Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaori Cho, Takashi Ushiki, Hajime Ishiguro, Suguru Tamura, Masaya Araki, Tatsuya Suwabe, Takayuki Katagiri, Mari Watanabe, Yoko Fujimoto, Riuko Ohashi, Yoichi Ajioka, Ippei Shimizu, Shujiro Okuda, Masayoshi Masuko, Yoshimi Nakagawa, Hideyo Hirai, Warren S. Alexander, Hitoshi Shimano, Hirohito Sone
Summary: SOCS3 protein plays a critical role in regulating obesity and diabetes, but the mechanism of action and the relationship with gut microbiota remain to be clarified.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Heyu Song, Ricky A. Sontz, Matthew J. Vance, Julia M. Morris, Sulaiman Sheriff, Songli Zhu, Suzann Duan, Jiping Zeng, Erika Koeppe, Ritu Pandey, Curtis A. Thorne, Elena M. Stoffel, Juanita L. Merchant
Summary: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rising, with lifestyle factors and genetic background playing a potential role. The study found a missense mutation, HNF1AA98V, in the Hepatic Nuclear Factor 1α (HNF1A) gene, which reduces DNA binding ability. In mice, introducing the HNF1AA98V variant and feeding a high-fat or high-sugar diet led to an increased formation of colonic polyps. The study also revealed alterations in gene expression and signaling pathways related to metabolism, immunity, and lipid biogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianle He, Qingyun Chen, Zhidong Yuan, Yulian Yang, Kai Cao, Ju Luo, Guozhong Dong, Xie Peng, Zhenguo Yang
Summary: There is a strong correlation between maternal high-fat diet and fetal-placental development. Maternal high-fat diet can affect fetal growth and placental nutrient transporters through differentially expressed circRNAs.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengyang Tang, Yi Zhang, Rong Zhang, Yuemei Zhang, Jiangfei Zheng, Daixi Wang, Xinyu Wang, Jing Yan, Cheng Hu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the role of GPSM1 in POMC neurons and the underlying mechanisms in metabolic homeostasis. Through various molecular, biochemical, immunofluorescent, immunohistochemical analyses, and cell culture studies, the study revealed the pathophysiological role of GPSM1 in POMC neurons and its regulation of POMC neuron activity.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alon Bar, Omer Karin, Avi Mayo, Danny Ben-Zvi, Uri Alon
Summary: Interventions to reduce fat can have opposing or coherent effects, and some may result in overshoot in food intake. The operating point model explains these effects by the intersection of two experimental curves - steady-state fat at a given food intake and ad libitum food intake at a given fat level. This model provides insights into fat regulation disorders and the quadratic relation between leptin and fat in humans.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jessica Frayre, Priscila Frayre, Ida Wong, Anusha Mithani, Stephanie Bishop, Chelsy Mani, Karen Ponce-Rubio, Ruvaid Virk, Michael J. Morris, Elisa S. Na
Summary: Obesity is a complex disease influenced by various factors including genetics, environment, and hormonal abnormalities. Research suggests that exposure to high fat diet can decrease MeCP2 protein expression in the hypothalamus, particularly affecting different regions in male and female mice. This indicates a developmentally sensitive period where MeCP2 expression is impacted by high fat diet exposure in a sexually dimorphic manner.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shujing Liu, Shiyu Song, Shuan Wang, Tonghui Cai, Lian Qin, Xinzhuang Wang, Guangming Zhu, Haibo Wang, Wenqi Yang, Chunlu Fang, Yuan Wei, Fu Zhou, Yang Yu, Shaozhang Lin, Shuang Peng, Liangming Li
Summary: Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet disrupts energy balance and leads to weight gain. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is involved in high-fat diet-induced obesity. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, and high-fat diet-induced hypothalamic leptin resistance contributes to obesity. The study reveals that FTO is associated with hypothalamic leptin resistance and provides new insight into its role in obesity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Jingyi Chi, Zeran Lin, William Barr, Audrey Crane, Xiphias Ge Zhu, Paul Cohen
Summary: The study revealed that the association between beige adipocytes and dense sympathetic neurites in mouse subcutaneous fat is established during early postnatal period, with Prdm16 playing a crucial role in guiding sympathetic growth. However, this patterning is not essential for maintaining the sympathetic structure in mature animals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julie Abildgaard, Thorkil Ploug, Elaf Al-Saoudi, Thomas Wagner, Carsten Thomsen, Caroline Ewertsen, Michael Bzorek, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Anette Tonnes Pedersen, Birgitte Lindegaard
Summary: Menopause is associated with changes in adipose tissue phenotype related to metabolic dysfunction in both subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Postmenopausal women show adipocyte hypertrophy, increased inflammation, fibrosis, and hypoxia in the SAT, while in the VAT, menopause is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy, immune cell infiltration, and fibrosis, leading to decreased insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest a link between menopause, adipose tissue changes, and metabolic dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chun-Wai Chan, Bi-Fong Lin
