Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Lo Furno, Isabelle Busseau, Antoine Aze, Claudio Lorenzi, Cima Saghira, Matt C. Danzi, Stephan Zuchner, Domenico Maiorano
Summary: This study reveals the important contribution of translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) to the high mutation rate in early embryos of Xenopus laevis and Drosophila melanogaster. It suggests that TLS may be an unforeseen source of genetic diversity, influencing genome evolution and species adaptation.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
James P. Wells, Emily Yun-Chia Chang, Leticia Dinatto, Justin White, Stephanie Ryall, Peter C. Stirling
Summary: DNA replication is a vulnerable time for genome stability maintenance. This study reveals that RAD18 plays a crucial role in coordinating DNA damage tolerance pathways, preventing transcription-replication conflicts, and stabilizing DNA:RNA hybrids during replication. Failure to recruit FANCD2 protein at difficult to replicate and R-loop prone sites leads to increased transcription-replication conflicts and DNA double strand breaks.
Article
Hematology
Yusuke Okamoto, Masako Abe, Anfeng Mu, Yasuko Tempaku, Colette B. Rogers, Ayako L. Mochizuki, Yoko Katsuki, Masato T. Kanemaki, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Alexandra Sobeck, Anja-Katrin Bielinsky, Minoru Takata
Summary: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in any 1 of 22 FA genes. Recent studies have shown that the DNA/RNA helicase SLFN11 plays a role in cell death sensitivity to chemotherapeutic treatments in cancer cells. The depletion of SLFN11 has been shown to improve cell survival in FA patient-derived cells, suggesting a potential link between SLFN11 and FA pathophysiology.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nanda Kumar Jegadesan, Dana Branzei
Summary: In cancer treatment, DDX11 plays a crucial role in regulating DNA repair mechanisms, particularly affecting sensitivity and resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Its mechanism of action includes assisting double strand break resection and loading RAD51 on single-stranded DNA to promote homologous recombination repair.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hao Chen, Matthew Neubauer, Jack P. Wang
Summary: Gene-editing tools have revolutionized genetic improvement in plants, but the low frequency of homologous recombination (HR) in plant cells poses challenges for achieving efficient plant genome engineering. This review summarizes various strategies, such as targeting DNA breaks, optimizing donor sequences, altering plant DNA repair machinery, and considering environmental factors, to increase the frequency of HR in plant cells. By utilizing and refining these strategies, HR-based gene editing may one day become commonplace in plants, as it is in other systems.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Poyuan Xing, Yang Dong, Jingyu Zhao, Zhou Zhou, Zhao Li, Yu Wang, Mengfei Li, Xinghua Zhang, Xuefeng Chen
Summary: The study demonstrates that replication stress suppresses resection pathways mediated by Sgs1/Dna2 and Exo1, leading to disruption in DNA replication and repair. Mrc1 plays a crucial role in inhibiting DSB end resection through regulating chromatin compaction to limit access of HR proteins.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Michael T. Kimble, Matthew J. Johnson, Mattie R. Nester, Lorraine S. Symington
Summary: Exo1 and Sgs1 are involved in long-range resection during HR, which is connected to the activation of the DNA damage checkpoint and the mobility of chromosomes.
