Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Leon Ludwigs, Christian Pape, Helena Sophie Visse, Christoph Runte, Ulrich Meyer, Dieter Dirksen
Summary: This study conducted research on 90 Eurasian individuals and analyzed their skull data through computed tomography images. Four distinct skull types were identified, providing guidance for orthodontic surgery in the Eurasian population.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Benjamin J. Igo, Patrick S. Cottler, Jonathan S. Black, Matthew B. Panzer
Summary: This study collected normally discarded parietal bone tissue from pediatric craniosynostosis surgery patients for microstructural analysis and mechanical testing. The results showed significant differences in mechanical properties between pediatric skull tissue and adult skull tissue, indicating the need to reevaluate current pediatric cranial surgical technologies.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Giulia Guizzardi, Alberto Di Somma, Matteo de Notaris, Francesco Corrivetti, Juan Carlos Sanchez, Isam Alobid, Abel Ferres, Pedro Roldan, Luis Reyes, Joaquim Ensenat, Alberto Prats-Galino
Summary: This conceptual paper details the main steps for the anatomical description of the endoscopic transorbital approach to the skull base. The steps involve studying orbital anatomy on a dry skull, cadaveric dissection, 3D quantitative assessment of the new endoscopic transorbital corridor, and translating preclinical data into a real surgical scenario through dedicated surgical planning. These four methodological steps are important for describing, disseminating, and developing a novel technique to facilitate the application of the endoscopic transorbital approach to the skull base.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Jason D. Pardo
Summary: This study provides an amended description of the neurocranium of the Early Permian embolomere, Archeria crassidisca, and identifies features that support their position as stem-tetrapods, further contributing to the understanding of amniote origins.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Cornelia Rasmussen, Randall B. Irmis, Roland Mundil, Morgan F. Schaller, John Geissman, William G. Parker, Christopher J. Lepre, Paul E. Olsen
Summary: This study examines the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona, using data from the Colorado Plateau Coring Project. The research suggests a possible correlation between the Manicouagan impact event and the Adamanian-Revueltian biotic turnover event, but establishing a causal relationship between the two remains challenging. Additionally, the study finds that the climate became drier, which may have contributed to the biotic turnover event.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Borja Figueirido, Alejandro Perez-Ramos, Anthony Hotchner, David M. Lovelace, Francisco J. Pastor, Paul Palmqvist
Summary: Research on the brain of the extinct North American cheetah compared to the living cheetah shows unique differences, indicating a potential reevaluation of the convergence between the two species.
Article
Surgery
Dawei Wang, Shixuan Xiong, Ning Zeng, Yiping Wu
Summary: This study examined the variation and course of the middle temporal vein (MTV) using computed tomographic angiography. The results showed that all MTVs had at least one major trunk, with an average diameter of 2.98 mm. The relationship between the MTV and the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery was also evaluated, with most superficial temporal arteries located above the MTVs.
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luca Zanin, Edoardo Agosti, Florian Ebner, Lucio de Maria, Francesco Belotti, Barbara Buffoli, Rita Rezzani, Bernard Hirt, Marco Ravanelli, Tamara Ius, Marco Zeppieri, Marcos Soares Tatagiba, Marco Maria Fontanella, Francesco Doglietto
Summary: This study compared the surgical volumes and exposure areas of different surgical approaches to Meckel's cave and found that endoscopic approaches can provide adequate exposure, especially for the medial portions, while microsurgical transcranial approaches still seem to be the gold standard for optimal exposure and surgical volumes in the most lateral portion of Meckel's cave.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Pascal Abel, Ingmar Werneburg
Summary: The morphology of the temporal region in the tetrapod skull has been a widely discussed feature, sparking debates on the phylogenetic, developmental, and functional background. The history of research on the temporal region shows the development of the phylogenetic perspective from early recognition of differences to current assessments, highlighting remaining controversies. Different functional and developmental drivers proposed for morphological diversity are compared, along with interpretations of internal and external factors on tetrapod skull structure.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geology
Fabio Marco Dalla Vecchia
Summary: The holotype of the pterosaur Austriadraco dallavecchiai contains previously unidentified or undescribed skeletal elements, leading to a revision of its diagnosis and a closer examination of its relationship with Seazzadactylus venieri. Shared morphological features between the two taxa, such as similar postorbital process of the jugal and dorsal process of the surangular, support their close relationship.
RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zeferino Demartini Jr, Simone Cristina Zanine
Summary: The optic canal varies in size and shape at different segments, and understanding its anatomy and variations can lead to better surgical outcomes and reduced morbidity.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Hanson, Eva A. Hoffman, Mark A. Norell, Bhart-Anjan S. Bhullar
Summary: The evolution of reptiles' inner ear structure is related to their locomotor ability and auditory acuity, with species capable of flight having different inner ear structures compared to less mobile species. Changes in cochlear shape may be associated with high-frequency vocalizations in juvenile animals and adult responses to them.
Article
Zoology
Eric G. Ekdale, Thomas A. Demere
Summary: Through the study of fossils and CT imaging, it has been shown that teeth and baleen coexisted in ancient toothed mysticetes and that they shared the same neurovascular system. These findings are crucial for understanding the transition from teeth to baleen in whales and the evolution of filter-feeding.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Ma. Nina Regina M. Quibod, Uriel Gelin, Frank van Langevelde, Kyle W. Tomlinson
Summary: The skull traits of more than 70% of bovid and cervid species are associated with aridity, with different relationships across feeding guilds. For grazers, both muzzle width and masseteric fossa length increase towards wetter climates, while there are no changes for mixed feeders or browsers. These patterns suggest that grazer diets may change more dramatically with aridity gradients, possibly due to changes in grass architecture and toughness. However, when accounting for phylogeny, no changes in skull traits across aridity gradient were found, possibly due to subfamily differentiation.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin-Young Park, Yuong-Nam Lee, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Louis L. Jacobs, Rinchen Barsbold, Hang-Jae Lee, Namsoo Kim, Kyo-Young Song, Michael J. Polcyn
Summary: A new ankylosaurid dinosaur, Tarchia tumanovae, has been discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia, with well-preserved fossils revealing unique features and potential adaptive changes during growth. Research suggests T. tumanovae exhibited selective feeding habits from the middle Campanian to the lower Maastrichtian, indicating a shift in ankylosaurid diets possibly in response to habitat changes and competition with other herbivores.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geology
Yuri Modesto Alves, Felipe Chinaglia Montefeltro, Giovanne M. Cidade
Summary: The superfamily Lepisosteoidea, known as gars, is the only group of extant ginglymodian fishes with roots dating back to the Mesozoic. This superfamily consists of one family, two genera, and seven species. The fossil remains discovered in Brazil provide new insights into the origins and distribution of Lepisosteoidea, and suggest possible vicariance or dispersal events that led to their presence in South America.
CRETACEOUS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Gustavo Darlim, Felipe C. Montefeltro, Max C. Langer
Summary: Baurusuchidae is a diverse group of South American notosuchians, known for their reduced tooth formula, compressed rostrum, and verticalized quadrate. A new baurusuchid species with distinct features has been described, highlighting its phylogenetic position within the group as sister to other baurusuchines. The study helps to distinguish between Baurusuchinae and Pissarrachampsinae lineages, suggesting variability in the radiation of Baurusuchidae.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Juan V. Ruiz, Mario Bronzati, Gabriel S. Ferreira, Kawan C. Martins, Marcos V. Queiroz, Max C. Langer, Felipe C. Montefeltro
Summary: A new species of sphagesaurid named Caipirasuchus with specialized jaws and dentition was described from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the advanced notosuchians forming a clade named Sphagesauria, with two more inclusive clades Xenodontosuchia and Eunotosuchia encompassing various Mesozoic notosuchians.
JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Julian C. G. Silva Junior, Agustin G. Martinelli, Fabiano Iori, Thiago S. Marinho, E. Martin Hechenleitner, Max C. Langer
Summary: Aeolosaurus is a late Cretaceous Titanosaur genus with species found in Argentina and Brazil. The Brazilian species Aeolosaurus maximus has been questioned by several authors and a new genus, Arrudatitan, has been proposed to accommodate it.
HISTORICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Federico Agnolin, Federico Brisson Egli, Martin D. Ezcurra, Max C. Langer, Fernando Novas
Summary: Lewisuchus admixtus is an early dinosauriform species described based on a single incomplete skeleton in 1972. Recent discoveries of two partially articulated skeletons in Argentina have provided significant new information on the anatomy and taxonomy of early dinosauriforms.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Gabriel Mestriner, Aaron LeBlanc, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Julio C. A. Marsola, Randall B. Irmis, Atila Augusto Stock Da-Rosa, Ana Maria Ribeiro, Jorge Ferigolo, Max Langer
Summary: Histological data show that silesaurids do not have the permanent gomphosis seen in crocodylians and dinosaurs, but instead exhibit delayed ankylosis, with teeth being suspended in sockets by a periodontal ligament before eventually mineralizing and fusing to the jaws. This suggests a paedomorphic trend in tooth attachment evolution, with possible convergence in the dinosaur and crocodylian gomphosis. The relative duration of different phases of dental ontogeny needs to be carefully considered when analyzing dental characters in early archosaur phylogenies.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geology
Julian C. G. Silva Junior, Felipe C. Montefeltro, Thiago S. Marinho, Agustin G. Martinelli, Max C. Langer
Summary: Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the bites of two potential predators on titanosaur osteoderms, showing that the bites caused less stress on solid bone osteoderms. This supports the hypothesis that titanosaur osteoderms could have served as defensive tools beyond just mineral storage.
