Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Menghan Li, Stephen E. Grasby, Shui-Jiong Wang, Xiaolin Zhang, Laura E. Wasylenki, Yilun Xu, Mingzhao Sun, Benoit Beauchamp, Dongping Hu, Yanan Shen
Summary: The study reveals that environmental degradation had already started before the end-Permian mass extinction, with nickel-rich aerosol particles globally dispersed into the Panthalassic Ocean.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Menghan Li, Tracy D. Frank, Yilun Xu, Christopher R. Fielding, Yizhe Gong, Yanan Shen
Summary: This study analyzes the S-isotopic compositions of pyrite in the Sydney Basin, Australia, and finds a significant increase in atmospheric sulfate concentrations coinciding with the terrestrial extinction during the end-Permian extinction (EPE). This suggests that sulfate aerosols from the Siberian Traps eruptions may have contributed to the EPE on land.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Boscaini, Sara Callegaro, Yadong Sun, Andrea Marzoli
Summary: This study reviews the characteristics, CO2 emissions, and causal links of the Siberian Traps, the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP), and the Wrangellia formation. The findings highlight the potential role of thermogenic reactions in climate modulation.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiang Jiang, Fred Jourdan, Hugo K. H. Olierook, Renaud E. Merle
Summary: Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are important for plate tectonics, environmental crises, and resource formation. The study of LIPs' ages is crucial for understanding their duration and relationship with other geological events. However, the reliability and precision of dating results need to be critically evaluated.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kunyue Ling, Hanjie Wen, Stephen E. Grasby, Haonan Zhao, Changzhou Deng, Runsheng Yin
Summary: This study reports new datasets of Hg concentrations, Hg isotopes, and organic carbon isotopes in two coastal shallow-water sections in the Guangxi region, SW China. The results show elevated Hg/TOC ratios and near-zero to positive Δ199Hg values across the Capitanian extinction, indicating extensive volcanic Hg input to the ocean via wet deposition. The negative δ13Corg excursion coincides with marine anoxia, peak Emeishan LIP magmatism, Hg/TOC anomalies, sea-level rise, and the Capitanian mass extinction.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Licai Song, Qing Chen, Huijun Li, Changzhou Deng
Summary: This study provides a high-resolution, multi-proxy record of mercury variations in the Yangtze Platform, South China, and reveals four distinct stages of the atmospheric-terrestrial-oceanic-climatic system during the Ordovician-Silurian transition. Two major volcanic events are found to be closely associated with climate changes, which have significant implications for the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Chapman, Luke A. Milan, Ian Metcalfe, Phil L. Blevin, Jim Crowley
Summary: This study presents a detailed record of a late Permian volcanic event in eastern Australia, which lasted for approximately 4.21 million years and involved the eruption of a significant amount of silicic magma. The researchers also found that the timing of the volcanic activity coincided with a decline in species abundance and the disappearance of Glossopteris forests, suggesting that these global volcanic eruptions triggered the late Permian mass extinction event.
Article
Geography, Physical
Yongda Wang, Shiling Yang, Shihao Zhang, Xiaofang Huang, Minmin Sun, Zhongli Ding
Summary: This study reconstructs and analyzes the climatic changes in the early-middle Permian period in North China, revealing the causes and effects of the climatic transition. The results show that volcanic activities played a significant role in greenhouse gas emissions and climate warming, and the associated warming caused long-term drought in North China.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geology
Kunio Kaiho, Md. Aftabuzzaman, David S. Jones, Li Tian
Summary: The eruption of the Siberian Traps large igneous province (LIP) is believed to have triggered both terrestrial and marine ecosystem crises, with discrete volcanic eruptions potentially causing the terrestrial crisis followed by the marine crisis in a short period of time. Using coronene and mercury spikes as proxies can help pinpoint the timing and impacts of LIP emplacement more accurately.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pia A. Viglietti, Roger B. J. Benson, Roger M. H. Smith, Jennifer Botha, Christian F. Kammerer, Zaituna Skosan, Elize Butler, Annelise Crean, Bobby Eloff, Sheena Kaal, Joel Mohoi, William Molehe, Nolusindiso Mtalana, Sibusiso Mtungata, Nthaopa Ntheri, Thabang Ntsala, John Nyaphuli, Paul October, Georgina Skinner, Mike Strong, Hedi Stummer, Frederik P. Wolvaardt, Kenneth D. Angielczyk
