Article
Pediatrics
Ronald Palmen, Tracy Sandritter, Lindsey Malloy-Walton, Christopher Follansbee, Jonathan B. Wagner
Summary: Flecainide is a highly effective but risky antiarrhythmic drug used in pediatric populations. There is a lack of standard guidelines for dosing in pregnancy and timing of discontinuation prior to childbirth. Pharmacogenomic testing can help determine the etiology of flecainide toxicity and guide dosing decisions, but caution must be exercised in neonates. This case report highlights the use of pharmacogenomic testing and drug monitoring in a newborn with refractory supraventricular tachycardia.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yongtian Xing, Han Xing, Yongcheng Ma, Qingwang Liu, Suyan Xu
Summary: Marrubiin, a furanoid compound isolated from Marrubium vulgare, is known for its pharmacological effects and potential hepatotoxicity. In rats and humans, marrubiin undergoes metabolic activation to form a cis-butene-1,4-dial intermediate, which can react with glutathione and N-acetyl-lysine. Enzyme phenotyping studies revealed that CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 are the primary enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of marrubiin, shedding light on the potential side effects associated with this compound.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Qingcai Huang, Youwen Chen, Zhengjia Zhang, Zeyu Xue, Zhenglai Hua, Xinyi Luo, Yang Li, Cheng Lu, Aiping Lu, Yuanyan Liu
Summary: This article summarizes the generation and mechanism of reactive metabolites in ER stress, as well as the adaptive pathways related to cell death and inflammatory cascades.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Yaoqi Liu, Yue Shen, Li Teng, Longfei Yang, Kun Cao, Qiang Fu, Jiali Zhang
Summary: Plants of genus Stemona have been traditionally used to treat various ailments, but more thorough pharmacological studies on their secondary metabolites are needed to unlock their full therapeutic potential. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms behind the bioactivities of these plants and to evaluate any potential toxicity for future clinical studies.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nan Huang, Wan-Ting Shao, Qi Wang, Wen-Long Wang, Qian-Yuan Wu, Hong-Ying Hu
Summary: This study investigated the degradation mechanisms and toxicity changes of Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) by Vacuum-Ultraviolet/Ultraviolet (VUV/UV) irradiation. The results showed that VUV/UV irradiation was more effective in degrading CMIT compared to sole UV photolysis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaoli Tang, Zengwu Wang, Shengshou Hu, Bingying Zhou
Summary: Drug-induced cardiotoxicity not only affects drug development but also contributes to the high morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondrial impairment, a common form of cardiotoxicity, has not received enough attention in preclinical cardiac safety tests. This review discusses the characteristics of mitochondria in cardiomyocytes, drug-induced mitochondrial toxicities, and the integration of mitochondrial toxicity and proarrhythmic risk assessments in cardiac safety evaluation.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Abraham J. Domb, Ghorbanali Sharifzadeh, Victoria Nahum, Hossein Hosseinkhani
Summary: Nanomaterials are widely used in biomedical applications, but concerns have been raised about their potential risks to tissues, cells, and organs. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of nanotoxicity and conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments are crucial for assessing their toxicity. Physicochemical properties of nanomaterials play a significant role in determining their toxicity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Doman, Eva Doka, Dorottya Garai, Virag Bogdandi, Gyorgy Balla, Jozsef Balla, Peter Nagy
Summary: Reactive sulfur species, including H2S, have emerged as important effector molecules in biological events. They interact with metalloproteins to exert their biological roles, altering fundamental cellular functions and contributing to immune defense, cellular protection against oxidative stress, and redox signaling. Understanding the interactions between RSS and metal centers is crucial for drug development and advancements in redox medicine.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chaoqun Tan, Xuejian Cheng, Tianhui Xu, Kaiyang Chen, Huiming Xiang, Lianghu Su
Summary: This study reports for the first time the feasibility of C-boron enhancement for pollutant degradation in the Fe(III)/PMS system. The addition of C-boron significantly improved the degradation rate of flunixin meglumine, aspirin, nitrobenzene, and benzoic acid, and inhibited the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nain Tara, Mazhar Iqbal, Fazal-e Habib, Qaiser Mahmood Khan, Samina Iqbal, Muhammad Afzal, Hans Brix
Summary: The study successfully degraded RB5 dye using a bacteria-augmented floating treatment wetlands system, revealing the non-toxicity of the metabolites produced. This method could be a promising option for azo dye treatment and may contribute to improving overall textile effluent cleanup processes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Feng Li, Liping Wang, Yilei Cai, Yihuo Luo, Xianai Shi
Summary: In this study, it was found that DAT had low acute toxicity in rats and no toxicity at a subchronic dose of 125 mg/kg/day. However, higher doses of 250 mg/kg/day and 500 mg/kg/day showed toxic effects on food intake, liver, kidney, and lung. DAT significantly altered the intestinal microflora of rats, with 125 mg/kg/day having the most significant impact on diversity.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Neelma Munir, Maria Hanif, Daniel Anthony Dias, Zainul Abideen
Summary: Utilizing halophytic nanoparticles plays a crucial role in alleviating salt stress by enhancing ion flux, water efficiency, improving photosynthesis, and enhancing the antioxidant defense system to improve crop yield.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wen-Long Wang, Yu-Jia Nong, Zheng-Wei Yang, Qian-Yuan Wu, Uwe Huebner
Summary: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of biocides has increased globally, leading to increased residuals in treated wastewater. This study investigated the chlorination kinetics, transformation pathways, and toxicity evolution of two typical isothiazolinone biocides, methyl-isothiazolinone and chloro-methyl-isothiazolinone. The results showed that acidic pH and elevated Cl- concentration favored the removal of these biocides, but the elimination rate in secondary effluent was low and alternative measures may be needed to reduce their discharge into the aquatic environment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Liu, Zheng-Xue Bao, Pei-Ji Zhao, Guo-Hong Li
Summary: Interactions between species in the natural environment are commonly studied using techniques such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Metabolomics, as a key part of systems biology, has been increasingly focused on in the past decade, providing qualitative and quantitative methods for understanding interspecies interactions and exploring new bioactive metabolites. Challenges and prospects of interspecies metabolomics are discussed in this review, shedding light on the mechanisms of defense and new discoveries in biological activities.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ivan Ortega-Blake, Mario Fernandez-Zertuche, Ignacio Regla, Walfred Sanchez-Pena, Antonieta Gomez-Solis, Paola Jaimes-Chavez, Arturo Galvan-Hernandez, Erika Tovar-Garduno, Lourdes Rodriguez-Fragoso
Summary: The safety of Amphotericin A21 (AmB-A21) was evaluated through chronic toxicity, targeted organ toxicity, and dermal irritation studies. The results showed potential testicle damage with long-term use, which reversed after discontinuation of treatment. Dermal irritation study revealed potential skin reactions at higher doses, along with effects on liver enzymes and renal function. Based on the findings, AmB-21 could be a safe option for long-term antifungal treatment with reduced side effects.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
