Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruheena Javed, Ashish Jain, Thabata Duque, Emily Hendrix, Masroor Ahmad Paddar, Sajjad Khan, Aurore Claude-Taupin, Jingyue Jia, Lee Allers, Fulong Wang, Michal Mudd, Graham Timmins, Keith Lidke, Tor Erik Rusten, Prithvi Reddy Akepati, Yi He, Fulvio Reggiori, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Vojo Deretic
Summary: This study reveals that autophagosomal membranes become permeable and fail to mature into autolysosomes in cells lacking principal ATG8 proteins (mATG8s). It further uncovers a previously unknown function of mATG8s in maintaining the sealed state of autophagosomal membranes. The binding of mATG8 proteins GABARAP and LC3A to key ESCRT-I components contributes to the integrity and impermeability of autophagic membranes.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Shuhei Nakamura, Shiori Akayama, Tamotsu Yoshimori
Summary: Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular digestion and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Cells have developed defense mechanisms, including the regulation of transcription factors like TFEB and LC3, to cope with damaged lysosomes.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Chan Lee, Michael Overholtzer
Summary: Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular quality control mechanisms, with LC3 lipidation promoting microautophagy formation. LC3 lipidation functions in response to metabolic stress, allowing cells to adapt to changing metabolic conditions through selective turnover of lysosomal membrane.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christophe Viret, Mathias Faure
Summary: ATG8 proteins are core components of autophagy, decorating autophagosomes and organelles. Recent studies show that the membrane anchoring of single-membrane associated ATG8 proteins may involve phosphatidylserine conjugation, and their stability depends on ATG4 protease inhibition.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Botella, Nicholas A. Jamnick, Cesare Granata, Amanda J. Genders, Enrico Perri, Tamim Jabar, Andrew Garnham, Michael Lazarou, David J. Bishop
Summary: Autophagy is an important mechanism for cells to degrade old or dysfunctional proteins and organelles. The effects of exercise on autophagosome content markers differ between rodents and humans. The decrease in LC3B-II protein levels induced by exercise in humans does not reflect a decreased autophagy flux.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fumitaka Hiura, Yuko Kawabata, Tsukasa Aoki, Akiko Mizokami, Eijiro Jimi
Summary: The study reveals the importance of ATG4/LC3 in osteoclast maturation and bone resorption. By using a specific inhibitor of ATG4B, NSC185058 (NSC), osteoclastogenesis and maturation can be inhibited, leading to a decrease in alveolar bone resorption in a periodontitis model.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yanping Li, Jingyuan Xu, Weiting Chen, Xingxing Wang, Zhibo Zhao, Yuqi Li, Linkun Zhang, Junkui Jiao, Qin Yang, Qiuying Ding, Ping Yang, Li Wei, Yao Chen, Yaxi Chen, Xiong Z. Ruan, Lei Zhao
Summary: Macrophagy/autophagy is protective in sepsis-induced liver injury. CD36, a member of class B scavenger receptors, plays important roles in various disorders. In sepsis, CD36 expression is increased in hepatocytes, accompanied by impaired autophagy flux. CD36 knockout improves liver injury and autophagosome-lysosome fusion impairment in septic mice. Mechanistically, CD36 acts as a bridge molecule between UBQLN1 and SNARE proteins, promoting the proteasomal degradation of SNARE proteins and fusion impairment. Targeting CD36 in hepatocytes may be a promising strategy for treating septic liver injury.
Article
Microbiology
Mai Tram Vo, Chang-Yong Choi, Young Bong Choi
Summary: Recently, it has been discovered that viruses can regulate selective autophagy to facilitate productive infections. Specifically, the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) activates selective autophagy of mitochondria, called mitophagy, to inhibit antiviral immune responses during lytic infection in host cells. The viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF-1) of HHV-8 plays a crucial role in mitophagy activation by directly binding to mammalian autophagy-related gene 8 (ATG8) proteins, particularly GABARAPL1. The mitophagy receptor NIX promotes the interaction between vIRF-1 and GABARAPL1, and this interaction is essential for mitophagy activation and productive replication of HHV-8.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ara Lee, Meng Li, Young Ho Ko, Sanghwang Park, Jongcheol Seo, Kyeng Min Park, Kimoon Kim
Summary: A rationally designed supramolecular FRET pair consisting of Cy3-CB[7] and BDP-AdA was used to visualize organelle-specific autophagy events. The intracellular accumulations of Cy3-CB[7] in lysosomes and BDP-AdA in lipid droplets, along with the formation of an intracellular host-guest complex resulting in FRET signals, allowed the visualization of the fusion of lipid droplets with lysosomes, namely, lipophagy. This study demonstrates the potential of supramolecular imaging based on bio-orthogonal host-guest interactions in investigating selective autophagy events.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ainhoa Plaza-Zabala, Virginia Sierra-Torre, Amanda Sierra
Summary: Autophagy is a critical cellular process that helps cells clear debris and maintain innate immune function. Understanding autophagic flux is important for studying the stages of autophagy. To dissect the regulation and impact of autophagy, systematic analysis of both autophagosome formation and degradation stages is necessary.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yasushi Kitaoka, Kana Sase, Chihiro Tsukahara, Naoki Fujita, Ibuki Arizono, Jiro Kogo, Naoto Tokuda, Hitoshi Takagi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of netarsudil on TNF-induced axon loss and found that it increased autophagy and protected against axon degeneration.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yao Huang, Yanhai Feng, Lin Cui, Lei Yang, Qiong Zhang, Junhui Zhang, Xupin Jiang, Xingyue Zhang, Yanling Lv, Jie-Zhi Jia, Dong-Xia Zhang, Yue-Sheng Huang
Summary: The study revealed the relationship between autophagy and necroptosis, showing that LC3 mediated interactions play a crucial role in regulating the necrotic process in cardiomyocytes. Disruption of autophagic flux led to increased necroptosis activation, while intact autophagic flux helped reduce necroptosis occurrence.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Juelg, Laura Strohm, Christian Behrends
Summary: Autophagy is a major degradation pathway within cells, contributing to the maintenance of organelle, protein, and metabolite homeostasis as well as innate immunity. In addition to canonical autophagy, there exists a noncanonical form. Studies have shown that dysfunction in autophagy is associated with several human pathologies, including cancer, immune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Waseem Ali, Kai Deng, Jian Sun, Yonggang Ma, Zongping Liu, Hui Zou
Summary: Autophagy plays a critical role in spermatogenesis, but disruption of autophagic flux can lead to cell death. This study reveals that cadmium-induced autophagy might be involved in the regulation of spermiophagy and highlights the potential high risk to male fertility in the context of cadmium toxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaiza R. Varela, Emilio J. Gonzalez-Ramirez, Marina N. Iriondo, Uxue Ballesteros, Asier Etxaniz, Lidia Ruth Montes, Felix M. Goni, Alicia Alonso
Summary: Cardiolipin (CL) is an important lipid for damaged mitochondrial recognition by the LC3/GABARAP autophagy proteins. The role of ceramide (Cer) is uncertain, but it has been proposed that CL and Cer may coexist in mitochondria. This study examined the interaction of LC3/GABARAP proteins with model membranes containing eSM, DOPE, CL, and/or Cer. The results suggest that Cer-enriched rigid nanodomains within the fluid phase may facilitate LC3/GABARAP protein interaction by creating structural defects at the nanointerfaces.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
