Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leisheng Shi, Yan Wang, Chong Li, Kunlin Zhang, Quansheng Du, Mei Zhao
Summary: AddictGene is a resource that integrates multidimensional data related to commonly abused substances, including gene expression, gene-gene interaction, gene-drug interaction, and epigenetic regulatory information. This database provides detailed information about differentially expressed genes, offering a valuable resource for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying addiction.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tatiane Teru Takahashi, Raffaele Ornello, Giuseppe Quatrosi, Angelo Torrente, Maria Albanese, Simone Vigneri, Martina Guglielmetti, Cristiano Maria De Marco, Camille Dutordoir, Enrico Colangeli, Matteo Fuccaro, Davide Di Lenola, Valerio Spuntarelli, Laura Pilati, Salvatore Di Marco, Annelies Van Dycke, Ramla Abuukar Abdullahi, Antoinette Maassen van den Brink, Paolo Martelletti
Summary: Chronic headaches are common in migraineurs and can progress to medication overuse headache (MOH). MOH is caused by overuse of painkillers or other medications. While head pain symptoms associated with medication overuse generally improve after stopping regular medication use, behavioral issues such as drug dependence may still persist.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anthony A. Olashore, Saeeda Paruk, Taboka Maphorisa, Boitshepo Mosupiemang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) among adolescents in public schools in Gaborone, Botswana. The results showed a high prevalence of substance use, with alcohol being the most commonly used substance. Factors such as gender, having friends or fathers who use substances, and higher levels of personality disorders were significantly associated with SUD. Regular participation in religious activities was negatively correlated with SUD.
Review
Neurosciences
Nicolo Schifano, Stefania Chiappini, Alessio Mosca, Andrea Miuli, Maria Chiara Santovito, Mauro Pettorruso, Paolo Capogrosso, Federico Deho, Giovanni Martinotti, Fabrizio Schifano
Summary: This review aims to explore the association between recreational drug misuse and decline in male fertility levels. Currently, there is controversy regarding the impact of cannabis on spermatogenesis, while the effects of opiate, cocaine, and amphetamine/stimulant misuse on human reproduction are still unclear.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Enard
Summary: DNA analysis of humans from the Middle Ages reveals that survivors of the bubonic plague experienced rapid natural selection, potentially leading to an increased risk of autoimmune diseases in their descendants.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ewen Callaway
Summary: Ancient DNA from closely related individuals provides new insight into the lives and social structures of Neanderthals.
Biographical-Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bert Holldobler
Summary: This article introduces a naturalist, conservationist and synthesizer who founded sociobiology.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ewen Callaway, Heidi Ledford
Summary: Svante Paabo's discoveries using ancient DNA have had a significant impact on our understanding of human evolution and have played a key role in the development of the field of palaeogenomics.
