Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Age J. Tjalma, Vahe Galstyan, Jeroen Goedhart, Lotte Slim, Nils B. Becker, Pieter Rein ten Wolde
Summary: Living cells can predict future environmental changes by encoding past signals, but the cost of storing information and the high cost of the most informative past information limits the optimal system.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zhi Li, Jiye Wang, Yang Wang, Sachula Meng, Sai Wu, Huixia Ding, Zhihui Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a research method on power service network slicing based on dynamic intelligent resource allocation to meet different QoS requirements. By modeling the throughput and latency of eMBB and uRLLC slice users, a mathematical model for maximizing eMBB slice throughput while ensuring uRLLC slice latency is established.
COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiang Zhang, Liangkun Deng, Bi Wu, Shichun Gao, Yi Xiao
Summary: This paper investigates the low-impact optimal operation model of the cascade sluice-reservoir system (CSRS) and its application in water resources allocation. A multi-indicator evaluation system is constructed to quantify the actual operation ability (AOA), and a multi-objective optimal operation model is proposed to reduce water deficiency and pollutant loads. The results show that water quality and water ecology are the main factors limiting the AOA, and the low-impact optimal operation scheme has a stronger advantage in both city units and ecology. This study contributes to the understanding of water-society-ecology trade-offs.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Wenxia Wang, Long Ma, Maaike A. Versteegh, Hua Wu, Jan Komdeur
Summary: Resource availability and maintenance can affect the detection of reproductive trade-offs. Through experiments with burying beetles, it was found that parents breeding on large or non-prepared carcasses gained more benefits in reproduction, offsetting the costs of current reproduction to some extent and masking the trade-off between current and future reproduction in terms of parental care.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Vincent A. Keenan, Stephen J. Cornell
Summary: A mathematical model shows that unexpected invasion dynamics can emerge from the combination of dispersal polymorphism, dispersal-fitness trade-offs, and mutation between strains. The trade-off relationship between dispersal and population growth rates of the constituent strains determines invasion dynamics. The ultimate invasion speed is determined by the traits of at most two strains, highlighting the importance of these factors in ecological, evolutionary, or epidemiological invasions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
E. R. Ryznar, L. L. Smith, B. A. Ha, S. R. Grier, P. Fong
Summary: Trait-based ecology has been proven useful in collapsing ecological complexity into comparable traits across species and scales. However, the application of trait-based ecology for marine macroalgae is still in its early stages, and this study aims to build the foundation for it by leveraging lessons from other systems. The research reveals interspecific trait variation, intraspecific variability across sites, and different ecological strategies among macroalgal species, providing valuable insights for future trait-based research.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Shishuai Ge, Xiaoxu Sun, Wei He, Kris A. G. Wyckhuys, Limei He, Shengyuan Zhao, Haowen Zhang, Kongming Wu
Summary: The fall armyworm has invaded large parts of Africa and Asia since 2016, impacting millions of hectares of maize crops and posing a major threat to food security. Limited research has been conducted on the physiological determinants of their flight and migration abilities. This study found that mating and oviposition affects the flight ability of S. frugiperda females, with a possible trade-off between flight and reproduction.
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mattia Merluzzi, Paolo Di Lorenzo, Sergio Barbarossa
Summary: This paper proposes a resource allocation strategy for dynamic training and inference of machine learning tasks at the edge of wireless network to explore the trade-off between energy, delay, and learning accuracy. Two dynamic strategies are introduced to minimize system energy consumption under constraints on service delay and accuracy, as well as to optimize learning accuracy while guaranteeing bounded energy consumption. The proposed approach aims to strike a balance between energy consumption and quality of service in Edge Machine Learning (EML) tasks.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tessa Borgonjon, Broos Maenhout
Summary: This paper investigates the personnel task rescheduling problem with multiple discrete activity modes, proposing a two-stage heuristic procedure to restore feasibility by changing the operation modes. The performance of the proposed procedure is validated through computational experiments, and the value and impact of multiple operation modes are evaluated.
COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Meghan Blumstein, Anna Sala, David J. Weston, Noel Michelle Holbrook, Robin Hopkins
Summary: Trade-offs among carbon sinks constrain how trees respond to their environments. This study examines the relationship between growth and storage in trees using genetic and phenotypic data. The findings show that storage is actively accumulated at the expense of growth, both within and across species. This challenges the assumptions of passive storage in current ecosystem models.
