Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Theodore W. Kurtz, R. Curtis Morris Jr, Michal Pravenec, Heidi L. Lujan, Stephen E. DiCarlo
Summary: Previous studies suggest that hyperaldosteronism initiates hypertension by increasing sodium retention and blood volume. However, this study found that aldosterone can also promote salt sensitivity and initiation of salt-dependent hypertension by increasing peripheral vascular resistance and decreasing cardiac output.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Baris Afsar, Rengin Elsurer Afsar
Summary: Preeclampsia is a disorder characterized by hypertension and end organ damage after 20 weeks of gestation. There are two main types: early-onset, associated with placental dysfunction, and late-onset, related to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular abnormalities. The role of sodium intake in preeclampsia is not well-understood, with conflicting results from previous studies.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Akiko Hiramatsu, Yuichiro Izumi, Koji Eguchi, Naomi Matsuo, Qinyuan Deng, Hideki Inoue, Yushi Nakayama, Hiroshi Nonoguchi, Jose Aramburu, Cristina Lopez-Rodriguez, Yutaka Kakizoe, Masataka Adachi, Takashige Kuwabara, Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama, Masashi Mukoyama
Summary: The study showed that renal tubular NFAT5 plays an important role in regulating sodium reabsorption through the epithelial sodium channel under high-salt conditions, thereby preventing salt-dependent hypertension.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hiroki Yamaguchi, R. Ariel Gomez, Maria Luisa S. Sequeira-Lopez
Summary: During embryonic and neonatal life, renin cells contribute to the assembly and branching of the intrarenal arterial tree. In adult life, renin cells are confined to the tips of the renal arterioles, releasing renin to control blood pressure and fluid-electrolyte homeostasis. Mechanisms such as β-adrenergic stimulation, macula densa signaling, and renin baroreceptor control the release of renin.
Article
Sport Sciences
Katharina Kerschan-Schindl, Katerina Skenderi, Katharina Wahl-Figlash, Katharina Gelles, Urusla Foeger-Samwald, Markus Thalmann, Maria Tsironi, Thoms Szekeres, Peter Pietschmann
Summary: This observational study found that participation in an ultradistance run led to an overexpression of the phosphaturic hormone FGF23, which may contribute to the short-term uncoupling of bone metabolism.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Kurpas, Karolina Supel, Paulina Wieczorkiewicz, Joanna Bodalska Duleba, Marzenna Zielinska
Summary: This study examined the hypothesis that elevated FGF23 levels may be a CV risk factor among patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study found that FGF23 was elevated in all patients, regardless of ischemic heart disease status, suggesting that its role as a CV risk factor may not be overestimated.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Alexander C. Egbe, William R. Miranda, Carole A. Warnes, Crystal Bonnichsen, Juan Crestanello, Jason H. Anderson, Heidi M. Connolly
Summary: The study aimed to analyze procedural outcomes, hemodynamic improvement, regression of left ventricular mass hypertrophy, and cardiovascular events following repair of coarctation of aorta (COA). Results indicated that persistent hypertension post-repair was associated with suboptimal left ventricular mass index regression and cardiovascular events, suggesting that optimal blood pressure control with medical therapy may lead to improved outcomes.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Gilad Hamdani, Mark M. Mitsnefes, Joseph T. Flynn, Richard C. Becker, Stephen Daniels, Bonita E. Falkner, Michael Ferguson, Stephen R. Hooper, Coral D. Hanevold, Julie R. Ingelfinger, Marc Lande, Lisa J. Martin, Kevin E. Meyers, Bernard Rosner, Joshua Samuels, Elaine M. Urbina
Summary: Adult and pediatric standards differ in predicting LVH, with adult cut points being more sensitive. Pediatric standards are usually based on sex and height, while adult cut points are more effective.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Julie R. Ingelfinger
Summary: Opinions about the effects of sodium intake on blood pressure and stroke risk have been varied over the years, but data shows that high sodium intake is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and death. Reducing sodium intake while increasing potassium intake can lower blood pressure levels and decrease morbidity.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piotr Kmiec, Ewa Zalewska, Katarzyna Kunicka, Ewa Swierblewska, Krzysztof Sworczak
Summary: Recent research has highlighted the importance of mild clinical and biochemical presentations of primary aldosteronism (PA) that do not meet the diagnostic criteria of the syndrome. In this study, the prevalence of autonomous aldosterone secretion (AAS) was evaluated in patients with incidentally discovered adrenal adenomas (AI). Approximately 25% of the patients had AAS, while urinary aldosterone excretion did not exceed 10 ug/day.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Christopher Yanucil, Dominik Kentrup, Isaac Campos, Brian Czaya, Kylie Heitman, David Westbrook, Gunars Osis, Alexander Grabner, Adam R. Wende, Julian Vallejo, Michael J. Wacker, Jose Alberto Navarro-Garcia, Gema Ruiz-Hurtado, Fuming Zhang, Yuefan Song, Robert J. Linhardt, Kenneth White, Michael S. Kapiloff, Christian Faul