Summary: The prevalence of obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing rapidly worldwide. Folate deficiency was found to increase lipid accumulation and leptin production in adipocytes. In this study, it was discovered that folate deficiency might aggravate inflammatory status and enhance renal fibrosis in diet-induced obese mice with CKD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chun-Wai Chan, Pei-Hsuan Chan, Bi-Fong Lin
Summary: This study found that folate deficiency combined with a high-fat diet led to increased adiposity, adipocyte size, serum leptin level, and hepatic triglyceride content compared to the folate-sufficient groups. Folate deficiency, combined with a high-fat high-sucrose or high-fructose diet, also significantly increased body weight in mice. Furthermore, folate-deficient adipocytes exhibited increased lipid accumulation, leptin production, and expression of lipogenesis-related genes. These findings suggest that inadequate folate status may contribute to the development of obesity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria M. Glavas, Queenie Hui, Ian Miao, Fan Yang, Suheda Erener, Kacey J. Prentice, Michael B. Wheeler, Timothy J. Kieffer
Summary: This study suggests that overconsumption of saturated fats may have negative impacts on body weight and glucose regulation in mice. A diet high in monounsaturated and omega-3 fats did not improve glucose dysregulation induced by early overnutrition, and may even increase weight gain, adiposity, and diabetes incidence in susceptible mice. It highlights the importance of considering the quantity, quality, and timing of fat intake for metabolic health outcomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mobeen Ghulam Ahmed, Malik Hassan Mehmood, Shumaila Mehdi, Maryam Farrukh
Summary: This study aims to investigate the potential efficacy of C. odorata and coumarin in treating cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). The results showed that C. odorata and coumarin can improve the characteristic features of CMS, such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. These effects may be achieved through improved adipokines, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity, inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and inflammatory biomarkers, and modulation of oxidative stress biomarkers. This study provides a rationale for the therapeutic potential of C. odorata and coumarin in CMS.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Beihua Zhong, Shuangtao Ma, Donna H. Wang
Summary: This study investigates the role of TRPV1 in Western diet-induced hypertension. The findings suggest that TRPV1 ablation increases salt sensitivity during Western diet intake due to impaired renal NO production and sodium excretion. Activation of TRPV1 enhances renal NO production and sodium excretion, resulting in the prevention of increased salt sensitivity during Western diet intake.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shing-Hwa Liu, Yu-Xuan Chen, Huei-Ping Tzeng, Meng-Tsan Chiang
Summary: Low-carbohydrate and high-fat diets can cause lipid metabolism disturbance and fat accumulation, but fish oil supplementation can improve these adverse effects.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laurent Irakoze, Astere Manirakiza, Yunqi Zhang, Juncheng Liu, Jiayu Li, Liliane Nkengurutse, Shuhua Deng, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis on the parent-offspring association of MetS, showing that offspring of parents with MetS have a higher risk of developing MetS. There was no differential association of MetS based on gender and/or age of the offspring.
Article
Cell Biology
Nan Chen, Yunqi Zhang, Miaoran Wang, Xiaojing Lin, Jiayu Li, Jibin Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: Maternal obesity can lead to offspring obesity and metabolic disorders, especially with increased endoplasmic reticulum stress during pregnancy. Offspring exposed to an obesogenic environment may exhibit higher body weight, overeating, and hypothalamic feeding circuit defects, possibly related to early postnatal induction of ER stress and proteotoxic stress. Neonatal inhibition of hypothalamic ER stress may exacerbate metabolic outcomes in the long run.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria M. Glavas, Ann Y. Lee, Ian Miao, Fan Yang, Majid Mojibian, Shannon M. O'Dwyer, Timothy J. Kieffer
Summary: Our study found that male Swiss Webster mice are susceptible to diabetes based on the timing of exposure to high-fat diet, while females are protected from hyperglycemia regardless of duration or timing of high-fat diet. The timing of exposure to high-fat diet during critical developmental periods significantly impacts metabolic outcomes, emphasizing the importance of careful consideration of dietary timing during these stages.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaojing Lin, Yunqi Zhang, Xiaoling He, Yan Chen, Nan Chen, Juncheng Liu, Miaoran Wang, Yue Li, Hong Yang, Lei Fan, Yi Hou, Jibin Li, Chaodong Wu, Hongbo Qi, Hua Zhang, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: In this study, it was found that higher levels of TMAO and the formation of abnormal NETs were associated with GDM. TMAO not only promoted the development of the placenta and fetuses but also inhibited the formation of NETs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria M. Glavas, Queenie Hui, Ian Miao, Fan Yang, Suheda Erener, Kacey J. Prentice, Michael B. Wheeler, Timothy J. Kieffer
