Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hoi-Khoanh Giong, Manivannan Subramanian, Kweon Yu, Jeong-Soo Lee
Summary: Tauopathy refers to a group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases caused by the malfunction of Tau protein due to abnormal hyperphosphorylation. While rodent models dominate the study of tauopathy due to their similarity to humans, genetic animal models using Drosophila, zebrafish, and C. elegans have also contributed significantly to understanding the pathophysiology of tauopathy. These non-rodent genetic animal models offer advantages such as short lifespans, versatile genetic tools, real-time in-vivo imaging capabilities, low maintenance costs, and high-throughput screening potential in tauopathy research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shaochuan Shi, Zhao Zhang
Summary: Floral scents play an important role in rose production and have been studied at the molecular level. This review summarizes the composition, production and emission mechanisms of modern rose floral scents, as well as the latest developments in molecular breeding and metabolic engineering.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Laura Palomo, Pamela Acha, Francesc Sole
Summary: Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are characterized by overlapping features from both myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms. The majority of patients with this disease have mutations in common myeloid neoplasm genes, which play a role in clinical heterogeneity and evolution.
Review
Biology
Akiko Satake, Dave Kelly
Summary: Traditionally, the mechanisms underlying mast seeding have been studied by collecting long-term observational data on seed crops and correlating seedfall with environmental variables. Recent advancements in ecological genomics have provided insights into the genetic basis of masting traits, the role of natural selection in shaping those traits, and the seasonal changes in gene expression that regulate mast seeding. Studies have shown that Fagaceae, with its diversity at both the phenotypic and genetic levels, offers exceptional opportunities for evolutionary investigations into synchronized seed production.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Damian G. Hernandez, Catalina Rivera, Jessica Cande, Baohua Zhou, David L. Stern, Gordon J. Berman
Summary: The study introduces a new framework for simultaneously studying the evolution of multiple behaviors. By measuring the behavioral repertoire of fruit flies and estimating intra- and inter-species behavioral covariances, the research found similarities in the covariance structure of intra-specific behavioral variation and proposed a method to identify groups of behaviors that appear to have evolved in a correlated manner.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Pooja Sharma, Surendra Pratap Singh, Hafiz M. N. Iqbal, Roberto Parra-Saldivar, Sunita Varjani, Yen Wah Tong
Summary: Genetic engineering technology has significant applications in agriculture, such as increasing yields, reducing costs, and minimizing the ecological footprint. It plays a crucial role in sustainable development. However, issues related to regulation and environmental impact should be addressed.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily Nielsen-Dandoroff, Mischa S. G. Ruegg, Louise S. Bicknell
Summary: High-throughput sequencing is now commonly used in diagnostics and genetic testing, and has helped to reveal the clinical features of Meier-Gorlin syndrome (MGORS). Thirteen genes have been identified to be associated with MGORS, and we provide a summary of the genetic and clinical findings for each gene. Interesting observations have been made, such as a high number of synonymous variants affecting splicing in CDC45 and certain genes also causing craniosynostosis. We also focus on the complex molecular genetics of DONSON and discuss the potential non-canonical roles of these proteins in the pathophysiology of MGORS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Nathalia Rodrigues Gomes, Lucas Ambrosio Lima, Ana Luisa Morais-Perdigao, Cinthia Veronica Bardalez Lopez de Caceres, Maria Sissa Pereira Sant'Ana, Helder Antonio Rebelo Pontes, Flavia Sirotheau Correa Pontes, Chane Smit, Willie F. P. van Heerden, Liam Robinson, Claudia Borges Brasileiro, Peter A. Brennan, Felipe Paiva Fonseca
Summary: This systematic review investigated the radiological features of lymphomas and leukaemias affecting the jaws. The majority of cases included high-grade subtypes and showed no periosteal reactions.
JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Helene Morlon, Stephane Robin, Florian Hartig
Summary: The reliability of using birth-death processes to analyze the diversification and extinction dynamics of the past based on phylogenies of extant species is regularly questioned. However, when combined with appropriate prior hypotheses and regularization techniques, extant phylogenies can still provide important information about past diversification dynamics.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mostafa F. ElMaghraby, Laszlo Tirian, Kirsten-Andre Senti, Katharina Meixner, Julius Brennecke
Summary: Researchers have established a versatile toolkit focused on piRNA biology, combining germline transgenic RNAi, GFP marker lines for key proteins of the piRNA pathway, and reporter transgenes to establish genetic hierarchies. By comparing constitutive, pan-germline RNAi with stage-specific RNAi, researchers can investigate the role of genes essential for germline cell survival in piRNA-dependent and independent transposon silencing.
Article
Oncology
Shuai Li, Tuong L. Nguyen, Tu Nguyen-Dumont, James G. Dowty, Gillian S. Dite, Zhoufeng Ye, Ho N. Trinh, Christopher F. Evans, Maxine Tan, Joohon Sung, Mark A. Jenkins, Graham G. Giles, John L. Hopper, Melissa C. Southey
Summary: Mammogram risk scores based on pixel brightness predict breast cancer risk. Genetic markers associated with breast cancer risk have weak correlation with mammogram risk scores. Discovering genetic determinants of bright regions in mammogram could reveal new genetic causes of breast cancer.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Emily Chang, Hakan Demirci, F. Yesim Demirci
Summary: Conjunctival melanoma is a rare but aggressive cancer with dysregulated MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Molecular studies have improved our understanding of CM genetics and led to new therapeutic avenues. The knowledge gained from CM genetic studies has the potential to improve and personalize treatments, as well as guide prognostic testing for better clinical outcomes.
Review
Biology
Subhajit Sarkar, Abhijit Das
Summary: Fruit flies, specifically their olfactory system, have been extensively used as a model organism for studying neurobiology and human neurological disorders. This system offers several advantages for research, including genetic tractability and well-studied neuroanatomy. This review discusses the progress made in using fruit flies to study human neurological pathophysiology and explores the potential for modeling more complex neurological conditions.
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joosje Bleeker, Zhu A. Wang
Summary: Inflammatory environment promotes cell proliferation and may contribute to the progression of BPH and PCa. Vertebrate prostatitis models are valuable for studying the mechanisms by which prostate inflammation promotes BPH and PCa.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hadi Atashi, Miel Hostens
Summary: Holstein Friesian is the dominant breed of dairy cattle in Iran, and a genetic evaluation system for economically important traits is necessary. Genetic parameters for somatic cell count (SCC) in Iranian Holstein cows were estimated, showing low negative genetic correlations with yield traits. Selecting for decreased SCC could lead to increased lactation yield.
