Article
Optics
Mohd Farman Ali, Zaid Jawed, Vinamra Raj, Gaurav Varshney
Summary: A tunable filtering THz antenna is designed and numerically studied with a slotted monopole radiator and defected ground structure. It operates with a wideband response and an impedance bandwidth in the range of 3.80-11.98 THz for S-11 <=-10 dB. By varying the chemical potential, the antenna response can achieve tunability in the frequency and bandwidth of the filtered band in the range of 5.05-6.69 THz with graphene material. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits a radiation efficiency of more than 90% and a gain peak value of 6.6 dBi in the passband.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Masahiro Asada, Safumi Suzuki
Summary: This paper reviews recent progress in resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) terahertz (THz) oscillators, which are compact semiconductor THz sources, including principles and characteristics of oscillation, studies addressing high-frequency and high output power, a structure which can easily be fabricated, frequency tuning, spectral narrowing, different polarizations, and select applications. Fundamental oscillation up to 1.98 THz and output power of 0.7 mW at 1 THz by a large-scale array have been reported, with structures integrated with cylindrical and rectangular cavities proposed for high-frequency and high output power. Wide electrical tuning of 400-900 GHz has been demonstrated using oscillators integrated with varactor diodes and their arrays. A line width as narrow as 1 Hz has been obtained for spectral narrowing through use of a phase-locked loop system with a frequency-tunable oscillator. Basic research for various applications of RTD oscillators has been carried out, with discussion of recent results related to imaging, spectroscopy, high-capacity wireless communication, and radar systems.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hui Chen, Hadi Sarieddeen, Tarig Ballal, Henk Wymeersch, Mohamed-Slim Alouini, Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri
Summary: This paper explores the prospects, challenges, and requirements of Terahertz (THz) localization techniques in THz communications. It reviews the history and trends of localization methods and discusses their objectives, constraints, and applications in contemporary communication systems. The latest advances in THz communications and THz-specific channel and system models are detailed. The paper formulates THz-band localization as a 3D position/orientation estimation problem and discusses geometry-based localization techniques and potential extensions.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Arjun Singh, Vitaly Petrov, Hichem Guerboukha, Innem V. A. K. Reddy, Edward W. Knightly, Daniel M. Mittleman, Josep M. Jornet
Summary: This article discusses the prospects and challenges of Terahertz band communications. Despite progress in hardware design, channel models, and signal processing, there are still difficulties in implementing widespread communication systems.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Vincas Tamosiunas, Linas Minkevicius, Ignotas Bucius, Domas Jokubauskis, Karolis Redeckas, Gintaras Valusis
Summary: Terahertz imaging is a powerful technique for exploring non-conducting materials and their arrangements. This study presents the design and performance of a low-cost THz imaging system, and discusses further approaches for cost reduction.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Anuar de Jesus Fernandez Olivera, Benedikt Leander Krause, Andres Betancur-Perez, Uttam Nandi, Cristina de Dios, Pablo Acedo, Sascha Preu
Summary: This new scheme for terahertz pulse detection utilizes optoelectronic downconversion for frequency selective analysis, allowing for ultra-high-resolution measurements without the need for long scanning ranges or synchronization of two MLLs. It serves as a metrology tool for fundamental resolution and stability limits analysis, as well as for examining components or gas spectroscopy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mahdi Asgari, Dominique Coquillat, Guido Menichetti, Valentina Zannier, Nina Diakonova, Wojciech Knap, Lucia Sorba, Leonardo Viti, Miriam Serena Vitiello
Summary: Low-dimensional nanosystems show promise in manipulating and controlling photons with large sensitivities, and by quantum engineering tailored energy levels of localized electrons can result in efficient quantum sensors. Utilizing few-electron physics, millimeter-wave nanodetectors have been developed to efficiently sense radiation at 0.6 THz with low noise levels, opening up prospects for quantum communications and cryptography.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthias M. Wiecha, Rohit Kapoor, Alexander Chernyadiev, Kestutis Ikamas, Alvydas Lisauskas, Hartmut G. Roskos
Summary: The study reports the successful implementation of antenna-coupled terahertz field-effect transistors (TeraFETs) as homodyne detectors in a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscope (s-SNOM) operating with radiation at 246.5 GHz. The high sensitivity enables s-SNOM demodulation at up to the 10th harmonic of the cantilever's oscillation frequency. This type of detector device is able to cover the entire THz frequency range.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Shunli Ma, Tianxiang Wu, Jincheng Zhang, Junyan Ren
Summary: This article introduces an event-driven sensor chip for 5G wireless online power line disturbance monitoring network, which can achieve faster response time. Through research on circuit design, simulation, and measurement, it is demonstrated that the sensor chip can provide different frequency outputs and realize signal communication with a distance of 3 kilometers.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhaoji Fang, Hichem Guerboukha, Rabi Shrestha, Malachi Hornbuckle, Yasith Amarasinghe, Daniel M. Mittleman
