Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Naseer Ullah Khan, Zahir Muhammad, Xukun Liu, Jing Lin, Qihong Zheng, Huajie Zhang, Samiullah Malik, Hua He, Liming Shen
Summary: A substrate based on gold nanorods was developed to amplify fluorescence signals and improve the detection sensitivity of biomarkers in exosomes. The method demonstrated excellent performance in terms of detection sensitivity and accuracy, and holds potential for the identification of other biomarkers.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mahesh P. Bhat, Mahaveer Kurkuri, Dusan Losic, Madhuprasad Kigga, Tariq Altalhi
Summary: A PDMS microfluidic channel integrated with a UV-vis fibre-optic spectrometer and a new colorimetric probe was developed for sensitive and real-time quantitative measurements of fluoride ions (F). The device features an 'S' shaped microchannel acting as a microreactor to enhance the reaction between the colorimetric probe and F ions. This optofluidic device demonstrates high sensitivity and selectivity for F ions, outperforming conventional methods in detecting real samples.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Aleksandra Pokrzywnicka, Patrycja Sniadek, Rafal Walczak
Summary: This paper presents an integrated microprism matrix for light coupling and optical sensing systems, fabricated using controlled negative pressure glass thermal reflow process. The controlled coupling of the beam into a substrate was achieved through determination of optimal geometric dimensions of microprisms and configuration of a measurement setup. Fluorimetric tests demonstrated the potential use of a microprism matrix for 500 nm long-pass detection in lab-on-a-chip platforms.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hsiao-Fen Han, Hung-Chi Yen, Hsiu-Chuan Wu, Hsin-Yuan Tan, Wei Xu, Hang-Shiang Jiang, Ping-Jui Tsai, Kun Qian, Yi-Chun Wu, Chia-Chun Chen
Summary: More than 55 million people worldwide live with dementia, with nearly 10 million new cases annually, mainly caused by Alzheimer's disease. Early detection of AD has been challenging due to limited brain imaging facilities and the invasive nature of cerebrospinal fluid assays. A rapid, specific, and ultrasensitive immunoassay using pGOLD chips has shown potential for detection of AD biomarkers at subpicogram per milliliter levels, offering great application potential for early AD detection using blood samples.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Mahmudur Rahman, Kazi Rafiqul Islam, Md. Rashedul Islam, Md. Jahirul Islam, Md. Rejvi Kaysir, Masuma Akter, Md. Arifur Rahman, S. M. Mahfuz Alam
Summary: Single-molecule techniques have revolutionized biological measurements by enabling the probing of individual molecules with high spatial and temporal resolution. Optical and electrical methods are commonly used for single-molecule detection, and advancements in fabrication techniques and optofluidics have paved the way for portable and chip-scale diagnostic tools. This review provides an overview of different single-molecule methods and manipulation techniques, with a focus on electrical control over single molecules.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuting Shang, Gaowa Xing, Xuejiao Liu, Haifeng Lin, Jin-Ming Lin
Summary: A portable microfluidic biosensor has been developed for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 using finger actuation. The biosensor consists of three functional zones and is capable of separating and detecting the target bacteria through immunomagnetic separation, nucleic acid extraction and purification, and signal detection. It offers quantitative detection and high recovery rate, eliminating the need for external pumps and skilled personnel.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Daphika S. Dkhar, Rohini Kumari, Shweta J. Malode, Nagaraj P. Shetti, Pranjal Chandra
Summary: Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) biosensors have attracted research interest for their potential in personal healthcare and disease diagnostics. This review discusses various fabrication methods and techniques for designing LOC sensing devices, as well as the types of transduction systems that play a crucial role in sensing. The detection of analytes, including small molecules, macromolecules, and cells, is comprehensively reviewed with illustrations and tables.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jiahui Zhang, Feng Xu, Ran An, Lin Wang, Min Jiang, Guanghui Wang, Yanqing Lu
Summary: The study proposes an efficient fluorescence excitation and collection system using an integrated GaN chip. The system utilizes a slot waveguide to confine excitation light and introduces a one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide to filter out fluorescence signals and enable multiple excitations. Through numerical analysis, the total fluorescence collection efficiency is determined to be 15.93%. This study introduces the concept of an integrated chip fluorescence detection system, paving the way for miniaturized and portable devices in biomedical fluorescence detection.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Filippo Storti, Silvio Bonfadini, Andrea Di Donato, Luigino Criante
Summary: This work presents a successful combination of femtosecond laser irradiation, CO2 laser polishing, and inkjet printing to fabricate high-quality micro-optic elements. These elements are fully integrated on fused silica substrates and can enhance the optical performance of lab on a chip devices.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Luis Abraham Garcia-Hernandez, Eduardo Martinez-Martinez, Denni Pazos-Solis, Javier Aguado-Preciado, Ateet Dutt, Abraham Ulises Chavez-Ramirez, Brian Korgel, Ashutosh Sharma, Goldie Oza
