Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Encased in Ruthenium Oxide Film as a Hybrid Material for Neurotransmitters Sensor

A hybrid film (MWCNTs-RuOx center dot nH(2)O) which contains multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) along with the incorporation of ruthenium oxide (RuOx center dot nH(2)O) has been synthesized on glassy carbon electrode (GCE), gold (Au), indium tin oxide (ITO) and screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by potentiostatic methods. The presence of MWCNTs in the hybrid film enhances surface coverage concentration (Gamma) of RuOx center dot nH(2)O to approximate to 2100%. The surface morphology of the hybrid film deposited oil ITO has been studied using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. These two techniques reveal that the RuOx center dot nH(2)O incorporated on MWCNTs. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study too reveals the incorporation of MWCNTs and RuOx center dot nH(2)O. The MWCNTs-RuOx center dot nH(2)O hybrid film exhibits promising enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards the biochemical compounds such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. The electrocatalytic responses of these analytes at RuOx center dot nH(2)O, MWCNTs and MWCNTs-RuOx center dot nH(2)O hybrid films have been measured using cyclic voltammetry. The obtained sensitivity values from electrocatalysis studies of analytes for MWCNTs-RuOx center dot nH(2)O hybrid film are higher than the RuOx center dot nH(2)O and MWCNTs films. Finally, the flow injection analysis has been used for the amperometric studies of analytes at MWCNTs-RuOx center dot nH(2)O hybrid film modified SPCEs.