Article
Substance Abuse
Marion Robert, Emilie Jouanjus, Charles Khouri, Nathalie Fouilhe Sam-Lai, Bruno Revol
Summary: This study explored the trends in opioid abuse and dependence worldwide using the World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance database. Four distinct clusters of countries with similar profiles of opioid abuse and dependence were identified, with Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States having the highest reported risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frank R. Wendt, Gita A. Pathak, Joseph D. Deak, Flavio De Angelis, Dora Koller, Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza, Dannielle S. Lebovitch, Daniel F. Levey, Murray B. Stein, Henry R. Kranzler, Karestan C. Koenen, Joel Gelernter, Laura M. Huckins, Renato Polimanti
Summary: UK Biobank plays a significant role in mental health genome-wide association studies. By using elastic net regression, it is possible to predict disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depression symptoms. Meta-analyses reveal novel genomic risk loci, and transcriptomic analyses indicate altered regulation of prenatal dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in these disorders.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Stefania Chiappini, Rachel Vickers-Smith, Amira Guirguis, John M. Corkery, Giovanni Martinotti, Daniel R. Harris, Fabrizio Schifano
Summary: Over the past twenty years, the consumption of opioids has led to increased drug misuse, abuse, dependence, and fatalities. This study analyzed pharmacovigilance datasets to identify and describe issues related to abuse, misuse, and dependence of prescription opioids. The findings showed that fentanyl and oxycodone were most commonly associated with abuse, while tramadol and oxycodone were strongly associated with drug dependence and withdrawal. Commonly reported concomitant drugs included benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and recreational drugs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tharwat El Zahran, Elie Kanaan, Lynn Kobeissi, Joseph Bouassi, Aseel Sarieddine, Joseph Carpenter, Ziad Kazzi, Eveline Hitti
Summary: This study aimed to assess the utilization patterns and use disorder of benzodiazepines among Lebanese patients. The findings showed that over half of the patients met the criteria for benzodiazepine use disorder, with the majority being young females. Alprazolam was the most commonly used medication, and anxiety was the most common reason for benzodiazepine use. Most patients obtained their medications with a prescription, but they were not satisfied with the physician's instructions and had a lack of knowledge about the side effects and abuse potential of the medication.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gokberk Alagoz, Barbara Molz, Else Eising, Dick Schijven, Clyde Francks, Jason L. Stein, Simon E. Fisher
Summary: This study investigates how genetic factors contribute to altered brain anatomy and connectivity during human evolution by analyzing neuroimaging and genetic data, and integrating with genomic annotations for different aspects of human evolution. The findings reveal the relationship between genetic variants and cortical surface area, white-matter connectivity, and specific brain regions involved in language, memory, and socioemotional processing. The study also identifies regulatory elements and genes implicated in neurogenesis that contribute to neuroanatomical variation. Additionally, the study uncovers the impact of Neanderthal ancestry on white-matter connectivity. Overall, these findings shed light on the complexities of our evolutionary past.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jared R. Bagley, Yalun Tan, Wan Zhu, Zhuanfen Cheng, Saori Takeda, Zhouqing Fang, Ahmed Arslan, Meiyue Wang, Yuan Guan, Lihua Jiang, Ruiqi Jian, Feng Gu, Isabel Parada, David Prince, J. David Jentsch, Gary Peltz
Summary: Genetic variation plays a significant role in the risk of substance use disorder, but the specific genetic factors and mechanisms are mostly unknown. This study suggests that Nav1, a gene involved in dendrite formation and axonal guidance, may be associated with cocaine addiction. Knockout mice lacking Nav1 demonstrated an increased voluntary cocaine intake and motivation for cocaine consumption. Molecular analysis revealed changes in synaptic balance in the cortex and hippocampus of Nav1 knockout mice, potentially contributing to cocaine addiction.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Jared R. Bagley, Yalun Tan, Wan Zhu, Zhuanfen Cheng, Saori Takeda, Zhouqing Fang, Ahmed Arslan, Meiyue Wang, Yuan Guan, Lihua Jiang, Ruiqi Jian, Feng Gu, Isabel Parada, David Prince, J. David Jentsch, Gary Peltz
Summary: Genetic variation plays a significant role in the development of substance use disorders. By analyzing cocaine self-administration data from inbred mouse strains, Nav1, a member of the neuron navigator family, was identified as a candidate gene. Knockout mice lacking Nav1 showed increased voluntary cocaine intake, and further investigations revealed altered excitatory and inhibitory synaptic balance in the cortex and hippocampus.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Emily Shelkowitz, Marie G. Gantz, Ty A. Ridenour, Ann O. Scheimann, Theresa Strong, Jessica Bohonowych, Jessica Duis
