期刊
ECOLOGY LETTERS
卷 14, 期 3, 页码 260-266出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01580.x
关键词
Allele polymorphism; cline; exclusion rule; generalist; habitat; habitat fragmentation; intermediate heterogeneity hypothesis; landscape complementation; spatial heterogeneity; specialist; species diversity
类别
P>Understanding the conditions for the stable coexistence of different alleles or species is a central topic in theoretical evolution and ecology. Different causes for stable polymorphism or species coexistence have already been identified but they can be grouped into a limited number of general processes. This article is devoted to the presentation and illustration of a new process, which we call 'habitat boundary polymorphism', and which relies on two key ingredients: habitat heterogeneity and distance-limited dispersal. Under direct competition and with fixed population densities, we show that this process allows for the equilibrium coexistence of more than n types in a n-habitat environment. Distance-limited dispersal indeed creates local maladaptation at habitat edges, which leaves room for the invasion of more generalist alleles or species. This mechanism provides a generic yet neglected process for the maintenance of polymorphism or species coexistence.
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