Summary: The study analyzed fossil data from South Africa's Karoo Basin, revealing a period of high extinction rates lasting approximately 1 million years during the Permo-Triassic Transition. This period was characterized by rapid turnover and the emergence of short-lived species, indicating ecosystem instability.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
V. I. Davydov
Summary: The study explores the impact of Permian-Triassic volcanism in Siberia on the end-Permian mass extinction, mainly through the release of CO2 from the interaction of coal with intrusions. The distribution of sills within coal-bearing successions in Tunguska Basin minimally influences the metamorphic grade of the coals, and explosion pipes delivering CO2 into the atmosphere likely formed after the extinction event.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yu Jiao, Lian Zhou, Thomas J. Algeo, Jun Shen, Lanping Feng, Yating Hu, Jinhua Liu, Liwei Chi, Minghui Shi
Summary: This study provides insights into the regional arc magmatism linked to volcanism in South China during the Permian-Triassic transition.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Daniel L. Johnson, Theodore M. Present, Menghan Li, Yanan Shen, Jess F. Adkins
Summary: The dynamics of the marine sulfur cycle across the End-Permian Mass Extinction have been obscured by disagreement between sulfur isotopic records. New measurements of carbonate-associated sulfate delta S-34 reveal substantial variation and evidence for mixing within samples. This suggests that sedimentary redox oscillations may explain the heterogeneity in delta S-34 within many EPME carbonates.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Peixin Zhang, Minfang Yang, Jing Lu, David P. G. Bond, Kai Zhou, Xiaotao Xu, Ye Wang, Zhen He, Xiao Bian, Longyi Shao, Jason Hilton
Summary: The Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction (PTME) was the most severe biocrisis in history, affecting both ocean and land ecosystems. In the North China Plate (NCP), there was a collapse of terrestrial ecosystems prior to the extinction, possibly triggered by wildfires induced by global warming.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Claudio Garbelli, Anna Cipriani, Uwe Brand, Federico Lugli, Renato Posenato
Summary: The Dolomites is a significant region for studying the evolution of shallow-marine ecosystems during the end-Permian mass extinction. By using strontium isotope stratigraphy, the correlation between the Dolomites and the Meishan section can be established, contributing to the understanding of the biological crisis that occurred.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
R. C. Price, S. J. Cronin, I. E. M. Smith, I. A. Ukstins, A. Zernack
Summary: Volcanic activity in the western North Island of New Zealand has been focused along the Taranaki volcanic lineament. The Pouakai volcano is the second youngest in this lineament, displaying complex geological compositions and magma sources.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
B. van Alderwerelt, I. A. Ukstins, F. C. Ramos
Summary: The Cerro Overo maar in the Central Andes is the most mafic lava found within the modern subduction arc, preserving signals from deep-crustal or upper mantle magmatism. Researchers have debated whether the enriched isotope ratios in this region are from the mantle source or crustal processes. The Olivine-hosted melt inclusions provide evidence that the radiogenic isotopic characteristic of the region results from lithospheric processes rather than inheritance.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. J. B. Henderson, B. H. N. Horgan, M. C. Rowe, K. T. Wall, N. A. Scudder
Summary: The study suggests the presence of volcanic deposits on Mars related to explosive volcanic eruptions potentially formed due to interactions with water or ice, serving as a record of past water on the planet. By analyzing Mars analog tephra samples using orbital spectroscopy, researchers aim to determine eruption styles and past water presence during volcanic events. The research demonstrates that combining visible/near-infrared and thermal infrared data can help detect glass abundances in volcanic deposits and infer tephra types, offering insights into Martian volcanic and volatile histories with potential applications for planetary exploration.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Geology
Michael C. Rowe, Rebecca J. Carey, James D. L. White, Geoff Kilgour, Ery Hughes, Ben Ellis, Jean-Baptiste Rosseel, Amy Segovia
Summary: The cataclysmic basaltic eruption of Mt. Tarawera in 1886 is a significant cultural and scientific event for New Zealand. This study reinterprets eruptive parameters and characteristics of the juvenile basaltic material, providing new insights into eruption variations along the length of the fissure. The recalculated volumes and discharge rates of the eruption are also discussed, shedding light on the dynamics of the eruption process.