Review
Immunology
Saulo Brito Silva, Carlos Wagner S. Wanderley, Leandro Machado Colli
Summary: Cancer cells have genomic instability due to accumulated DNA damage. Multiple DNA damage repair pathways exist to address DNA damage during different cell cycle stages. Immunological checkpoint inhibitors have shown great efficacy in tumors with mismatch repair deficiency, but there are differences in efficacy and resistance to treatment in tumors with homologous recombination deficiency.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Sandra van Wilpe, Sofie H. Tolmeijer, Rutger H. T. Koornstra, I. Jolanda M. de Vries, Winald R. Gerritsen, Marjolijn Ligtenberg, Niven Mehra
Summary: The review examines the association between homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD) and tumor immunogenicity, discussing the impact of HRD on tumor treatment and potential therapeutic strategies. It also highlights the need for extensive clinical data to validate the research findings, emphasizing the importance of further research in this field.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Gonzalez-Garrido, Felix Prado
Summary: Cdc7 and Dbf4 form a complex that is essential for DNA replication initiation. During replication stress, late origins are inhibited to prevent cell cycle progression. Studies have shown that Cdc7 not only plays a role in origin activation, but also in the DNA damage response. Therefore, understanding the spatiotemporal regulation of DDK is important for better understanding these processes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Carolina L. Gandini, Laura E. Garcia, Cinthia C. Abbona, Luis F. Ceriotti, Sergei Kushnir, Danny Geelen, M. Virginia Sanchez-Puerta
Summary: Somatic hybrids between distant species provide a valuable model for studying genomic recombination after mitochondrial fusion. This study used a sensitive bioinformatic strategy to detect recombination activity in somatic hybrid mitochondria and identified multiple common recombination hotspots. The findings have significant implications for mitogenome editing and the understanding of DNA integration following mitochondrial DNA horizontal transfer events.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Miguel A. Villalona-Calero, John P. Diaz, Wenrui Duan, Zuanel Diaz, Eric D. Schroeder, Santiago Aparo, Troy Gatcliffe, Federico Albrecht, Siddhartha Venkatappa, Victor Guardiola, Sara Garrido, Muni Rubens, Fernando DeZarraga, Hao Vuong
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant antitumor activity of pembrolizumab in malignancies without current FDA approved indications and with functional Fanconi anemia deficiency. The results support further evaluation of FATSI as a discriminatory biomarker for population-selected studies.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dayana E. Salas-Leiva, Eelco C. Tromer, Bruce A. Curtis, Jon Jerlstrom-Hultqvist, Martin Kolisko, Zhenzhen Yi, Joan S. Salas-Leiva, Lucie Gallot-Lavallee, Shelby K. Williams, Geert J. P. L. Kops, John M. Archibald, Alastair G. B. Simpson, Andrew J. Roger
Summary: The mechanisms for replicating and segregating DNA are highly conserved across eukaryotes, but some metamonad parasites have lost components of these processes. A genomic analysis of a free-living metamonad reveals a surprising lack of protein complexes involved in DNA processing, indicating potential alternative mechanisms. The Carpediemonas species are the first known eukaryotes to lack a set of conserved complexes, suggesting they may rely on undiscovered or alternative mechanisms for fundamental DNA processes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven J. Sandler, Maxime Leroux, Tricia A. Windgassen, James L. Keck
Summary: This study investigates two biochemical and genetic mechanisms of the PriA-PriB pathway in Escherichia coli, one utilizing PriB-stimulated helicase activity to release a region of ssDNA and the other involving helicase-independent remodeling activity.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Philipp Seidel, Anne Rubarth, Kyra Zodel, Asin Peighambari, Felix Neumann, Yannick Federkiel, Hsin Huang, Rouven Hoefflin, Mojca Adlesic, Christian Witt, David J. Hoffmann, Patrick Metzger, Ralph K. Lindemann, Frank T. Zenke, Christoph Schell, Melanie Boerries, Dominik von Elverfeldt, Wilfried Reichardt, Marie Follo, Joachim Albers, Ian J. Frew
Summary: This study identifies ATR inhibition as a potential therapeutic option for ccRCC, showing that the drug M4344 induces antiproliferative effects in ccRCC cells by inhibiting the DNA damage-sensing kinase ATR. The combination of M4344 with chemotherapeutic drugs or a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor demonstrates better efficacy in both mouse and human ccRCC cells.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Marit A. E. van Bueren, Aniek Janssen
Summary: Eukaryotic nuclei rely on multiple repair pathways to accurately repair DNA damage, particularly in chromatin domains enriched for repetitive DNA sequences. Tailored repair mechanisms are necessary to maintain genome stability in these domains.