Summary: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 is an elevated phosphate-regulating hormone in patients with chronic kidney disease and associated with cardiovascular mortality. This study found that soluble klotho and heparin regulate FGF23 signaling and effects in cardiac myocytes, with opposite effects.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katharina Doerr, Michael Kammer, Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer, Matthias Lorenz, Thomas Prikoszovich, Rodrig Marculescu, Dietrich Beitzke, Alice Wielandner, Reinhold G. Erben, Rainer Oberbauer
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of FGF23 suppression by calcimimetic therapy on LVH progression in patients with chronic kidney disease. The results showed that etelcalcetide treatment inhibited the progression of LVH compared to alfacalcidol, potentially reducing the risk of sudden cardiac death in this population.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Judith Radloff, Maximilian Pagitz, Olena Andrukhova, Rainer Oberbauer, Iwan A. Burgener, Reinhold G. Erben
Summary: The study demonstrated a strong positive association between circulating intact FGF23 and serum aldosterone in human, canine, and feline CKD patients, as well as in experimental murine CKD models. Acute injection of canrenone did not lead to changes in FGF23 levels within 24 hours, but reduced FGF23 in all mice at 72 hours, suggesting that aldosterone may drive enhanced FGF23 secretion in CKD.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manabu Shiraishi, Ken Suzuki, Atsushi Yamaguchi
Summary: Excess deposition of extracellular matrix in the myocardium is associated with reduced left ventricular function. The mechanisms underlying the reversal of fibrosis are not well understood. This study investigated the role of myocardial tissue elasticity in influencing fibroblast phenotype. In vitro experiments using different culture conditions showed that fibroblasts differentiated into activated or matrix-degrading types based on the pericellular environment. Gene expression analysis identified Selenbp1 as a key regulator of fibroblast differentiation. Knockdown of Selenbp1 enhanced fibroblast activation and inhibited matrix degradation. In vivo knockdown of Selenbp1 resulted in tissue fibrosis and diastolic failure in the left ventricle. Selenbp1 appears to be a major molecule involved in regulating collagen turnover in cardiac fibrosis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena Chertok Shacham, Nimra Maman, Tatyana Lazareva, Refaat Masalha, Lila Mahagna, Gala Sela, Avraham Ishay
Summary: The study aims to compare the FGF-23 levels in patients with PHPT, NPHPT, and normal calcium and PTH levels. The findings suggest that NPHPT may be an early stage of PHPT and further research is needed to determine the role of FGF-23 in NPHPT.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sanja Skulj, Zlatko Brkljaca, Jurgen Kreiter, Elena E. Pohl, Mario Vazdar
Summary: Molecular dynamics simulations of uncoupling proteins present a challenge due to the lack of available structural data. In this study, a combination of homology modelling and MD simulations of UCP2 revealed a structure impermeable to water. Additionally, results from conductance measurements in model membranes suggest that the UCP2 structure modeled from ANT protein possesses key functional elements related to proton transport.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ida Marie Boisen, Anders Rehfeld, Iris Mos, Nadia Nicholine Poulsen, John Erik Nielsen, Peter Schwarz, Lars Rejnmark, Steen Dissing, Pernille Bach-Mortensen, Anders Juul, Hans Brauner-Osborne, Beate Lanske, Martin Blomberg Jensen
Summary: This study elucidates the important role of CaSR in human sperm, particularly in sensing calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate ions, and participating in sperm activation and the acrosome reaction.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dian A. Teguh, Jordan L. Nustad, Amanda E. Craven, Daniel J. Brooks, Heike Arlt, Dorothy Hu, Roland Baron, Beate Lanske, Mary L. Bouxsein
Summary: The study showed that Abaloparatide (ABL) can increase bone density and strength in rats, while promoting bone formation and having limited effects on bone resorption.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Phuong T. Le, Hanghang Liu, Lama Alabdulaaly, Yosta Vegting, Isabella L. Calle, Francesca Gori, Beate Lanske, Roland Baron, Clifford J. Rosen
Summary: Conditional deletion of the PTH receptor in mesenchymal progenitors leads to a reduction in osteoblast differentiation and bone mass, while enhancing adipogenesis and bone marrow adipose tissue. The deficiency of Pth1r in mesenchymal progenitors increases the expression of the pro-adipogenic zinc finger transcription factor Zfp467. Genetic loss of Zfp467 results in a shift towards osteogenesis and increased bone mass.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juergen Kreiter, Anne Rupprecht, Sanja Skulj, Zlatko Brkljaca, Kristina Zuna, Denis G. Knyazev, Sarah Bardakji, Mario Vazdar, Elena E. Pohl
