Article
Plant Sciences
Ilya E. Zlobin, Alexander Kartashov, Yury Ivanov, Alexandra I. Ivanova, Vladimir V. Kuznetsov
Summary: This study investigated the performance of plants under drought and post-drought recovery by inducing artificial loss of xylem conducting area. The results revealed that stems have significant hydraulic overcapacity and there is hysteresis in the recovery of stomatal conductance.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Amy N. A. Aritsara, Ming-Yuan Ni, Yong-Qiang Wang, Chao-Long Yan, Wen-Hao Zeng, Hui-Qing Song, Kun-Fang Cao, Shi-Dan Zhu
Summary: In this study, we examined the relationship between xylem structure and hydraulic traits, water storage, and growth rate in 22 tree species from a subtropical karst forest in southern China. We found that larger vessel diameter, paratracheal parenchyma, and higher saturated water content were associated with higher hydraulic conductivity. Embolism resistance was not correlated with anatomical traits and did not trade off with hydraulic conductivity. The growth rate was independent of hydraulic traits in small trees, but in large trees, higher hydraulic conductivity and greater embolism resistance led to higher growth rate.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenfei Wu, Linhui Zhu, Pan Wang, Yuwu Liao, Lanjuan Duan, Kai Lin, Xin Chen, Lijie Li, Jiajing Xu, Hao Hu, Zeng-Fu Xu, Jun Ni
Summary: This study identified 59,948 expressed genes from major vegetative tissues of Eucalyptus through transcriptome sequencing. The key gene families involved in GA biosynthesis, degradation, and signaling were investigated and compared with other plants. Analysis of gene expression patterns showed diverse responses to abiotic stresses. Overexpression of EguGA20ox1 and EguGA20ox2 in Arabidopsis promoted vegetative growth but increased sensitivity to stress, while EguGA2ox1 overexpression enhanced stress resistance. Overexpression of EguGA20ox in Eucalyptus roots accelerated hairy root growth and improved xylem differentiation. This study provides comprehensive insights into GA metabolism and signaling genes in Eucalyptus and identifies their role in growth, stress tolerance, and xylem development, benefiting molecular breeding efforts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kara R. Lind, Oskar Siemianowski, Bin Yuan, Tom Sizmur, Hannah VanEvery, Souvik Banerjee, Ludovico Cademartiri
Summary: Root systems can adapt to spatially discontinuous water availability patterns even with minimal water potential gradients, showing increased adaptation in scarce water conditions. Plants may be more sensitive to water gradients compared to artificial water sensors, or may have developed unique mechanisms for water foraging in the absence of external water potential gradients.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose Altino Machado Filho, Weverton Pereira Rodrigues, Danilo Forca Baroni, Saulo Pireda, Glaziele Campbell, Guilherme Augusto Rodrigues de Souza, Abraao Carlos Verdin Filho, Sara Dousseau Arantes, Lucio de Oliveira Arantes, Maura da Cunha, Gregory A. Gambetta, Miroslava Rakocevic, Jose Cochicho Ramalho, Eliemar Campostrini
Summary: This study investigated the impact of hydraulic traits on the growth of different coffee cultivars at early seedling stages, finding that hydraulic conductivity was linked to growth traits and influenced physiological characteristics such as leaf water potential, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Even under well-watered conditions, the cultivars exhibited key differences in hydraulic traits under high VPDair, suggesting that hydraulic traits can be considered in breeding programs to select more drought-tolerant and efficient genotypes.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fabrice Bauget, Virginia Protto, Christophe Pradal, Yann Boursiac, Christophe Maurel
Summary: Root water uptake is driven by hydrostatic and osmotic forces. A hydraulic tree model was developed to integrate solute pumping and leak in root system architecture to explain water transport characteristics under water deficit conditions. Inverse modeling approach was used to determine radial and axial hydraulic conductivities under water deficit conditions. The model provides insights into the effects of water deficit on root transport parameters.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Helen Holmlund
Summary: The study reveals that three desiccation-tolerant fern species are also tolerant to freezing at -7 degrees C, identifying traits that may confer both freezing tolerance and desiccation tolerance in these plants. The authors discovered freezing-induced activation of violaxanthin de-epoxidase in desiccation-tolerant ferns in the absence of light, providing further evidence for overlap between desiccation tolerance and freezing tolerance in the plant kingdom.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Zidong Luo, Yunpeng Nie, Huade Guan, Hongsong Chen, Xinping Zhang, Kelin Wang
Summary: Root-zone water replenishment and bypass dynamics have significant impacts on hydrological and ecological systems. Using isotope balance method, this study estimated the proportion of root-zone water replenished by precipitation and found that it was higher during the transition from dry season/soil to wet season/soil. Root-zone water bypass was prevalent under various climates, occurring through downward drainage or evaporation loss. Antecedent soil water condition and rooting depth were identified as key factors regulating the dynamics of root-zone water.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Mark E. Olson
Summary: The study of xylem structure-function relationships is crucial in biology, with an innovative 'within-individual' approach showing promising results in understanding this aspect.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Saroj Kumar Sah, Kambham Raja Reddy, Jiaxu Li
Summary: Silicate application enhanced plant height, leaf area, and total dry weight of soybean plants. Significant increases in root volumes were observed in both silicate-treated cultivars under water-limiting conditions (33% irrigation). Additionally, silicate-treated plants showed higher water use efficiency and improved soil moisture retention.
