Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ravi Shankar Singh, Ananna Bhadra Arna, He Dong, Manisha Yadav, Aanchal Aggarwal, Yuliang Wu
Summary: DDX43, a member of the DEAD-box protein family, exhibits ATP-dependent RNA and DNA helicase activity. Its KH domain selectively binds pyrimidine-rich ssDNA and ssRNA. DDX43 is overexpressed in many tumors and thus holds potential as a target for cancer therapy.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jaquelinne Pinheiro-da-Silva, Ana Carolina Luchiari
Summary: Ethanol exposure during embryogenesis can have harmful effects on zebrafish, leading to reduced body size, decreased heartbeat rate, increased apoptotic cell numbers, and differences in hatching time. This study highlights the zebrafish as a suitable model for studying fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Arand, H. Rosaria Chiang, David Martin, Michael P. Snyder, Julien Sage, Renee A. Reijo Pera, Mark Wossidlo
Summary: Tet enzymes play crucial roles in mouse embryonic development, with Tet2 deficiency showing the most severe phenotype. They function in the consecutive oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-carboxylcytosine, necessary for embryonic genome activation and expression of transposable elements.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Simankova, Norihisa Bizen, Sei Saitoh, Shinsuke Shibata, Nobuhiko Ohno, Manabu Abe, Kenji Sakimura, Hirohide Takebayashi
Summary: Ddx20 is essential for the terminal differentiation of oligodendrocytes and maintenance of myelin gene expression. Knockout of Ddx20 in mice led to abnormal behaviors, muscle weakness, and reduced lifespan, with significant reductions in mature oligodendrocytes and myelin-associated gene expression levels.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaoping Xu, Xiaohui Chen, Xu Shen, Rongzhu Chen, Chen Zhu, Zihao Zhang, Yukun Chen, Wenzhong Lin, Xuhan Xu, Yuling Lin, Zhongxiong Lai
Summary: DEAD-box (DDX) proteins play a crucial role in RNA metabolism across the animal, plant, and microorganism kingdoms. Some DlDDX in longan show high sequence similarity with Mus musculus, Citrus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Additionally, some DlDDX genes may interact with proteins involved in miRNA biosynthesis during early SE, and contribute to DNA demethylation and stress responses.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Qing Zhang, Wenjing Li, Pei Feng, Yayi Liu, Peng Meng, Bo Chu, Jianglin Zhao, Yanxue Li, Yong Zhang, Jun Liu
Summary: This study investigates the role of lncRNA lnc5926 in early embryonic development in goats. The expression of lnc5926 is highest at the eight-cell embryonic stage, consistent with the pattern of embryonic genome activation (EGA) gene expression. Knockdown of lnc5926 leads to a significant decrease in the blastocyst rate and downregulation of key EGA genes, while overexpression of lnc5926 reverses these effects. The findings suggest that lnc5926 plays an essential role in goat embryonic development by regulating EGA-associated gene expression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francesca Pacifici, David Della-Morte, Barbara Capuani, Andrea Coppola, Maria Giovanna Scioli, Giulia Donadel, Aikaterini Andreadi, Fabiola Ciccosanti, Gian Maria Fimia, Alfonso Bellia, Augusto Orlandi, Davide Lauro
Summary: By controlling mitochondrial homeostasis, Prdx6 plays a pivotal role in regulating GSIS in pancreatic beta cells. Its depletion leads to impaired mitochondrial morphology and function, as well as enhanced apoptotic death.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Chengchi Fang, Xiaoni Gan, Chengjun Zhang, Shunping He
Summary: Research identified a novel chimeric gene family, the chiron family, and explored its genetic basis and functional evolution in Danioninae fish adaptive evolution. The new chiron genes may play a crucial role in zebrafish embryonic development and energy metabolism by integrating and impacting the NAD(+) biosynthetic pathway.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Weifen Zhu, Weiwei Gui, Xihua Lin, Xueyao Yin, Li Liang, Hong Li
Summary: The study found that maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) could regulate miRNA expression, potentially impacting lipid metabolism in offspring. Specifically, miR-181a expression was downregulated in the liver of MNR offspring, playing a role in lipid metabolism regulation.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yue Ma, Jinping Shi, Li Jia, Pengjia He, Ying Wang, Xiao Zhang, Yongliang Huang, Qiang Cheng, Zhao Zhang, Youchao Dai, Meiling Xu, Zhaomin Lei
Summary: Oregano essential oil (OEO) as a dietary supplement can promote gastrointestinal health and welfare in fattening bulls by regulating intestinal barrier, colonic microbiome, and microbial metabolites. It promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting harmful ones, thereby maintaining internal intestinal environmental homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhe Han, Xin Hao, Cheng-Jie Zhou, Jun Wang, Xin Wen, Xing-Yue Wang, De-Jian Zhang, Cheng-Guang Liang
Summary: The study investigated the expression profiles and functional roles of CLTC in sheep oocytes and found that CLTC plays crucial regulatory roles in sheep oocyte maturation and early embryo development, especially in spindle dynamics and early embryo development. The results indicate that CLTC is essential for spindle formation and chromosomal alignment, as well as for proper early embryo development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Nairoby Pacheco-Carlon, Danitzia A. Guerrero-Tortolero, Lucero B. Cervantes-Montoya, Ilie S. Racotta, Rafael Campos-Ramos