Summary: This paper reviews recent developments in the detection of cancer cells using the microfluidics-based lab-on-a-chip method, with a focus on techniques that use optical phenomena and various probes for sensing, amplification, and immobilization. The paper also discusses current challenges and prospects for cancer diagnosis.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anna Kobuszewska, Dominik Kolodziejek, Michal Wojasinski, Elzbieta Jastrzebska, Tomasz Ciach, Zbigniew Brzozka
Summary: This study utilized a newly designed microfluidic system and nanofibrous mats to create a cellular model of heart cells, successfully simulating hypoxia in the cells. The results suggest that nanofibrous mats are a suitable surface for cardiac cell culture and enhance the orientation of the cells.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tyler Sano, Han Zhang, Ravipa Losakul, Holger Schmidt
Summary: Integrated biosensor platforms have become popular due to their ability to combine biosensor processes and functions into a single device, reducing response times. This study demonstrates a complete lab-on-chip system that integrates sample preparation, on-chip optofluidic dye laser, and optical detection, showcasing the potential for rapid and portable point-of-care devices.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Giorgio Ventimiglia, Massimiliano Pesaturo, Alastair Malcolm, Salvatore Petralia
Summary: A silicon lab-on-chip, integrating PCR and hybridization microarray, has been developed for nucleic acid detection. The lab-on-chip shows remarkable sensitivity, multiplexing analysis, and specificity for the detection of target sequences.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gianni Antonelli, Arianna Mencattini, Micol Massimiani, Valentina Lacconi, Joanna Filippi, Margherita Losardo, Michele 'Orazio, Paola Casti, Mario Bragaglia, Giorgia Curci, Francesca Nanni, Luisa Campagnolo, Eugenio Martinelli
Summary: Lab-On-Chips (LOCs) offer advantages in studying biological models and evaluating drug efficacy. This research presents a cost-effective technique to integrate optical biosensors into the lab-on-chip and successfully measures pH in human embryonic stem cell cultures, advancing the understanding of cell-scale metabolic mechanisms.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jens Ducree
Summary: This review discusses the challenges and current trends in larger-scale integration of microfluidic systems, highlighting the advantages of centrifugal systems for sample preparation. It also introduces a method using simulation tools for virtual prototyping and design optimization.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Laura Sola, Laura Abdel Mallak, Francesco Damin, Alessandro Mussida, Dario Brambilla, Marcella Chiari
Summary: We conducted a detailed investigation on the effect of a polymeric coating's functional group concentration on probe density immobilization, aiming to find the optimal formulation for specific microarray applications. The performance of a microarray is known to be influenced by the way probes are attached to the surface, and our N, N-dimethylacrylamide-based polymeric coating has shown great flexibility for customizing surface properties. Through synthesizing polymers with increasing concentrations of N-acryloyloxysuccinimide (NAS) and optimizing the coating procedure accordingly, we tested their performance in DNA and protein microarray assays to determine the formulation that improves assay performance in specific applications. The flexibility of this polymeric platform also allowed us to explore different immobilization chemistries, specifically click chemistry reactions, and assess the potential differences generated by this modification.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Marini, A. Nardini, R. Martinez Vazquez, C. Conci, M. Bouzin, M. Collini, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, B. S. Kariman, M. Farsari, E. Kabouraki, M. T. Raimondi, G. Chirico
Summary: Non-linear excitation microscopy has advantages over conventional confocal techniques for in-vivo imaging, but tissue penetration can still be problematic. This study develops and tests fibroblast cell culture plano-convex microlenses for non-linear imaging of biological tissue. The microlenses can be used individually or in an array, and they provide magnified fluorescence images without substantially affecting the signal-to-noise ratio. These results pave the way for optical in-vivo inspection of biological processes using implanted micro-optics.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Marco Piccardo, Michael de Oliveira, Veronica R. R. Policht, Mattia Russo, Benedetto Ardini, Matteo Corti, Gianluca Valentini, Jorge Vieira, Cristian Manzoni, Giulio Cerullo, Antonio Ambrosio
Summary: By introducing a diffractive axicon in a pulse shaper, topological-spectral correlation can be imparted to ultrafast pulses in the visible region with a large range of topological charges. This approach allows for the synthesis of ultrashort pulses with tailored spatial and temporal properties, enabling new possibilities in multimode photonics. The use of a diffractive axicon with circular geometry and a hyperspectral off-axis holography technique enables the control and manipulation of various properties of wave packets.