Summary: This study suggests that overconsumption of saturated fats may have negative impacts on body weight and glucose regulation in mice. A diet high in monounsaturated and omega-3 fats did not improve glucose dysregulation induced by early overnutrition, and may even increase weight gain, adiposity, and diabetes incidence in susceptible mice. It highlights the importance of considering the quantity, quality, and timing of fat intake for metabolic health outcomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Rongfeng Huang, Jiayu Li, Maolin Liao, Li Ma, Irakoze Laurent, Xiaojing Lin, Yunqi Zhang, Rufei Gao, Yubin Ding, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: The combined exposure of maternal BPA and a HFD resulted in increased urine BPA levels, precocious puberty, decreased follicle numbers, and altered hypothalamic Kiss1 methylation in F1 and F2 mice, demonstrating a trans-generational effect on female reproduction.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandra Pereira, Daemon L. Cline, Melissa Chan, Kalin Chai, Ji Soo Yoon, Shannon M. O'Dwyer, Cara E. Ellis, Maria M. Glavas, Travis D. Webber, Robert K. Baker, Suheda Erener, Scott D. Covey, Timothy J. Kieffer
Summary: Current research indicates that reconstitution of Lepr in cells of myeloid lineage has beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in male mice, while the impact on female mice is not significant.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hong Yang, Nan Chen, Lei Fan, Xiaojing Lin, Juncheng Liu, Yuehua You, Ying Zhong, Yan Chen, Jibin Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation has long-term effects on the pathogenesis of obesity in offspring, and the early postnatal stage is a critical window for metabolic programming.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lei Fan, Hong Yang, Xiangnan Hu, Juncheng Liu, Yuehua You, Xinyu Li, Guangcheng Qin, Qian Ge, Yi Hou, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: This study synthesized a series of vildagliptin analogs, among which ZD-2 showed moderate inhibition of DPP-4. Both ZD-2 and vildagliptin showed similar effects on improving glucose tolerance and reducing fat accumulation in high-fat-diet mice. ZD-2 also protected beta-cell function and stimulated gut hormone expression.
Article
Cell Biology
Juncheng Liu, Maolin Liao, Rongfeng Huang, Yuehua You, Xiaojing Lin, Hong Yang, Lei Fan, Ying Zhong, Xinyu Li, Jibin Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: Simultaneous exposure of mothers to BPA and HFD during the perinatal period increases the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities in offspring, and these synergistic effects may be transmitted to future generations.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Cell Biology
Kim Loh, Atsushi Fukushima, Xinmei Zhang, Sandra Galic, Dana Briggs, Pablo J. Enriori, Stephanie Simonds, Florian Wiede, Alexander Reichenbach, Christine Hauser, Natalie A. Sims, Kendra K. Bence, Sheng Zhang, Zhong-Yin Zhang, Barbara B. Kahn, Benjamin G. Neel, Zane B. Andrews, Michael A. Cowley, Tony Tiganis
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Ge, Xinxin Xie, Xiangjun Chen, Rongfeng Huang, Cheng-Xue Rui, Qianna Zhen, Renzhi Hu, Min Wu, Xiaoqiu Xiao, Xi Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of circulating exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) isolated from individuals with simple obesity in the regulation of beta-cell mass. The results showed that circulating ELVs can act as negative regulators for beta-cell mass in nondiabetic obesity by inhibiting beta-cell proliferation. This effect is associated with downregulated Omentin-1 protein in ELVs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Wu, Maolin Liao, Rongfeng Huang, Chunxiu Chen, Tian Tian, Hongying Wang, Jiayu Li, Jibin Li, Yuxiang Sun, Chaodong Wu, Qifu Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of TREM2 overexpression on cognitive dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet. The results showed that TREM2 overexpression ameliorated cognitive impairment and promoted microglia polarization towards the anti-inflammatory phenotype in obese diabetic mice.
Article
Cell Biology
Suheda Erener, Cara E. Ellis, Adam Ramzy, Maria M. Glavas, Shannon O'Dwyer, Sandra Pereira, Tom Wang, Janice Pang, Jennifer E. Bruin, Michael J. Riedel, Robert K. Baker, Travis D. Webber, Marina Lesina, Matthias Blu, Hana Algu, Janel L. Kopp, Stephan Herzig, Timothy J. Kieffer
Summary: miR-216a is a conserved, pancreas-specific miRNA with crucial roles in pancreatic islet and acinar cells. Deletion of miR-216a leads to reduction in islet size, beta-cell mass, and insulin levels. Induction of miR-216a increases apoptosis and decreases cell proliferation in pancreatic cells.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sandra Pereira, Daemon L. Cline, Maria M. Glavas, Scott D. Covey, Timothy J. Kieffer
Summary: Leptin's discovery is closely tied to its role in regulating body weight, but it also has significant effects on glucose metabolism and fat accumulation. Leptin's regulation of glucose metabolism involves both central and peripheral mechanisms, influenced by insulin signaling pathways. The extent of leptin's action varies depending on the tissue, sex, and context, with potential therapeutic applications for conditions like hyperglycemia and lipodystrophy. Further exploration of leptin's mechanisms in different tissues is crucial for fully understanding its physiological role and maximizing its therapeutic potential.