Summary: The study found that constant and oscillating egg incubation temperatures in longfin yellowtail have significant effects on embryonic development and larval morphology, leading to different growth responses in larval structure. Prior to hatching, embryos exhibit growth responses to temperature during a specific developmental window, influencing larval size and morphology.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ting-Ting Yang, Jia-Jia Qi, Bo-Xing Sun, He-Xuan Qu, Hua-Kai Wei, Hao Sun, Hao Jiang, Jia-Bao Zhang, Shuang Liang
Summary: This study found that adding maslinic acid (MA) to the culture medium can improve the developmental potential of porcine early embryos and enhance their antioxidant capacity, maintain mitochondrial function, and inhibit apoptosis. MA supplementation also increased blastocyst formation rates and improved blastocyst quality. The results suggest that MA has positive effects on the development of porcine early embryos.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongduo Bao, Yongqiang Xue, Yingying Zhang, Feng Tu, Ran Wang, Yu Cao, Yong Lin
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of encapsulated essential oils (EOs) on the gut microbiota, growth performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant properties, and barrier function of meat-type ducks. The results showed that ducks fed with EO 1000 mg/kg had better growth performance and intestinal health. Dietary supplementation with EOs increased villus heights in the duodenum and jejunum and improved the bacterial diversity and abundance in the cecal microbiota of ducks.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Qianqian Zhang, Robie Vasquez, Jeong Min Yoo, Sang Hoon Kim, Dae-Kyung Kang, In Ho Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the probiotic effect of LM1 on growing pigs by analyzing their growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota. The results showed that LM1 improved nutrient digestibility, reduced inflammation, improved intestinal morphology, and enriched beneficial bacteria and short-chain fatty acid production.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kazuhiro Kajiwara, Ofer Beharier, Choon-Peng Chng, Julie P. Goff, Yingshi Ouyang, Claudette M. St Croix, Changjin Huang, Valerian E. Kagan, K. Jimmy Hsia, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death characterized by oxidative damage to phospholipids, resulting in membrane macro-blebbing and vesiculation. Trophoblasts are particularly susceptible to ferroptosis, and the presence of membrane macro-blebbing serves as a marker for this process.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yingshi Ouyang, Tarique Bagalkot, Wendy Fitzgerald, Elena Sadovsky, Tianjiao Chu, Ana Martinez-Marchal, Miguel Brieno-Enriquez, Emily J. Su, Leonid Margolis, Alexander Sorkin, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: Research has shown that the main entry factors for SARS-CoV-2 are expressed in human placental trophoblasts, but not in other placental villous cells. The placental defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection likely involves post-entry processing mechanisms.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fernanda Alvarado-Flores, Tomoko Kaneko-Tarui, William Beyer, Jacqueline Katz, Tianjiao Chu, Patrick Catalano, Yoel Sadovsky, Marie-France Hivert, Perrie O'Tierney-Ginn
Summary: Maternal insulin resistance during late pregnancy is associated with the expression of placental miRNA-3940-3p, suggesting a potential regulatory role of this miRNA in modulating maternal insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mirella Mourad, Taylor Jacob, Elena Sadovsky, Shai Bejerano, Glicella Salazar-De Simone, Tarique Rajasaheb Bagalkot, Jason Zucker, Michael T. Yin, Jennifer Y. Chang, Lihong Liu, Larisa Debelenko, Carrie J. Shawber, Morgan Firestein, Yingshi Ouyang, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Anna Penn, Alexander Sorkin, Ronald Wapner, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: The severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women is associated with the processing of SARS-CoV-2 in the placenta and antiviral pathways, suggesting a role for these proteins in the placental response to SARS-CoV-2.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Fernanda Alvarado-Flores, Anastasia Savelyeva, Tianjiao Chu, Yoel Sadovsky, Ndidiamaka Amutah-Onukagha, Perrie O'Tierney-Ginn
Summary: Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) individuals have a higher risk of maternal mortality and their neonates are more likely to be preterm and small for gestational age compared to Non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals, potentially due to structural racism. The placental miRNA expression profile differs between NHB and NHW individuals, with some miRNAs associated with cellular stress response pathways. The lower expression of miR-192-5p in the placenta of NHB individuals is positively correlated with neonatal adiposity, suggesting its sensitivity to structural racism and potential impact on fetal growth.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Juliana S. Powell, Robin E. Gandley, Emily Lackner, Andrea Dolinish, Yingshi Ouyang, Robert W. Powers, Adrian E. Morelli, Carl A. Hubel, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy syndrome that can threaten the survival of both mother and baby. Research suggests that sEVs from pregnant women with preeclampsia play a significant role in the regulation of arterial tone.