Summary: Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic disorder with various characteristics and symptoms, including hypotonia, feeding difficulties, developmental delays, behavioral and psychiatric issues, endocrine disorders, etc. This study used data from the Global PWS Registry to explore the onset and severity of neuropsychiatric features in PWS individuals over time, and its associations with sleep disorders, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms. The study found that seizures are more common in the deletion subtype, while narcolepsy and cataplexy are more common in individuals with sleep-related seizures. The study also showed that anxiety and compulsive behaviors are persistent features of PWS and are associated with a higher frequency of comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ty A. Ridenour, Desiree W. Murray, Jesse Hinde, Cristie Glasheen, Andra Wilkinson, Hannah Rackers, Tamera Coyne-Beasley
Summary: Despite the potential benefits of implementing behavioral services in primary care to prevent risky health behaviors, limited reimbursement for services and negative provider perceptions have hindered the implementation. However, new developments in healthcare funding and screening and referral to prevention (SRP) could help overcome these barriers.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hetal Patel, Justin Barnes, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters, Laura Jean Bierut
Summary: Despite overall increases in suicide rates in both groups, the Medicaid expansion states showed a smaller increase in suicide rates among nonelderly adults compared to nonexpansion states. This difference may be attributed to improved access to mental health care, highlighting the importance of suicide prevention as a benefit of expanding healthcare access.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ty A. Ridenour, Gracelyn Cruden, Yang Yang, Erin E. Bonar, Anthony Rodriguez, Lissette M. Saavedra, Andrea M. Hussong, Maureen A. Walton, Bethany Deeds, Jodi L. Ford, Danica K. Knight, Kevin P. Haggerty, Elizabeth Stormshak, Terrence K. Kominsky, Kym R. Ahrens, Diana Woodward, Xin Feng, Lynn E. Fiellin, Timothy E. Wilens, David J. Klein, Claudia-Santi Fernandes
Summary: The paper introduces the development of evidence-based interventions for preventing opioid misuse and disorder by the Helping to End Addiction Long-Term (HEAL) Prevention Cooperative (HPC). It focuses on comparing the impacts of different interventions on opioid misuse initiation, escalation, severity, and disorder, while also providing an opportunity to harmonize measures across distinct outcome studies. The paper describes a strategy to measure opioid use and discusses the limitations and opportunities of data harmonization, as well as the implications for future research cooperatives and the broader HEAL data ecosystem.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chardee A. Galan, Daniel S. Shaw, Flannery O'Rourke, Maureen D. Reynolds, Anne Gill, Debra L. Bogen, Ty A. Ridenour
Summary: This study evaluated the acceptability, engagement, and efficacy of a primary care screening and prevention program aiming to reduce substance use in early adolescence. The results showed that the screening tools and prevention measures were well accepted by parents and youths, and families actively engaged in the preventive intervention. The study also found that higher-risk youth benefited more from the prevention measures.
RESEARCH ON CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Desiree W. Murray, Ty A. Ridenour, Margaret M. Swingler, Anna Morgan, Meghan Hegarty-Craver
Summary: Adolescent stress is complex and impairing, and novel measures are needed to understand stress variability within individuals. This study tested the feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and wearable biosensors to assess adolescent stress. The results showed that biobehavioral methods can help in understanding day-to-day stress in adolescents, but there is variability in stress experiences and technological limitations, especially for youth of color.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Laura J. Bierut
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. D. Cance, E. T. Adams, E. J. D'Amico, A. Palimaru, C. S. F. Fernandes, L. E. Fiellin, E. E. Bonar, M. A. Walton, K. A. Komro, D. Knight, K. Knight, V. Rao, S. Youn, L. Saavedra, T. A. Ridenour, B. Deeds