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jodie B. Ream, Benjamin P. Weiss, Rona Oran, Carol A. Raymond, Carol A. Polanskey, Daniel D. Wenkert, Linda T. Elkins-Tanton, Richard A. Hart, Christopher T. Russell, Jose M. G. Merayo
Summary: Accurate measurements of ambient planetary and interplanetary magnetic fields can be challenging due to interference from spacecraft flight systems. This study presents an alternative method, called gradiometry peak suppression, which uses magnetic gradiometers to identify and suppress dominant frequencies generated by the flight system without affecting the spectral peaks of the ambient field. The method was successfully applied to both modeled data and actual Venus Express magnetometer data.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ingrid A. Ukstins, Jo-Anne Wartho, Nathalie A. Cabrol, Edmond A. Grin, Matthijs C. van Soest, Marc B. Biren, Kip Hodges, Guillermo Chong
Summary: Single-crystal (U-Th)/He dating of 32 apatite and zircon crystals from an impact breccia in the Monturaqui impact structure in Chile yielded a weighted mean age of 663 +/- 28 ka. Numerical modeling showed that even in small craters like Monturaqui, the short-lived compressional stage and shock metamorphic stage can explain the observed partial to full resetting of (U-Th)/He ages in accessory minerals.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
J. M. Christoph, G. M. Minesinger, C. Bu, C. A. Dukes, L. T. Elkins-Tanton
Summary: Space weathering is a crucial process for understanding airless planetary surfaces. This study focuses on the effects of solar-wind ions on meteoritic troilite and finds that sulfur depletion rates are similar for different ion species. The study also quantifies sulfur diffusion, sputtering yield, and altered-layer composition.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Alex Leighton, Martin S. Brook, Murry Cave, Michael C. Rowe, Alec Stanley, Jon F. Tunnicliffe
Summary: The Gisborne region in New Zealand is prone to rainfall-induced landslides, earthquakes, and tsunami, as well as mud volcanoes (MVs). A recent study on the Waimata Valley mud volcano eruption in December 2018 provided valuable insights into the characteristics and formation mechanism of mud volcanoes, as well as the possible connection between tectonic activities and mud volcano eruptions.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Max S. Sharpe, Simon J. Barker, Shane M. Rooyakkers, Colin J. N. Wilson, Isabelle Chambefort, Michael C. Rowe, C. Ian Schipper, Bruce L. A. Charlier
Summary: The concentrations of sulfur, chlorine, and fluorine in volcanic eruptive materials can provide insights into geothermal fluid compositions, ore deposit formation, and volcanic eruption processes and impacts. By studying these concentrations in different host materials, we can decipher the origins and evolution of magmas.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhongtian Zhang, David Bercovici, Linda Elkins-Tanton
Summary: Many asteroids may have been shattered by collisions and reaccumulated into porous rubble piles, with a negative correlation between size and porosity for stony asteroids, and suspected metallic asteroids showing larger porosities. Our models suggest that compaction between boulders occurs through cataclastic fracturing for silicate/chondritic boulders, while cold welding and deformation play a role in metal boulders.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhongtian Zhang, David Bercovici, Linda Elkins-Tanton
Summary: Models of asteroid collisional evolution suggest that many asteroids are gravitationally-bound rubble piles. Compaction processes like cold compaction and cold welding play a significant role in determining the density and porosity of these asteroids. The density variation of S-type asteroids can be largely explained by cold compaction through fracturing of boulders, while the density variation of C-type asteroids requires the removal of micro-voids inside the boulders to match observations. Metallic rubble piles can preserve large porosities if the boulders are of a certain size, implying that M-type asteroids like Psyche and Kleopatra may be purely metallic.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhongtian Zhang, David Bercovici, Linda T. Elkins-Tanton
Summary: Primitive achondrites are residual mantle material of planetesimal objects, which experienced up to 20% partial melting. Melting experiments suggest that the resulting melts are rich in silica and alkali elements and are highly viscous. The percolation models suggest limited migration of these melts over timescales of 1-10 Myr. However, collisions between planetesimals in the early solar system may have shattered them into fragments, allowing for rapid melt migration in rubble-pile planetesimals.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. D. Dibb, J. F. Bell III, L. T. Elkins-Tanton, D. A. Williams
Summary: The NASA Psyche mission aims to study the structure, composition, and properties of asteroid (16) Psyche in order to test hypotheses about its formation. Based on observations, Psyche is believed to have a highly metallic composition with mafic silicate minerals distributed on the surface. The mission's Multispectral Imager will map the surface and provide compositional information using different filters.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kevin M. Hubbard, Christopher W. Haberle, Linda T. Elkins-Tanton, Phillip R. Christensen, Steven Semken
Summary: Graybody materials have low emissivity across their spectrum, which violates the assumption of unit emissivity at some wavenumber used in calibrating thermal-infrared emission data. A new measurement technique is introduced to derive the absolute emissivity of graybody materials using reference samples with known Christiansen Frequencies. After correcting the temperature, pyrrhotite's emission spectrum is found to be spectrally featureless with a maximum emissivity of about 0.7.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Carver J. Bierson, Linda T. Elkins-Tanton, Joseph G. O'Rourke
Summary: This article models the surface temperatures of asteroid 16 Psyche, predictig large thermal variations that may lead to cracking of boulders and the formation of a porous surface regolith. The study also suggests that water ice is unlikely to be stable at any latitude on 16 Psyche.
