphosphates were reduced in one step, producing an intermediate phosphite. These findings are important for understanding the release of P in biomass combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification processes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fredrik Hildor, Amir H. Soleimanisalim, Martin Seemann, Tobias Mattisson, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigates the effect of using steel converter slag as an oxygen-carrying bed material on tar species generated in a dual fluidized bed biomass gasifier. The findings suggest that steel converter slag possesses catalytic properties, resulting in a decreased ratio of heavy tar components compared to ilmenite and sand. Temperature and fuel load have a significant effect on tar generation compared to the circulation and steam ratio.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ivana Stanicic, Emil Ola Lidman Olsson, Hao Wu, Peter Glarborg, Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: In this study, the interaction between zinc compounds and ilmenite particles was investigated by exposing three types of ilmenites to gas-phase Zn and ZnCl2. The results showed that the gaseous conditions, particle ash layer composition, and iron availability played an important role in the interaction between zinc compounds and ilmenite particles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Tobias Mattisson, Marijke Jacobs, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) is a technology that separates the oxygen for fuel combustion using an oxygen carrier in a fuel reactor. This study investigates the behavior of Mn/Mg/Si system as oxygen carriers for CLOU. The most reactive oxygen carriers without Si in the structure were found to be M24Mg76 and M48Mg51. These carriers showed good reactivity and mechanical stability in a batch fluidized bed reactor.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Victor Purnomo, Ivana Stanicic, Daofeng Mei, Amir H. Soleimanisalim, Tobias Mattisson, Magnus Ryden, Henrik Leion
Summary: Iron sand, a by-product of the industry, has a reasonable iron content and low cost. It has been found that iron sand can be used as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping gasification (CLG), with an oxygen transfer capacity lower than ilmenite. Utilizing iron sand leads to higher conversion rates of pine forest residue char to CO and H2 compared to ilmenite. The study also presents novel findings on the crystalline phase transformation of iron sand at different oxidation levels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Emil O. Lidman Olsson, Daniel Schmid, Oskar Karlstrom, Kasper Enemark-Rasmussen, Henrik Leion, Songgeng Li, Peter Glarborg, Kim Dam-Johansen, Hao Wu
Summary: Biomass can be converted into heat, power, and biofuels through thermal conversion processes, but the presence of phosphorus in certain types of biomass can lead to operational or environmental issues when released. The mechanisms behind phosphorus release and high-temperature phosphorus chemistry need to be understood in order to efficiently recover phosphorus from biomass residues. This study investigated the release of phosphorus from wheat bran char and sunflower seed char under various gas environments and temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Muhammad Nauman Saeed, Mohammad Shahrivar, Gajanan Dattarao Surywanshi, Tharun Roshan Kumar, Tobias Mattisson, Amir H. Soleimanisalim
Summary: The second-generation bio aviation fuel production via Chemical Looping Gasification (CLG) combined with downstream Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is a possible way to decarbonize aviation sector. This study models the full chain process of biomass to liquid fuel (BtL) with LD-slag and Ilmenite as oxygen carriers using Aspen Plus software, validates the results with experiments, and conducts a techno-economic analysis of the process.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Joakim Brorsson, Viktor Rehnberg, Adam A. Arvidsson, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson, Anders Hellman
Summary: Chemical looping is an innovative technique that requires new oxygen carriers. To speed up the process of finding these carriers, we used a computational screening approach based on energetic data from the Open Quantum Materials Database. From an initial list of 300,000 materials, we narrowed down to 1,000 by filtering out rare, radioactive, toxic, or harmful elements. The highest ranking phases contain elements such as Cu, Mn, and Fe.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arturo Cabello, Teresa Mendiara, M. Teresa Izquierdo, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Alberto Abad
Summary: This study investigated the use of a low-cost Fe-based residue as an oxygen carrier in the Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) and Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR) processes with biogas. The results showed that the methane combustion efficiency in the CLC process was higher (around 86%) compared to other low-cost Fe-based materials. The dry reforming of biogas in the CLR process achieved about 55% methane conversion and a yield of 1.3 mol (CO + H2)/mol CH4 for syngas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Margarita de las Obras Loscertales, Alberto Abad, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan A. C. Ruiz, Juan Adanez
Summary: The use of bio-ethanol in chemical looping combustion and reforming has the potential to produce energy and/or hydrogen, as well as remove CO2 from the atmosphere. This study examines the kinetics of ethanol conversion using a NiO-based material as the oxygen carrier. Experiment results suggest that ethanol decomposition products, rather than direct reduction with ethanol, are responsible for NiO reduction. The high temperature kinetics of ethanol conversion processes were determined, and a reaction pathway was proposed for detailed fuel reactor models.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar Condori, Alberto Abad, Maria T. Izquierdo, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan Adanez
Summary: In this study, the Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification (BCLG) process was evaluated using wheat straw pellets and ilmenite as the fuel feedstock and oxygen carrier respectively. The effect of different operational variables on process performance and syngas yield was analyzed, and no agglomeration issues were observed during the smooth operation of the CLG unit. The oxygen transference rate in the fuel reactor was found to be the main factor affecting syngas yield and cold gas efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Daofeng Mei, Anders Lyngfelt, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a technology that can generate heat and power while capturing CO2. Using biomass in CLC (bio-CLC) allows for negative CO2 emissions. This study investigates the interaction between alkalis in biomass and the process, focusing on charcoal impregnated with alkali chlorides. The results show that impregnation with alkalis improves the gasification rate, with carbonates resulting in earlier and more permanent defluidization compared to chlorides. Partial agglomeration and retention of alkalis in the oxygen carrier are observed, with similar reactivity noticed with CH4 and H2.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Amirhossein Filsouf, Merve Durmaz, Teresa Mendiara, Pilar Gayan, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study focuses on testing a Cu-based oxygen carrier with enhanced mechanical properties due to the addition of kaolin in the combustion of different biomass types in a continuous CLOU unit. Complete combustion of the biomass types was achieved and higher CO2 capture efficiencies were observed at 800-950 degrees C compared to without kaolin doping. The oxygen carrier retained its magnetic properties without any agglomeration problems after 80 hours of hot circulation operation.
