Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lijuan Mao, Wei Wei, Jingyu Chen
Summary: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones that regulate various homeostatic functions in the body through the binding of glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR signals are biased, with variations in different tissue cells, disease states, and ligands. This bias regulation of GR signaling depends on ligand-induced metameric regulation, protein post-translational modifications, assembly at response elements, context-specific assembly, and intercellular differences. Selective GR agonists and modulators (SEGRAMs) have been developed to bias therapeutic outcomes towards expected effects by influencing GR-mediated gene expression. This paper reviews the bias regulation and mechanism of GR, as well as the progress in drug research.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Nozomi Hayashiji, Genri Kawahara, Xing Xu, Tomohiko Fukuda, Aurelien Kerever, Jianguo Gu, Yukiko K. Hayashi, Eri Arikawa-Hirasawa
Summary: Glycosylation is a crucial mechanism in regulating biological processes, such as intercellular signaling and adhesion. The enzyme alpha-1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8) determines the terminal structure of glycans and is conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans. Mutants of Fut8 have been found in humans, mice, and zebrafish, causing various symptoms including spinal deformity and growth retardation. This study focused on the function of Fut8 in skeletal muscle using zebrafish and C2C12 cells. The results revealed that Fut8 plays important roles in myogenesis and myofusion.
Review
Cell Biology
Gabriela Poliacikova, Corinne Maurel-Zaffran, Yacine Graba, Andrew J. Saurin
Summary: Hox genes encode transcription factors that specify the anterior-posterior axis in all bilaterians. While their role in ectoderm-derivatives like CNS and spinal cord is well-known, less is understood about their function in muscle development. Studies in fruit flies have shed light on the requirement of Hox at multiple stages of myogenic process, emphasizing a tight ectoderm/mesoderm cross talk for proper locomotion.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Romain Ragimbeau, Leila El Kebriti, Salwa Sebti, Elise Fourgous, Abdelhay Boulahtouf, Giuseppe Arena, Lucile Espert, Andrei Turtoi, Celine Gongora, Nadine Houede, Sophie Pattingre
Summary: BAG6 is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein involved in protein quality control and has been shown to play a crucial role in mitophagy by regulating PINK1/PARKIN signaling in a LIR-dependent manner. Its localization in the mitochondria and interaction with LC3 suggest that BAG6 acts as a novel mitophagy receptor or adaptor.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Jiang, Ning Xin, Jian Yang, Wen Wu, Mingyong Wang, Ninghan Feng, Guoxing Zhu
Summary: This study revealed that glucocorticoids cause cartilage damage by inhibiting the expression of collagen genes through their receptors. These findings provide new insights into the intrinsic mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP).
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Catarina Bota, Gabriel G. Martins, Susana S. Lopes
Summary: During vertebrate development, left-right symmetry breaking occurs in the left-right organizer (LRO). This study reveals a new link between somite specification and Dand5 function, demonstrating how left-right signals affect the behavior of zebrafish somite cell precursors. The findings show that Dand5 is involved in cell exit from the maturation zone into the presomitic mesoderm, affecting the expression patterns of myogenic factors and tail size.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wei Luo, Julia Z. Z. Adamska, Chunfeng Li, Rohit Verma, Qing Liu, Thomas Hagan, Florian Wimmers, Shakti Gupta, Yupeng Feng, Wenxia Jiang, Jiehao Zhou, Erika Valore, Yanli Wang, Meera Trisal, Shankar Subramaniam, Timothy F. Osborne, Bali Pulendran
Summary: Our previous study showed that the sterol regulatory binding protein (SREBP) pathway is associated with humoral immune response. We generated mice with specific deletion of SCAP, an essential regulator of SREBP signaling, in B cells or CD11c(+) antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Deletion of SCAP in CD11c(+) APCs had no impact on immune responses, whereas SREBP signaling in B cells was crucial for antibody responses and the development of immune cells. These studies reveal the regulatory role of sterol metabolism in humoral immunity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samar Ezzat El-Kholy, Basma Afifi, Iman El-Husseiny, Amal Seif
Summary: This study investigates the role of octopaminergic receptors in controlling locomotion in Drosophila melanogaster. The results show that Oct alpha R is particularly important for climbing ability, as flies deficient in this receptor exhibit impaired climbing performance. In addition, the lack of Oct alpha R leads to morphometric changes in leg parts and severe ultrastructural alterations in leg muscles. Overall, these findings demonstrate the significant multifactorial role of OA via Oct alpha R in controlling locomotor activity in Drosophila.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alberto Dinarello, Annachiara Tesoriere, Paolo Martini, Camilla Maria Fontana, Davide Volpato, Lorenzo Badenetti, Francesca Terrin, Nicola Facchinello, Chiara Romualdi, Oliana Carnevali, Luisa Dalla Valle, Francesco Argenton
Summary: In this study, zebrafish mutant lines and transgenic models were used to analyze the mechanism of action of glucocorticoids. The differences in gene expression patterns between different mutant lines revealed a complex network of GC-dependent transcription. The study also showed that the glucocorticoid receptor GR plays a crucial role in the transcriptional activity of Stat3, and both glucocorticoids and the mineralocorticoid receptor MR are necessary for the correct transcription of certain target genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wesuk Kang, Dabin Choi, Jiyun Roh, Yearim Jung, Yoojeong Ha, Suhjin Yang, Taesun Park