PLANETARY SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lingyu Zhang, Kristoffer Szilas
Summary: This study presents new petrological and geochemical data for the Narssaq Ultramafic Body (NUB) in the Itsaq Gneiss Complex of SW Greenland. The results indicate that the ultramafic rocks of NUB are not mantle residues, but instead represent crustal cumulates derived from high-Mg magmas.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Rong Xu, Sarah Lambart, Oliver Nebel, Ming Li, Zhongjie Bai, Junbo Zhang, Ganglan Zhang, Jianfeng Gao, Hong Zhong, Yongsheng Liu
Summary: This study investigated the iron isotope compositions of Cenozoic basalts in Southeast China, finding significant variations related to different types of basalts and their respective sources.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
C. J. Ebinger, Miriam C. Reiss, Ian Bastow, Mary M. Karanja
Summary: The East African rift system is formed above mantle upwellings and the formation of rifts is related to lithospheric thinning and magmatic activity. The amount of splitting varies spatially and the fast axes are predominantly parallel to the orientation of the rifts. Thick lithospheric modules have less splitting and different orientations, which may indicate mantle plume flow. Splitting rotates and increases in strength as it enters the rift zones, suggesting that the anisotropy is mainly present at shallow depths.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Correction
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ekaterina Rojas-Kolomiets, Owen Jensen, Michael Bizimis, Gene Yogodzinski, Lukas Ackerman
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Robert W. Nicklas, Igor S. Puchtel, Ethan F. Baxter
Summary: Oxygen fugacity is a fundamental parameter for understanding redox processes in igneous systems. This study compares the Fe-XANES oxybarometry method with the V-in-olivine method for evaluating fO(2) in MORB lavas. The results show that the V-in-olivine method is not applicable to samples with low MgO content, and that the majority of Archean komatiite sources have lower fO(2) than modern MORB.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chunfei Chen, Stephen F. Foley, Sebastian Tappe, Huange Ren, Lanping Feng, Yongsheng Liu
Summary: The volatile components CO2 and H2O play a major role in mantle melting and heterogeneity. In this study, Ca isotopes were used to trace the lithological heterogeneity in alkaline magmatic rocks. The results revealed the presence of K-richterite and carbonate components as the source of alkaline magmas with low delta 44/40Ca values. These findings highlight the importance of Ca isotopes as a robust tracer of lithological variation caused by volatiles in the Earth's upper mantle.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Timothee Jautzy, Gilles Rixhon, Regis Braucher, Romain Delunel, Pierre G. Valla, Laurent Schmitt, Aster Team
Summary: Although the current approach to estimate catchment-wide denudation rates using only 10Be concentrations has made significant progress in geomorphology, this study argues for the inclusion of 26Al measurements and testing of steady-state assumptions in slow eroding, formerly glaciated landscapes. The study conducted measurements of both 10Be and 26Al in stream sediments from the Vosges Massif in France and found that elevation, slope, channel steepness, and precipitation were the primary factors controlling denudation rates. The study also revealed a significant relationship between the extent of past glaciation and the cosmogenic (un-)steadiness in the stream sediments.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Erik van der Wiel, Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen, Cedric Thieulot, Wim Spakman
Summary: Numerical models of Earth's mantle dynamics can predict the vigour and mixing of mantle flow, and the average slab sinking rates are an unexplored parameter that can provide intrinsic information on these characteristics. Through numerical experiments, it has been found that slab sinking rates are strongly correlated with mantle convection and mixing, and may explain geochemical observations from hotspot volcanoes.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