Summary: Antenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) serves as a well-known mitochondrial exchanger of ATP and ADP, while also mediating proton transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The regulation of H+ transport by ANT and uncoupling proteins (UCP) may share a similar mechanism, influenced by the presence of long-chain fatty acids. Understanding ANT's dual function in the presence of fatty acids could potentially improve therapies for various diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Blomberg Jensen, Christine Hjorth Andreassen, Anne Jorgensen, John Erik Nielsen, Li Juel Mortensen, Ida Marie Boisen, Peter Schwarz, Jorma Toppari, Roland Baron, Beate Lanske, Anders Juul
Summary: There are limited treatment options for male infertility. The study demonstrates the important role of the receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) signaling pathway in sperm production and maturation, showing potential as a target for male infertility treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eileen J. Daley, Sung-Hee Yoon, Monica Reyes, Michael Bruce, Daniel J. Brooks, Mary Bouxsein, John T. Potts, Henry M. Kronenberg, Marc N. Wein, Beate Lanske, Harald Juppner, Thomas J. Gardella
Summary: Rodent models are commonly used for evaluating pharmacologic activities and therapeutic utility of PTH and PTHrP ligands and analogues. However, the differences in amino acid sequences between rodent and human PTH receptors can lead to variations in receptor-binding and signaling potencies for these ligands. To overcome this uncertainty, a humanized mouse model was created by replacing a segment of the murine PTH1R gene with the human PTH1R gene. This model showed functional responses consistent with a fully functional human PTH1R protein.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alina Smorodchenko, Tatyana Dudnik, Betul Karayay, Valentina Sergeeva, Heidi Olze, J. Szczepek Agnieszka
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Gordova, Evgeniia Grigoreva, Alina Smorodchenko, Valentina Sergeeva
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joseph Wider, Vishnu V. R. Undyala, Beate Lanske, Nabanita S. Datta, Karin Przyklenk
Summary: Research has shown that PTHrP and abaloparatide have cardioprotective effects in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, reducing cardiac cell death and infarct size.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nejla Latic, Ana Zupcic, Danny Frauenstein, Reinhold G. Erben
Summary: High levels of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the impact of FGF23 on cardiovascular function is still debated. A study using a mouse model found that FGF23 excess did not significantly affect cardiovascular function, but did cause hypertension, which was associated with the stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nejla Latic, Mirko Peitzsch, Ana Zupcic, Jens Pietzsch, Reinhold G. Erben
Summary: Increased dietary phosphate intake is associated with severity of coronary artery disease, increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. A mouse experiment showed that chronic elevated dietary phosphate intake can independently cause an increase in blood pressure, possibly through activation of the RAAS and stimulation of the sympathetic tone.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nejla Latic, Reinhold G. Erben
Summary: PTH and FGF23 are major regulators of vitamin D metabolism. Their interaction in the kidney is crucial for maintaining mineral balance. 1,25(OH)(2)D is a key molecule in this system, regulated by FGF23 and PTH. Recent studies have also indicated an important role of vitamin D signaling in cardiovascular health.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Pencik, Cecile Philippe, Michaela Schlederer, Emine Atas, Matteo Pecoraro, Sandra Grund-Groeschke, Wen (Jess) Li, Amanda Tracz, Isabel Heidegger, Sabine Lagger, Karolina Trachtova, Monika Oberhuber, Ellen Heitzer, Osman Aksoy, Heidi A. Neubauer, Bettina Wingelhofer, Anna Orlova, Nadine Witzeneder, Thomas Dillinger, Elisa Redl, Georg Greiner, David D'Andrea, Johnny R. Ostman, Simone Tangermann, Ivana Hermanova, Georg Schaefer, Felix Sternberg, Elena E. Pohl, Christina Sternberg, Adam Varady, Jaqueline Horvath, Dagmar Stoiber, Tim I. Malcolm, Suzanne D. Turner, Eileen E. Parkes, Brigitte Hantusch, Gerda Egger, Stefan Rose-John, Valeria Poli, Suneil Jain, Chris W. D. Armstrong, Gregor Hoermann, Vincent Goffin, Fritz Aberger, Richard Moriggl, Arkaitz Carracedo, Cathal McKinney, Richard D. Kennedy, Helmut Klocker, Michael R. Speicher, Dean G. Tang, Ali A. Moazzami, David M. Heery, Marcus Hacker, Lukas Kenner
Summary: PTEN and STAT3 are frequently co-deleted genes in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). STAT3 controls mPCa through the LKB1/pAMPK/mTORC1/CREB signaling pathway, and metformin can inhibit mPCa growth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Margaret E. Maes, Gloria Colombo, Florianne E. Schoot Uiterkamp, Felix Sternberg, Alessandro Venturino, Elena E. Pohl, Sandra Siegert
Summary: Mitochondrial networks in microglia show different adaptations in vitro and in vivo, with increased fragmentation, content, and perinuclear localization observed in vivo. Knockout of UCP2 in microglia after injury induces cellular stress and results in mitochondrial hyperfusion in male microglia, which is absent in females due to circulating estrogens.