Article
Plant Sciences
Christopher F. Strock, James D. Burridge, Miranda D. Niemiec, Kathleen M. Brown, Jonathan P. Lynch
Summary: Variation in root anatomy and architecture affects plant strategies of drought avoidance, with different legume species utilizing water differently based on their root structures. Root depth and architecture impact how plants cope with drought, highlighting the importance of understanding the interaction between root morphology and depth in determining plant responses to water stress.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Nuengsap Thangthong, Sanun Jogloy, Nuntawoot Jongrungklang, Craig K. Kvien, Ian C. Dodd, Nimitr Vorasoot
Summary: The study found that different peanut genotypes exhibit varying root anatomy changes under drought conditions, with ICGV 98,324 showing strong adaptability to changes in soil moisture, leading to alterations in xylem structure. This adaptative capacity may play a crucial role in improving water-use efficiencies in both moist and drought conditions for plants.
JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jia Song, Santiago Trueba, Xiao-Han Yin, Kun-Fang Cao, Timothy J. Brodribb, Guang-You Hao
Summary: This study found evidence of hydraulic vulnerability segmentation (HVS) in compound-leaved tree species during drought, with stems showing higher embolism resistance compared to petioles and leaflets. The coordinated variation in embolism vulnerability between organs suggests that shedding more expendable organs such as leaflets and petioles can protect the hydraulic system of stems, enabling compound-leaved trees to better withstand drought stress.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianyuan Qin, Ali Kazim, Yihao Wang, Dormatey Richard, Panfeng Yao, Zhenzhen Bi, Yuhui Liu, Chao Sun, Jiangping Bai
Summary: Crop growth and development are often affected by various stresses, with the root system playing a crucial role in drought response. Understanding the genes that control root development can lead to the incorporation of stress-tolerant genes in breeding and the development of drought-tolerant cultivars.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
X. J. Li, C. X. Yao, R. Qiu, J. K. Bai, C. Liu, Y. G. Chen, S. J. Li
Summary: In this study, a total of 19 bacterial strains with strong antifungal activities against Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of tobacco root rot, were obtained. The strain Ba-0321 exhibited the highest antifungal effect of 75% and showed broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. In vitro and in vivo assays confirmed its potential as a biological control agent for tobacco root rot, promoting root development and enhancing the growth of tobacco plants.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Laura Bertini, Silvia Proietti, Francesca Focaracci, Fabiana Canini, Leon A. Bravo, Claudia Rabert, Carla Caruso
Summary: The Antarctic ecotype of Colobanthus quitensis, a vascular plant highly adapted to harsh environmental conditions, is facing rapid local warming, making the identification of molecular mechanisms crucial. Suitable reference genes for quantification are important for accurate analysis, and this study evaluated their stability under different stress conditions. Identified reference genes will enhance qRT-PCR accuracy for gene expression studies of C. quitensis and potentially other cold-adapted ecotypes.
Review
Agronomy
Celian Roman-Figueroa, Leon Bravo, Manuel Paneque, Rodrigo Navia, Mara Cea
Summary: Frost is a significant abiotic stress for plants and crops, with two mechanisms for protection: freezing avoidance and freezing tolerance. While there are many products available for crop protection against freezing, more information is needed to determine their effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Olman Gomez-Espinoza, Daniel Gonzalez-Ramirez, Jairo Mendez-Gomez, Rossy Guillen-Watson, Alejandro Medaglia-Mata, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the ecotypic variability of CaOx crystal accumulation in Colobanthus quitensis and found significant differences in crystal accumulation among different populations, possibly linked to processes of ecotypic differentiation and plant adaptation to harsh environments.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jorge Gonzalez-Villagra, Marjorie M. Reyes-Diaz, Ricardo Tighe-Neira, Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau, Ana Luengo Escobar, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: The application of salicylic acid (SA) was found to enhance plant growth and improve photosynthetic performance and enzyme activity in A. chilensis plants subjected to moderate drought stress. SA also increased total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in drought-stressed plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Carolina Sanhueza, Daniela Cortes, Danielle A. Way, Francisca Fuentes, Luisa Bascunan-Godoy, Nestor Fernandez Del-Saz, Patricia L. Saez, Leon A. Bravo, Lohengrin A. Cavieres
Summary: Projected rises in atmospheric CO2 concentration and minimum night-time temperatures may have important effects on plant carbon metabolism in the Antarctic Peninsula. The response of the two vascular plant species, Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica, to elevated CO2 levels and nocturnal warming were assessed. The results showed that C. quitensis had reduced photosynthesis under elevated CO2 or nocturnal warming, while D. antarctica was not affected. Changes in mitochondrial size and number were observed in both species. The study suggests that D. antarctica may be more successful than C. quitensis in adapting to climate change.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Krzysztof Herman, Mauricio Montanares, Leon Bravo, Joanna Plenzler
