期刊
EMBO JOURNAL
卷 30, 期 23, 页码 4755-4763出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.396
关键词
gene transcription; NTP binding; RNA polymerase; transcription initiation
资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB646, TR5, FOR1068, SFB960]
- NIM
- European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
- European Research Council
- LMU
- Jung-Stiftung
During transcription initiation by RNA polymerase (Pol) II, a transient open promoter complex (OC) is converted to an initially transcribing complex (ITC) containing short RNAs, and to a stable elongation complex (EC). We report structures of a Pol II-DNA complex mimicking part of the OC, and of complexes representing minimal ITCs with 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 nucleotide (nt) RNAs, with and without a non-hydrolyzable nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) in the insertion site +1. The partial OC structure reveals that Pol II positions the melted template strand opposite the active site. The ITC-mimicking structures show that two invariant lysine residues anchor the 3'-proximal phosphate of short RNAs. Short DNA-RNA hybrids adopt a tilted conformation that excludes the +1 template nt from the active site. NTP binding induces complete DNA translocation and the standard hybrid conformation. Conserved NTP contacts indicate a universal mechanism of NTP selection. The essential residue Q1078 in the closed trigger loop binds the NTP 2'-OH group, explaining how the trigger loop couples catalysis to NTP selection, suppressing dNTP binding and DNA synthesis. The EMBO Journal (2011) 30, 4755-4763. doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.396; Published online 4 November 2011
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