Summary: Terahertz wireless links offer the potential for physical-layer security through high directionality and path loss. This study investigates the resilience against eavesdropping attacks in a directional terahertz link that utilizes water vapor absorption resonances for enhanced security. By tuning the carrier frequency relative to the water vapor absorption line, the atmospheric attenuation can be controlled, limiting the broadcast range of the signal. Experimental and computational analysis show the feasibility of using atmospheric conditions to restrict the broadcast range, paving the way for a simple yet powerful physical-layer security protocol in the terahertz range.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qi Li, Amiya Nayak, Xiaoxiang Wang, Dongyu Wang, F. Richard Yu
Summary: This paper studies a collaborative caching-transmission method in cache-enabled terahertz (THz) heterogeneous networks to mitigate the impact of the dramatic growth of wireless video traffic. A novel scalable video coding (SVC)-based two-tier cooperative caching strategy and a hierarchical hybrid transmission scheme are proposed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve quasi-optimal performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tianqi Mao, Zhaocheng Wang
Summary: Terahertz wireless communication technology promises ultra-high-rate transmission up to Terabit per second, but hardware imperfections such as phase noise and nonlinearity of power amplifier cannot be overlooked. A novel pilot design strategy based on index modulation is proposed to address this issue, coupled with a turbo receiving algorithm for improved detection of pilot indices and channel estimation. Both analytical and simulation results validate the enhancement in bit-error rate performance and channel estimation accuracy achieved by the proposed schemes, while also increasing spectral efficiency compared to traditional methods.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shahid Bashir, Mohammed H. Alsharif, Imran Khan, Mahmoud A. Albreem, Aduwati Sali, Borhanuddin Mohd Ali, Wonjong Noh
Summary: With the development of wireless communication technology, terahertz communication has emerged as a crucial technique for future mobile communications, with great application prospects in military-civilian integration and coordinated development. China has made significant breakthroughs in key technologies of terahertz high data rate communications, remaining in line with the most advanced technological level globally. The integration of MIMO technology in the terahertz band shows improved data rates and channel capacity compared to a single channel.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Christina Chaccour, Mehdi Naderi Soorki, Walid Saad, Mehdi Bennis, Petar Popovski
Summary: Wireless virtual reality requires high-rate, high-reliability, and low-latency communications. In a terahertz network, line of sight has a significant impact on reliability, while abundant bandwidth and low molecular absorption also play a role.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Liangliang Lou, Miao Zhou, Biao Chen, Mingan Lu, Chunlei Zheng, Shiqing Zhang
Summary: The Smart Parking System (SPS) has been effective in solving urban parking problems by utilizing battery-powered Wireless Parking Detectors (WPDs) based on IoT technology. However, the low turnover rates of parking spaces in Shanghai, China result in wasted energy from the collection and processing of redundant sensor data by WPDs. This paper proposes an Energy Harvesting-driven Parking Detection (EHPD) method that uses vehicle-induced seismic signals and wireless energy attenuation to achieve parking detection. Experimental results demonstrate that EHPD can achieve the same functions as existing WPD devices with lower cost and energy consumption.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hiroshi Ito, Norihiko Shibata, Tadao Nagatsuma, Tadao Ishibashi
Summary: We have developed a novel terahertz-wave detector on a SiC platform using an InP/InGaAs FMB diode. The detector exhibits a low noise equivalent power and has successfully integrated a waveguide coupler and filters.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Atsushi Oshiro, Naoki Nishigami, Takumi Yamamoto, Yosuke Nishida, Julian Webber, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: In this study, we introduced a new method for achieving high-speed transmission in THz wireless communications using PAM4 modulation. The use of an RTD receiver, which has higher sensitivity and nonlinearity compared to conventional diode receivers, was demonstrated. By utilizing quasi-real-time digital signal processing, we achieved a transmission rate of 24 Gbaud (48 Gbit/s) in the 300 GHz band, which is the fastest PAM4 wireless communication method known to date.
IEICE ELECTRONICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Ratmalgre Koala, Kei Iyoda, Weijie Gao, Yuji Matsuura, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: Existing interconnects suffer from high losses and low data throughput, while emerging data-intensive technologies require low-loss, short-range interconnects. In this study, we developed an efficient 22-Gbit/s terahertz fiber link using a tapered silicon interface as a coupler between the dielectric waveguide and hollow core fiber. By investigating the optical properties of hollow-core fibers with core diameters of 0.7 mm and 1 mm, we achieved a coupling efficiency of -60% and a 3-dB bandwidth of 150 GHz in the 0.3-THz band over a 10 cm fiber.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Julian Webber, Takumi Yamamoto, Naoki Nishigami, Yosuke Nishida, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: The paper presents an experiment on wireless communication in the terahertz band using a resonant tunneling diode receiver (Rx) and uni-travelling carrier photodiode transmitter. The use of intermediate-frequency-based transmission enables a low-complexity envelope-detection type Rx architecture for complex-modulated signals. Data rates of 60 and 68 Gbit/s are achieved for quadrature phase shift keying modulation and 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation respectively, with forward error correction enabling data recovery.
ELECTRONICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Brendan M. M. Heffernan, Yuma Kawamoto, Keisuke Maekawa, James Greenberg, Rubab Amin, Takashi Hori, Tatsuya Tanigawa, Tadao Nagatsuma, Antoine Rolland
Summary: Future wireless communication infrastructure will depend on terahertz systems to meet the increasing demand for high-bandwidth, ultra-fast wireless data transfer. To achieve this, compact, low-power, and low noise terahertz radiation sources are being developed. One promising approach is combining photonic-integrated optical frequency combs with fast photodiodes for difference frequency generation in the THz. In this experiment, wireless communication was demonstrated using a 300 GHz carrier wave generated by photomixing of two optical tones from diode lasers injection locked to a dissipative Kerr soliton frequency microcomb. Transfer rates of 80 Gbps were achieved using homodyne detection, and 60 Gbps were transmitted simultaneously for both data and clock signals in a dual-path wireless link. This experimental demonstration paves the way for low-noise and integrated photonic millimeter-wave transceivers for future wireless communication systems.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ratmalgre Koala, Kei Iyoda, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: The authors investigated the transmission performance of orthogonal polarization fundamental modes in a dielectric silicon terahertz waveguide for doubling the data rate. The maximum data rate under on-off keying modulation at 0.3-THz band with practical error-free condition (bit-error rate < 10(-11)) is comparable for both polarizations, reaching 20 Gbit/s.
ELECTRONICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Li Yi, Yihan Li, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: This article provides an overview of recent progress in photonic radar systems, focusing on hardware components, imaging technology, and radar imaging applications in the millimeter wave to terahertz frequency bands. The potential for high-resolution imaging techniques enabled by photonic radar systems is also discussed.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guillermo Carpintero, Elliott Brown, Tadao Nagatsuma, Pham Tien Dat, Lute Maleki, Daniel Yap, Andreas Stohr
Summary: This Special Issue of the IEEE/OSA Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics on Terahertz Photonics provides an overview of the latest developments in the field, covering a wide range from 100 GHz to 10 THz. Terahertz Photonics has played a leading role in accessing the Terahertz range, enabling important demonstrations in areas such as broadband communications, spectroscopy, and imaging through innovative THz sources and detectors.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Akihiko Hirata, Tubasa Saijo, Yuma Kawamoto, Tadao Nagatsuma, Issei Watanabe, Norihiko Sekine, Akifumi Kasamatsu
Summary: This study experimentally evaluated the transmission characteristics of a 120-GHz-band close-proximity wireless link using split-ring resonator (SRR) millimeter-wave absorber integrated on planar slot antennas. The results showed that the integration of the absorber reduced signal fluctuations and enabled successful transmission of high-speed data over the wireless link.
IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Daniel Headland, Masayuki Fujita, Guillermo Carpintero, Tadao Nagatsuma, Withawat Withayachumnankul
Summary: The absence of a suitable standard device platform for terahertz waves is hindering the widespread adoption and exploitation of terahertz technology. However, establishing a common platform using substrateless all-silicon microstructures can consolidate design efforts and move beyond disconnected efforts. The all-silicon microstructures offer low loss, compactness, designability, physical rigidity, ease of manufacture, and versatility in integrating various functional devices and systems.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Keisuke Maekawa, Yuma Kawamoto, Tomoya Nakashita, Toki Yoshioka, Takashi Hori, Brendan M. Heffernan, James Greenberg, Rubab Amin, Tatsuya Tanigawa, Antoine Rolland, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: We propose a THz wireless link using photonics-based signal generators with ultralow amplitude- and phase-noise Brillouin laser sources for the transmitter and receiver. Furthermore, we demonstrate the successful transmission of over-100-Gbit/s signals at 300 GHz with on-line signal processing.
2023 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION, OFC
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohamed Shehata, Ke Wang, Julian Webber, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma, Withawat Withayachumnankul
Summary: We propose and experimentally demonstrate a Nyquist pulse that significantly improves the error rate of a 311 GHz photonic-terahertz communications system compared to a normalized timing-jitter of 22.5% and 1.44 Gbit/s bit rate.
2023 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION, OFC
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sumer Makhlouf, Oleg Cojocari, Martin Hofmann, Tadao Nagatsuma, Sascha Preu, Nils Weimann, Heinz-Wilhelm Huebers, Andreas Stoehr
Summary: This manuscript reports on the latest achievements in terahertz sources and receivers, providing a comprehensive overview of their working principles and applications in THz systems.
IEEE JOURNAL OF MICROWAVES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hiroshi Ito, Yuma Kawamoto, Takahiro Ohara, Tadao Nagatsuma, Tadao Ishibashi
Summary: In this study, a terahertz-wave balanced mixer was developed on a SiC substrate using epi-layer-transferred InP/InGaAs Fermi-level managed barrier diodes. The mixer exhibited a wide intermediate frequency bandwidth and high inter-port isolations. It also achieved a low noise equivalent power at high local-oscillator power.
IEICE ELECTRONICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel Jonathan Headland, Yosuke Nishida, Xiongbin Yu, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma
Summary: This study presents an effective method for connecting a terahertz oscillator chip with a broadband all-intrinsic-silicon dielectric waveguide through backside coupling. By using resonant tunneling diodes as compact electronic terahertz oscillators, terahertz waves from 270 GHz to 404 GHz were successfully observed.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