Summary: Substance use disorder prevention programs should be tailored to the specific risk profiles of different populations, as individuals who misuse opioids have different risk factors compared to those who use other substances. However, most prevention programs are designed for broad audiences and fail to address important points of intervention. The HEAL Prevention Cooperative (HPC) is a unique research initiative that covers a continuum of care, targeting both universal prevention strategies and specific interventions for older adolescents and young adults currently misusing opioids or other substances. This paper outlines the theoretical foundation of addressing opioid misuse and use disorder across the prevention continuum using examples from HPC research projects.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Amy M. Yule, Claudia-Santi F. Fernandes, Elizabeth A. Stormshak, Yang Yang, Lillyan Shelley, Lynn E. Fiellin, Kaitlin Larkin, Ty A. Ridenour, Lissette M. Saavedra, Kelly Kelleher, Xin Feng, Maureen A. Walton, Erin E. Bonar
Summary: We aim to review the association between childhood-onset mental health conditions and early substance use, specifically opioid misuse and opioid use disorders (OUD). The findings suggest that youth with mental health conditions may benefit from prevention efforts that address both mental health and opioid misuse. We will also discuss the challenges and opportunities of using mental health screening or substance use screening in high-risk settings. Additionally, we will review how the National Institutes of Health's Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) Prevention Cooperative is incorporating mental health in its interventions for youth regarding opioid misuse and OUD prevention.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ty A. Ridenour, Lissette M. Saavedra, Claudia-Santi F. Fernandes, Jessica Duncan Cance, Phillip W. Graham, Barbara A. Oudekerk
Summary: This article describes the individual studies and collaborative efforts of the Helping to End Addiction Long-term Prevention Cooperative's (HPC's) innovative approaches to rapidly develop evidence-based prevention programs for widespread dissemination. The authors summarize the context, objectives, and collective efforts of the HPC research projects in advancing the prevention of opioid misuse. By harmonizing and coordinating efforts across 10 distinct outcomes studies, the HPC's efficacy and etiology evidence will surpass the additive contributions of 10 individual research projects.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Natalie A. Blackburn, Stefany Ramos, Michele Dorsainvil, Camara Wooten, Ty A. Ridenour, Anna Yaros, Vicki Johnson-Lawrence, Dana Fields-Johnson, Nzinga Khalid, Phillip Graham
Summary: Community violence is a persistent problem that affects the well-being of individuals, families, and communities. Traditional law enforcement approaches have been detrimental, and community-centered solutions are needed. This study aims to understand the impact of community-level violence prevention interventions and explore the implementation strategies and barriers.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Chardee A. Galan, Jocelyn Meza, Ty A. Ridenour, Daniel S. Shaw
Summary: This study identified a developmental pathway from Black parents' experiences of racial discrimination to adolescent problem behaviors via parent-child conflict. The findings may inform interventions aimed at promoting resilience in parents and youth faced with pervasive racism.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Social Work
June-Yung Kim, Sonia Minnes, Ty A. A. Ridenour, Adam T. T. Perzynski, Meeyoung O. O. Min, Lynn T. T. Singer
Summary: Problem behavior theory suggests that adolescent attitudes towards deviance may precede health risk behaviors. This study identified three different ATD patterns among early adolescents with prenatal drug exposure, which were associated with subsequent risk behaviors. The findings also highlighted the distinct associations between adolescents' current developmental contexts and ATD patterns.
JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR SOCIAL WORK AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Stephen Tueller, Derek Ramirez, Jessica D. D. Cance, Ai Ye, Anne C. C. Wheeler, Zheng Fan, Christoph H. Hornik, Ty A. A. Ridenour
Summary: This study examines the impact of various factors on the statistical power to detect treatment outcomes in idiographic clinical trials. The factors that are under researchers' control, such as sample size and number of observations per participant, as well as factors that are largely outside of researchers' control, such as population size and treatment effect size, are tested. The study finds that larger treatment effect sizes have the greatest impact on power, followed by more observations per participant and larger samples.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Andrew C. Qi, Karen E. Joynt Maddox, Laura J. Bierut, Kenton J. Johnston
Summary: This cross-sectional study compared the performance of psychiatrists vs other outpatient physicians in Medicare's Merit-Based Incentive Payment System. The findings showed that psychiatrists had lower performance scores, were more likely to receive penalties, and were less likely to receive bonuses compared to other physicians.