PREGNANCY HYPERTENSION-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alisa B. Nelson, Lisa S. Chow, David B. Stagg, Jacob R. Gillingham, Michael D. Evans, Meixia Pan, Curtis C. Hughey, Chad L. Myers, Xianlin Han, Peter A. Crawford, Patrycja Puchalska
Summary: This study investigates the effects of acute aerobic exercise on the metabolome in overweight and normal-weight individuals. The findings suggest that changes in fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) may distinguish normal-weight from overweight individuals and predict maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max). These results provide insights into the impact of exercise on metabolism and its potential health implications.
Review
Immunology
Adrian E. Morelli, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: This article explores the mechanisms underlying maternal tolerance of the semi- or fully-allogeneic fetus, with a focus on the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in immune modulation, providing a new perspective on immune suppression and activation during pregnancy.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Changjin Huang, Hui Li, Juliana S. Powell, Yingshi Ouyang, Stacy G. Wendell, Subra Suresh, K. Jimmy Hsia, Yoel Sadovsky, David Quinn
Summary: In this study, the researchers characterized membrane viscosities of different types of extracellular vesicles (EVs) collected from primary human trophoblasts using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). They found that EV types derived from the same cell type exhibit different membrane viscosities. The membrane viscosity of microvesicles was shown to faithfully reflect hypoxic injury of the human trophoblasts.
Article
Microbiology
Mary Frances Keith, Kathyayini Parlakoti Gopalakrishna, Venkata Hemanjani Bhavana, Gideon Hayden Hillebrand, Jordan Lynn Elder, Christina Joann Megli, Yoel Sadovsky, Thomas Alexander Hooven
Summary: Intrauterine infection caused by group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a common cause of miscarriage and preterm birth. This study investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) production and GBS survival mechanisms in host-pathogen interactions during GBS chorioamnionitis. It was found that placental NOS expression increased, NO inhibited GBS growth, and GBS activated stress pathways in response to NO exposure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinxin Zhang, Chuyi Chen, Ryan Becker, Joseph Rufo, Shujie Yang, John Mai, Peiran Zhang, Yuyang Gu, Zeyu Wang, Zhehan Ma, Jianping Xia, Nanjing Hao, Zhenhua Tian, David T. W. Wong, Yoel Sadovsky, Luke P. Lee, Tony Jun Huang
Summary: This study presents a technique called ANSWER, which allows for rapid and high-purity fractionation of sEV subpopulations from biofluids. The technique utilizes excitation resonance to generate pillar-like acoustic fields, enabling precise separation of particles in a size-selective manner without the need for sample preprocessing or complex nanofabrication methods.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jennifer Guerrero-Santoro, Mayumi Morizane, Soo-Young Oh, Takuya Mishima, Julie P. Goff, Ibrahim Bildirici, Elena Sadovsky, Yingshi Ouyang, Vladimir A. Tyurin, Yulia Y. Tyurina, Valerian E. Kagan, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: In eutherians, the placenta is crucial for the uptake, storage, and metabolism of lipids. However, the regulation of placental lipid droplet lipolysis remains unknown. This study found that the absence of CGI58, not PNPLA2, significantly increased placental lipid droplet accumulation. Additionally, PNPLA9 contributed to lipolysis in human placental trophoblasts.
Article
Developmental Biology
Oren Barak, Tyler Lovelace, Tianjiao Chu, Zhishen Cao, Elena Sadovsky, Jean-Francois Mouillet, Yingshi Ouyang, Panayiotis Benos, Yoel Sadovsky
Summary: This study examines the relationship between trophoblast injury and placental dysfunction syndromes. By studying the mRNA of primary human trophoblasts exposed to injuries in vitro, distinct trophoblast injury patterns were found in placental biopsies from women with fetal growth restriction and a hypertensive disorder. The RNAseq data provide insights into the contribution of trophoblast injuries to placental dysfunction.
Article
Developmental Biology
Elena Sadovsky, Tianjiao Chu, Oren Barak, Yoel Sadovsky, Yingshi Ouyang
Summary: This study examined the expression of opioid receptors (OPRs) in villous trophoblasts and the impact of opioids on placental transcriptomics. The findings suggest that the expression of OPRs and opioid RNA targets in trophoblasts is influenced by cell differentiation, indicating differential susceptibility of villous trophoblasts to the effects of opioids.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alisa B. Nelson, Eric D. Queathem, Patrycja Puchalska, Peter A. Crawford
Summary: The prospective molecular targets and therapeutic applications for ketone body metabolism have significantly increased in the past decade. Ketogenesis and ketone bodies, initially considered to be alternative fuel sources during carbohydrate restriction or toxic mediators during diabetic ketotic states, actually modulate cellular homeostasis through a variety of mechanisms in multiple physiological states. This article presents an overview of the metabolism and pleiotropic actions of ketone bodies, summarizing their endogenous sources, signaling mechanisms, and systemic metabolic effects.