Article
Optics
Nicola Coluccelli, Giovanni Cichelli, Paolo Laporta, Giulio Cerullo
Summary: We propose a system that combines a high-energy femtosecond ytterbium laser, an optical parametric amplifier, and a photonic crystal hollow core fiber compressor for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy. The use of the compressor allows for matching the duration of the Stokes pulse to that of the pump pulse, resulting in improved excitation efficiency. Experimental results and a theoretical model are presented to quantify the expected sensitivity improvement. The system is successfully demonstrated for detecting bacterial spores on a surface with a single laser shot, achieving an unprecedented signal-to-noise ratio.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Francesco Damin, Silvia Galbiati, Nicola Clementi, Roberto Ferrarese, Nicasio Mancini, Laura Sola, Marcella Chiari
Summary: Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, monitoring and tracking the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants is crucial for adjusting public health interventions. However, genome sequencing is not cost-effective and rapid. We have developed a microarray-based assay that can accurately detect known viral variants present in clinical samples by detecting mutations in the Spike protein gene. This assay can genotype the WHO-reported variants of concern (VOCs) in patient samples.
Article
Optics
Valeria Cimini, Mauro Valeri, Emanuele Polino, Simone Piacentini, Francesco Ceccarelli, Giacomo Corrielli, Nicolo Spagnolo, Roberto Osellame, Fabio Sciarrino
Summary: This study proposes a model-free and deep-learning-based approach to efficiently implement Bayesian quantum metrology tasks without relying on precise knowledge of the system model. A neural network is trained directly on experimental data to learn the multiparameter Bayesian update, and a reinforcement learning algorithm provides feedback to set the system at its optimal working point. Experimental results demonstrate higher estimation performances compared to standard methods, showcasing the strength of combining these two black-box algorithms on an integrated photonic circuit.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ana Senkic, Antonio Supina, Mert Akturk, Christoph Gadermaier, Margherita Maiuri, Giulio Cerullo, Natasa Vujicic
Summary: Using non-invasive techniques, we investigated the spatial distribution of defects in as-grown CVD MoS2 monolayers and found that increasing the growth temperature reduces the concentration of defects and changes their spatial distribution and type, leading to effects on the electronic and optical properties of the sample.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charalambos Louca, Armando Genco, Salvatore Chiavazzo, Thomas P. Lyons, Sam Randerson, Chiara Trovatello, Peter Claronino, Rahul Jayaprakash, Xuerong Hu, James Howarth, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Stefano Dal Conte, Roman Gorbachev, David G. Lidzey, Giulio Cerullo, Oleksandr Kyriienko, Alexander I. Tartakovskii
Summary: Highly nonlinear excitonic and polaritonic effects are observed in bilayer MoS2 by employing hybridized interlayer excitons (hIX). The discovery of new types of excitonic species with strong inter-excitonic interactions provides new tools for studying few-polariton quantum correlations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kirsty E. McGhee, Michele Guizzardi, Rahul Jayaprakash, Kyriacos Georgiou, Till Jessewitsch, Ullrich Scherf, Giulio Cerullo, Anton Zasedatelev, Tersilla Virgili, Pavlos G. Lagoudakis, David G. Lidzey
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy for the ultrafast control of polariton resonances by modifying the optical cavity mode. The researchers successfully generated fully-reversible blueshifts of the lower polariton branch without reducing the exciton-photon coupling strength. This work has important applications in emerging computing technologies.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chiara Ceconello, Federico Vernuccio, Arianna Bresci, Francesco Manetti, Salvatore Sorrentino, Renzo Vanna, Giulio Cerullo, Dario Polli
Summary: Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering is a powerful technique for label-free vibrational imaging of biological samples. In this study, we demonstrate video-rate wide-field signal generation and acquisition for real-time investigation of fast biological dynamics. Our results pave the way for future clinical diagnostics applications with video-rate imaging capabilities.
