Anthocyanin occurrence in the root peels, petioles and flowers of red radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

Three novel acylated pelargonidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucosides were isolated from the root peels, petioles and flowers of red radish, Raphanus sativus 'Cheny Mate', in addition to five known anthocyanins namely, pelargonidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside, pelargonidin 3-[2-(glucosyl)-6(ti-ans-p-coumaroyl)-glucosidel-5-glucoside, pelargonidin 3-[2-(glucosyl)-6-(trans-feruloyl)-glucoside]-5-glucoside, pelargonidin 3-[2-(glucosyl)6-(ti-ans-p-coumaroyl)-glucosidej-5-(6-malonylglucoside) and pelargonidin 3-[2-(glucosyl)-6-(trans-feruloyl)-glucosidel-5-(6-malonylglucoside).The structures of three new acylated anthocyanins were shown to be pelargonidin 3-O-[2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside), its demalonyl derivative, and pelargonidin 3-O-[2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(cis-p-coumaroyl)-O-D-glucopyranosidel-5-O-(6O-malonyl-beta-D-glueopymnoside). These pigments were the main components present not only in the root but also in the petioles and flowers of red radish. p-Coumaroyl anthocyanins were the main pigments found in the root, petioles and flowers. Although the trans-p-coumaroyl form was abundant in all three plant organs, its cis form was present in very low amount within the root but in large amount in the flowers and petioles. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.