CRETACEOUS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Guilherme Hermanson, Roger B. J. Benson, Bruna M. Farina, Gabriel S. Ferreira, Max C. Langer, Serjoscha W. Evers
Summary: Turtle cranial ecomorphology is influenced by skull shape, allometry, neck retraction capability, and aquatic feeding ecologies. The capacity for neck retraction plays a key functional role in determining skull shape and size. The use of three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic comparative methods helps validate ecological and functional predictions, leading to insights into the timing and origin of distinctive ecomorphologies in turtle evolution. Convergent ecological adaptations are observed among marine groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher T. Griffin, Brenen M. Wynd, Darlington Munyikwa, Tim J. Broderick, Michel Zondo, Stephen Tolan, Max C. Langer, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Hazel R. Taruvinga
Summary: This study reports a new Carnian assemblage from Zimbabwe, including Africa's oldest definitive dinosaurs Mbiresaurus raathi. This finding suggests the existence of similar vertebrate fauna at high latitudes in Antarctica, and the dispersal of dinosaurs was influenced by paleolatitude-linked climatic barriers.
Article
Biology
Thiago S. Fachini, Pedro L. Godoy, Julio C. A Marsola, Felipe C. Montefeltro, Max C. Langer
Summary: Most crocodyliforms in the Bauru Group are found in rocks of the Adamantina Formation, but the younger Manila Formation has very few such fossils. In this study, a large skull roof, labeled MPMA 02-0005/87, was found in the Marilia Formation deposits of the Monte Alto area and is assigned to a new crocodyliform species. Despite fragmented and puzzling characteristics, the new taxon shows enough distinguishing features to be placed outside of the previously known crocodyliform group, Notosuchia. Phylogenetic analysis using two data matrices confirms its position within the Neosuchia and Eusuchia groups. The size and possible neosuchian affinity of the specimen suggest a potential semi-aquatic behavior, which is rare among the predominantly terrestrial crocodyliforms of the Bauru Group.
HISTORICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Juan V. V. Ruiz, Gabriel S. S. Ferreira, Stephan Lautenschlager, Mariela C. C. de Castro, Felipe C. C. Montefeltro
Summary: This study investigated the craniomandibular functional morphology of the bush dog and compared it to the grey wolf and grey fox. The results showed that the bush dog's biting behavior is more similar to the wolf's, suggesting a convergent evolution in their craniomandibular functional morphology. The bush dog has relatively strong bite force and is specialized in hunting prey similar in size to itself.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Matias Soto, Rafael Delcourt, Max C. Langer, Daniel Perea
Summary: A well-preserved and incomplete tooth from the Late Jurassic Tacuarembo Formation in Uruguay is identified as belonging to the Abelisauridae family, marking the first record of abelisaurids in Uruguay and one of the few Jurassic findings of this group globally. The discovery also reveals a diverse Late Jurassic theropod assemblage, consisting of abelisaurids, ceratosaurids, and megalosaurines.
HISTORICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Gabriel Mestriner, Julio C. A. Marsola, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Atila Augusto Stock Da-Rosa, Max Langer
Summary: Recent discoveries and reassessments of silesaurids have provided insights into the origin and early evolution of dinosaurs and their relatives. However, these findings have been relatively limited in South America, a region that likely played a significant role in dinosaurian origins. This study describes disarticulated silesaurid remains from Brazil, providing new evidence of their presence during the Carnian period and suggesting a conservative anatomy among early dinosauromorphs.
JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Bruna M. Farina, Pedro L. Godoy, Roger B. J. Benson, Max C. Langer, Gabriel S. Ferreira
Summary: There is no evidence for directional body size evolution in turtles, and paleotemperature does not significantly affect body size patterns. However, habitat preference does have a significant influence on turtle body size.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)