Summary: This study examined the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the activation of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and its associated mechanisms. The results showed that cAMP enhancement did not affect glucocorticoid signaling under normal conditions, but could modulate it in response to stress. The study also revealed that cAMP upregulation triggers the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which influences GR translocation and activity. These findings highlight the context-dependent role of cAMP signaling in managing glucocorticoid signaling and its potential therapeutic application in stress-related conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kun Yang, Jie Han, Jennifer G. Gill, Jason Y. Park, Meghana N. Sathe, Jyothsna Gattineni, Tracey Wright, Christian Wysocki, M. Teresa de la Morena, Nan Yan
Summary: Mutations in the SKIV2L gene cause severe B cell immunodeficiency in THES patients, indicating its crucial role in early B cell development.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Margaret K. Seeley-Fallen, Michelle Lazzaro, Chaohong Liu, Quan-Zhen Li, Arpita Upadhyaya, Wenxia Song
Summary: Actin-mediated B-cell contraction negatively regulates B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, while non-muscle myosin II (NMII) participates in B-cell development and antibody responses by regulating B-cell membrane contraction and antigen clustering. Inhibition of NMII enhances BCR signaling, reduces antibody affinity, and increases levels of autoantibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioanna Kokkinopoulou, Andriana Diakoumi, Paraskevi Moutsatsou
Summary: Research shows that stress and depression increase the risk of Type 2 Diabetes by impairing the negative feedback of Glucocorticoid in patients, leading to HPA axis hyperactivity and hypercortisolism. Glucocorticoid Receptor has a key role in regulating glucose homeostasis in peripheral tissues, while impaired signaling in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of T2D patients is linked to metabolic disturbances. Further investigation into selective modulation of GR signaling in T2D therapy is warranted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Olivia Venezia, Sadia Islam, Christine Cho, Alicia R. Timme-Laragy, Karilyn E. Sant
Summary: The study found that chronic exposure to synthetic PPAR ligands in zebrafish embryos may induce morphological and pancreatic defects, characterized by altered body size, pancreatic abnormalities, and disrupted lipid metabolism.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Duo Wang, Chang Liu, Huan Liu, Yilei Meng, Fang Lin, Yanqiong Gu, Hanrui Wang, Mengyue Shang, Chang Tong, Agapios Sachinidis, Qilong Ying, Li Li, Luying Peng
Summary: The interaction between ERG1 and Integrin beta 1 in rESCs activates the AKT pathway, leading to cardiomyocyte differentiation through multiple mechanisms including upregulation of beta-catenin and Gata4 expression and inhibition of cell apoptosis via nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B.
Article
Developmental Biology
Xin Lou, Jeffrey T. A. Burrows, Ian C. Scott
BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parveen Sharma, Cynthia Abbasi, Savo Lazic, Allen C. T. Teng, Dingyan Wang, Nicole Dubois, Vladimir Ignatchenko, Victoria Wong, Jun Liu, Toshiyuki Araki, Malte Tiburcy, Cameron Ackerley, Wolfram H. Zimmermann, Robert Hamilton, Yu Sun, Peter P. Liu, Gordon Keller, Igor Stagljar, Ian C. Scott, Thomas Kislinger, Anthony O. Gramolini
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2015)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jeffrey T. A. Burrows, Bret J. Pearson, Ian C. Scott
Article
Developmental Biology
Ashish R. Deshwar, John C. Onderisin, Anastasiia Aleksandrova, Xuefei Yuan, Jeffrey T. A. Burrows, Ian C. Scott
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Biology
Ashish R. Deshwar, Serene C. Chng, Lena Ho, Bruno Reversade, Ian C. Scott
Article
Developmental Biology
Bilge Yoruk, Benjamin S. Gillers, Neil C. Chi, Ian C. Scott
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Developmental Biology
Dong Hu, Ian C. Scott, Fran Snider, Colleen Geary-Joo, Xiang Zhao, David G. Simmons, James C. Cross
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Derek F. Ceccarelli, Rob C. Laister, Vikram Khipple Mulligan, Michelle J. Kean, Marilyn Goudreault, Ian C. Scott, W. Brent Derry, Avijit Chakrabartty, Anne-Claude Gingras, Frank Sicheri
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2011)
Article
Biology
Sivani Paskaradevan, Ian C. Scott
Article
Developmental Biology
Natalie Gibb, Savo Lazic, Xuefei Yuan, Ashish R. Deshwar, Meaghan Leslie, Michael D. Wilson, Ian C. Scott
Article
Cell Biology
Karla G. Espinosa, Salma Geissah, Linda Groom, Jonathan Volpatti, Ian C. Scott, Robert T. Dirksen, Mo Zhao, James J. Dowling
Summary: This study reported a new zebrafish model, zebrafish speg-DKO, of centronuclear myopathy (CNM), and demonstrated its ability to accurately recapitulate multiple phenotypes associated with CNM. This model provides a potential platform for investigating disease mechanisms and evaluating potential therapies for CNM.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mengyi Song, Xuefei Yuan, Claudia Racioppi, Meaghan Leslie, Nathan Stutt, Anastasiia Aleksandrova, Lionel Christiaen, Michael D. Wilson, Ian C. Scott
Summary: GATA4/5/6 transcription factors are crucial for heart development and regulate the transition from mesoderm to cardiac fate. Loss of Gata5/6 alters the population structure of mesendoderm-derived cells and leads to extensive changes in chromatin accessibility near cardiac and pharyngeal genes.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shimon M. Rosenthal, Tvisha Misra, Hala Abdouni, Tess C. Branon, Alice Y. Ting, Ian C. Scott, Anne-Claude Gingras
Summary: Researchers adapted proximity labeling for protein discovery in zebrafish, developing in vivo TurbolD and mini-Turbo labeling techniques. By providing biotin directly in the egg water, they demonstrated successful biotinylation of prey proteins after 12 hours, enabling time-resolved analysis of development.
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Ningning Hou, Yuxi Yang, Ian C. Scott, Xin Lou
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2017)