HIGH-SPEED BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY VIII
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Paolo Franceschini, Veronica R. Policht, Alessandra Milloch, Andrea Ronchi, Selene Mor, Simon Mellaerts, Wei -Fan Hsu, Stefania Pagliara, Gabriele Ferrini, Francesco Banfi, Michele Fabrizio, Mariela Menghini, Jean-Pierre Locquet, Stefano Dal Conte, Giulio Cerullo, Claudio Giannetti
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate coherent optical control of orbital occupation in V2O3, which determines the insulator-to-metal transition. Comparing experimental results with numerical solutions, we find that the electronic coherence time is approximately 5 fs. Temperature-dependent experiments also reveal an enhanced electronic coherence time near the critical temperature of the transition, emphasizing the role of fluctuations in determining electronic coherence. These findings provide new possibilities for selectively switching quantum materials' functionalities and coherently controlling solid-solid electronic transformations.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Mauro Valeri, Valeria Cimini, Simone Piacentini, Francesco Ceccarelli, Emanuele Polino, Francesco Hoch, Gabriele Bizzarri, Giacomo Corrielli, Nicolo Spagnolo, Roberto Osellame, Fabio Sciarrino
Summary: By using quantum probes and adaptive learning techniques, we successfully achieved simultaneous measurement of three optical phases in a programmable integrated photonic circuit under limited resources. These results demonstrate the possibility of successfully combining different fundamental methodologies towards transitioning to quantum sensor applications.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Giulia Folpini, Maurizia Palummo, Daniele Cortecchia, Luca Moretti, Giulio Cerullo, Annamaria Petrozza, Giacomo Giorgi, Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada
Summary: We investigate the effect of metal cation substition on the excitonic structure and dynamics in a prototypical Ruddlesden-Popper metal halide. Through an in-depth spectroscopic and theoretical analysis, we identify the presence of multiple resonances in the optical spectra of a phenethyl ammonium tin iodide, a tin-based RPMH. Based on ab initio calculations, we assign these resonances to distinct exciton series that originate from the splitting of the conduction band due to spin-orbit coupling. While the splitting energy in the tin based system is low enough to enable the observation of the higher lying exciton in the visible-range spectrum of the material, the higher splitting energy in the lead counterpart prevents the emergence of such a feature. We elucidate the critical role played by the higher lying excitonic state in the ultrafast carrier thermalization dynamics.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andrea Schirato, Margherita Maiuri, Giulio Cerullo, Giuseppe Della Valle
Summary: Metallic nanostructures with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) provide unprecedented opportunities for advanced photonic materials and devices. The generation and relaxation processes of hot electrons in LSPs have been intensively studied, but their practical applications remain challenging due to the complexity and broad energy range involved. This paper reviews the authors' contribution to understanding ultrafast hot electron dynamics in plasmonic nanostructures, including experimental techniques, numerical modeling, and the design of novel optical functionalities enabled by ultrafast hot-electron dynamics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Floriana Morabito, Kevin Synnatschke, Jake Dudley Mehew, Sebin Varghese, Charles James Sayers, Giulia Folpini, Annamaria Petrozza, Giulio Cerullo, Klaas-Jan Tielrooij, Jonathan Coleman, Valeria Nicolosi, Christoph Gadermaier
Summary: Liquid-phase exfoliation enables the production of nanosheet films of 2D semiconductors with exceptionally long carrier lifetime, which is suitable for applications such as light harvesting and sensing.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)