Summary: This article documents a custom sensor-actuator network used to study the long-term phenological response of Antarctic plants. The study provides an introduction to the research background and experimental methods, followed by a detailed description of the network and its results obtained during Antarctic summer seasons. The results show a nighttime temperature difference of 5 degrees Celsius for plants that were actively warmed using thermal actuators.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jorge Gago, Miquel Nadal, Maria Jose Clemente-Moreno, Carlos Maria Figueroa, David Barbosa Medeiros, Neus Cubo-Ribas, Lohengrin Alexis Cavieres, Javier Gulias, Alisdair Robert Fernie, Jaume Flexas, Leon Aloys Bravo
Summary: Deschampsia antarctica is a native vascular plant in Antarctica, and the availability of nutrients in the soil affects its photosynthetic and stress tolerance mechanisms. Plants growing on low-nutrient availability soils have more limiting photosynthetic and stress tolerance performances, while plants in nutrient-rich soils show vigorous growth without appreciable levels of stress.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Paulina Pradel, Leon A. Bravo, Carolina Merino, Nicole Trefault, Rodrigo Rodriguez, Heike Knicker, Claudia Jara, Giovanni Larama, Francisco Matus
Summary: The impacts of rapid warming on soil organic matter decomposition in King George Island, Maritime Antarctic, remain unclear. Most vegetation cover is dominated by mosses, which contribute carbohydrates and C-alkyl but lack lignin for aromatic compounds and humus formation. The response of Antarctic microbial respiration to substrate and temperature increase is not yet understood.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
C. Hernandez-Fuentes, J. Galmes, L. A. Bravo, L. A. Cavieres
Summary: The study analyzed the intrinsic traits of Phacelia secunda populations from different elevations in the Chilean Andes and their acclimation of photosynthesis to warmer temperatures. The results showed that plants from higher elevations had slightly lower CO2 assimilation rates but increased diffusive components of photosynthesis compared to plants from lower elevations. Moreover, plants from high elevations had lower photosynthetic acclimation to warmer temperatures, indicating higher susceptibility to global warming.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dariel Lopez, Carolina Sanhueza, Haroldo Salvo-Garrido, Luisa Bascunan-Godoy, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diurnal and nocturnal warming on the freezing resistance of Antarctic vascular plants. The results showed that nocturnal warming weakened the freezing resistance of Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis, leading to reduced expression of dehydrin-like peptides and decreased sucrose content in both species. Therefore, while both species still have some freezing resistance during summer freezing events, C. quitensis may reach its freezing vulnerability limits in the near future if warming in the Antarctic Peninsula continues.
Review
Plant Sciences
Humberto A. Gajardo, Olman Gomez-Espinoza, Pedro Boscariol Ferreira, Helaine Carrer, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: Worldwide food security is threatened by climate change, as major staple crops are not adapted to harsh climatic and soil conditions. Traditional breeding and molecular techniques have been used to maintain crop yield, but additional strategies are needed to meet future food demand. CRISPR/Cas technology and its variants have emerged as alternatives for genetically modifying crops to withstand abiotic stress. This review summarizes current advancements in CRISPR/Cas applications for addressing hostile soil conditions and explores the potential of extreme plants for developing new molecular mechanisms for stress tolerance in crops.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dariel Lopez, Giovanni Larama, Patricia L. Saez, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: Warming in the Antarctic Peninsula is rapidly increasing and expected to become more imbalanced. It has already affected the growth and reproduction of Antarctic plants, leading to decreased freezing tolerance. Limited evidence exists about the effects of diurnal and nocturnal warming on freezing tolerance-related gene expression in D. antarctica.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Genesis Parada-Pozo, Leon A. Bravo, Patricia L. Saez, Lohengrin A. Cavieres, Marjorie Reyes-Diaz, Sebastian Abades, Fernando D. Alfaro, Rodrigo De la Iglesia, Nicole Trefault
Summary: This study characterized the diversity and composition of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of Antarctic vascular plants and evaluated the effect of soil warming on microbial communities. The results showed that eukaryotic communities in the rhizosphere were more sensitive to warming compared to bacterial communities.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Thanh Phuong Pham Nguyen, Licia A. Bravo, Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre, Allison W. Willis
Article
Plant Sciences
Pieter A. Arnold, Veronica F. Briceno, Kelli M. Gowland, Alexandra A. Catling, Leon A. Bravo, Adrienne B. Nicotra
Summary: Plant thermal tolerance is a critical research area in response to climate change, and a high-throughput method for measuring critical temperatures for leaf photosynthetic performance has been developed and tested. The study shows that experimental conditions such as wet or dry surfaces and heating/cooling rates impact the critical temperatures for different plant species. This research provides insights into the mechanisms behind leaf temperature tolerance and offers recommendations for future studies in this field.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2021)