Article
Ecology
Matthew Orolowitz, Eleanor Shadwell, Susan J. Cunningham
Summary: Desert birds obtain water either from their diet or by drinking surface water. The implications of drinking dependency for behavioural trade-offs in birds’ thermoregulation are not fully understood. This study found that drinking birds foraged in hotter temperatures and began panting at cooler temperatures compared to non-drinking birds. Drinking species may be less vulnerable to thermoregulatory trade-offs and more resilient to increased temperatures, but they could also be more vulnerable if water resources diminish as climate change progresses.
JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. Andreas Angermayr, Tin Yau Pang, Guillaume Chevereau, Karin Mitosch, Martin J. Lercher, Tobias Bollenbach
Summary: Dose-response relationships play a crucial role in understanding biological systems and can have significant implications in treatment and drug resistance. This study investigates the mechanisms shaping the dose-response curve of antibiotics and identifies a negative growth-mediated feedback loop as a key factor. Specifically, the antibiotic trimethoprim slows down bacterial growth and weakens its own effectiveness. The upregulation of the drug target, dihydrofolate reductase, is found to be the molecular basis for this feedback loop. The study suggests that growth-mediated feedback loops may have broader implications in drug responses and could be utilized to prevent drug resistance.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
A. A. Davis, J. T. Vannatta, S. O. Gutierrez, D. J. Minchella
Summary: Infected snails exhibit fecundity compensation by increasing the number of eggs laid and the overall probability of laying eggs compared to uninfected snails. Parental infection status does not have a significant impact on hatching or offspring survival, and there is no apparent trade-off between quantity and quality. Offspring from later reproductive bouts show higher hatching success rates.
JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Yainier Labrada-Nueva, Martin H. Cruz-Rosales, Juan Manuel Rendon-Mancha, Rafael Rivera-Lopez, Marta Lilia Erana-Diaz, Marco Antonio Cruz-Chavez
Summary: Paper waste from regular, irregular, and amorphous patterns is a critical issue in digital printing presses, impacting production costs directly. An iterated local search algorithm with a novel neighborhood structure efficiently solves the problem by detecting and correcting overlaps between different shapes.
Article
Agronomy
Yingshan Chen, Qiang Fu, Vijay P. Singh, Yi Ji, Mo Li, Yijia Wang
Summary: An uncertainty-based multiobjective optimization model was developed for the allocation of agricultural soil and water resources. The model achieved good results in terms of economics, environment, and resource utilization, and helped promote the sustainable development of irrigation areas.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Zoe Vance, Lukasz Niezabitowski, Laurence D. Hurst, Aoife McLysaght
Summary: Research has shown that duplicated genes evolve at a faster rate compared to singleton genes in multiple lineages. This phenomenon is not restricted to a single lineage and has implications for the interpretation of gene duplication. Additionally, some singleton genes appear to evolve faster due to homology detection failure and unidentified paralogs.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander T. Ho, Laurence D. Hurst
Summary: The recognition of stop codons by release factors (RF1 and RF2) and the adaptations of RF ratios to stop codon usage across bacterial species have been studied to explain TGA/TAG relative usage. The results suggest that RF1/RF2 ratios may adapt to stop codon usage, rather than vice versa, and that the specifics of RF biology are unlikely to fully explain TGA/TAG relative usage. The causal relationships for the evolution of synonymous stop codon usage may be different from those affecting synonymous sense codon usage, particularly in transitions between TGA and TAG.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yanxiao Jia, Chao Qin, Milton Brian Traw, Xiaonan Chen, Ying He, Jing Kai, Sihai Yang, Long Wang, Laurence D. Hurst
Summary: The introduction of frameshifting non-3n indels enables the identification of gene-trait associations. However, the recovery of the original reading frame due to non-canonical splice forms is rare, and most frame-restoring isoforms induced by indels are low in abundance and potentially disruptive to proteins, suggesting that such rescue is uncommon. Despite this, it is important to consider the RNA level effects of non-3n indels and explore multiple non-3n indels in any given gene for probing trait associations.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Stefanie Muhlhausen, Laurence D. Hurst
Summary: Transgene-design is a web application that assists in designing transgenes for mammalian studies. It utilizes the discovery that transgenes without introns and native retrogenes can be highly expressed if the GC content at exonic synonymous sites is high. The application allows for the manipulation of exonic splice enhancers and the option to retain the first intron and protect or avoid specific motifs.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Nayan Kumar Subhashis Behera, Pankaj Kumar Sa, Sambit Bakshi, Ram Prasad Padhy
Summary: This survey covers a wide spectrum of person re-identification methods and provides a classification and comparison of different approaches. The survey highlights the challenges in building PRId systems and offers a comprehensive overview of the latest solutions. Additionally, it discusses the performance comparisons of various methods on different datasets.
IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mohammad Hamidian, Ram P. Maharjan, Daniel N. Farrugia, Natasha N. Delgado, Hue Dinh, Francesca L. Short, Xenia Kostoulias, Anton Y. Peleg, Ian T. Paulsen, Amy K. Cain
Summary: This study reports the complete genome sequences of six diverse environmental strains of A. baumannii and reveals their similar virulence potential to nosocomial strains but greater sensitivity to antibiotics.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daniel H. Gutierrez, Pranay Doshi, Dennis Nordlund, Ram P. Gandhiraman
Summary: Plasma jet printing is an emerging printing technique that can produce films with good adhesion in a single step. Flight tests under varying gravity conditions showed that the print quality was not affected by gravity, demonstrating the robustness of the printer and the printing technique.
FLEXIBLE AND PRINTED ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Fonseca, Jonathan Pettitt, Alison D. Woollard, Adam Rutherford, Wendy Bickmore, Anne Ferguson-Smith, Laurence Hurst
Summary: People have varying attitudes towards well-evidenced science, especially in the context of genetics and allied sciences. Recent research shows that individuals with strongly negative attitudes towards specific genetic technologies often do not objectively understand the science but believe that they do. A study on UK adults further reveals that those with extremely positive or negative attitudes towards genetics are more likely to believe that they understand the science, but only those with positive attitudes have justified self-confidence, regardless of specific technologies.
Article
Microbiology
Claire Maher, Ram Maharjan, Geraldine Sullivan, Amy K. Cain, Karl A. Hassan
Summary: This study investigated the significance of a primary amine group as a chemical feature that promotes the uptake and accumulation of compounds in the Gram-negative model organism Escherichia coli. The results showed that the primary amine promotes passage through the outer membrane porin OmpF and active efflux plays a major role in resistance.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofia Radrizzani, Cristina D. Fonseca, Alison Woollard, Jonathan Pettitt, Laurence Hurst
Summary: Based on the study on changes in trust in science during the COVID-19 pandemic, we found that factors such as age and pre-pandemic trust level have an impact on trust changes. The increase in trust towards scientists is more significant than the decrease, indicating trust polarization and a backfire effect. These changes have significant implications for public health, as they are predictive of willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manvendra Singh, Aleksandra M. Kondrashkina, Thomas J. Widmann, Jose L. Cortes, Vikas L. Bansal, Jichang D. Wang, Christine Roemer, Marta Garcia-Canadas, Jose L. Garcia-Perez, Laurence D. Hurst, Zsuzsanna Izsvak
Summary: There is much that remains unknown about early human development, including the nature of cell types affected by apoptosis and the definition of the inner cell mass (ICM). In this study, a multi-method analysis of early human embryos was conducted to understand these issues. The discovery of a previously unknown class of cells, called REject cells, helps to define the viable ontogenetic sisters of ICM cells.
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Long Wang, Alexander T. T. Ho, Laurence D. D. Hurst, Sihai Yang
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Loveday E. Lewin, Kate G. Daniels, Laurence D. Hurst
Summary: It has been found that initiation optimality codons, which are synonymous codons that promote efficient translation initiation, are not commonly used in native genes encoding highly abundant proteins. However, initiation optimality scores derived from transgene experiments may be relevant for in silico transgene design for a wide range of bacteria.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Stephen Richer, Yuan Tian, Stefan Schoenfelder, Laurence Hurst, Adele Murrell, Giuseppina Pisignano
Summary: This study investigates the differences in three-dimensional chromatin conformation between heterozygous loci, taking into consideration parent-of-origin differences and genome-wide allele-specific chromatin conformation associations. A bioinformatic pipeline called HiCFlow is developed for haplotype assembly and visualization of parental chromatin architecture. The study identifies stable allele-specific interactions at specific gene loci and detects allele-specific differences in A/B compartmentalization. The findings highlight the widespread differences in chromatin conformation and provide insights into allele-specific expressed genes, including previously unidentified ones.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Thomas Ho, Laurence Daniel Hurst
Summary: The assumption that conservation of sequence implies the action of purifying selection is central to different methodologies, but GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC) can mimic the action of selection. This study focuses on mammalian stop codon evolution and provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that gBGC mimics purifying selection. The findings suggest that sequence conservation may not always indicate purifying selection.
