Review
Energy & Fuels
Weidong Li, Wenda Wang, Jirong Ran, Huiyuan Li, Jianxun Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the issues in flow assurance of crude oil pipeline transportation, particularly on pig stalling and wax blockage. By extensively surveying multiple field pigging operations, it summarizes the experience and lessons obtained from these incidents. The drawn experience and lessons are helpful for scheduling pigging program and enhancing the security of pipelines.
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hanqing Zhang, Huiyuan Li, Weidong Li, Jianguang Wang, Wenda Wang, Yongjuan Zhang, Lin Teng, Pengbo Yin, Xin Huang
Summary: Mechanical pigging is a common wax removal technique in crude oil pipeline transportation. A superparamagnetic nanoparticle pigging system has been designed to soften wax deposits and reduce resistance, improving pigging efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xuedong Gao, Qiyu Huang, Xun Zhang, Yu Zhang, Xiangrui Zhu, Jinxu Shan
Summary: In this study, the wax removal physics of foam pigs was experimentally investigated, and a five-phase description of wax resistive force was proposed; the effects of foam pig density, wax yield stress, and wax layer thickness on the wax removal efficiency were further discussed.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhonghong Huang, Jian Shuai
Summary: This paper proposes a three-index system for the performance evaluation of pipeline integrity management. It comprehensively evaluates the status, adequacy, and effectiveness of integrity management, helping pipeline operators identify weaknesses in each step. The improved analytic hierarchy process is used to consider different expert backgrounds and revise their opinions. The evaluation results are adjusted to improve their reasonableness. The case study of an oil and gas company shows that the system has practicality and accurately reflects the shortcomings of pipeline integrity management, providing a comprehensive understanding of pipeline operation status.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Weidong Li, Huiyuan Li, Hongju Da, Kai Hu, Yongjuan Zhang, Lin Teng
Summary: This study found that the addition of pour point depressants can significantly alter the properties of wax deposits, reducing the deposition rate, increasing the wax appearance temperature, and raising the wax content. Furthermore, the pour point depressants accelerate the aging process of deposits, leading to enriched heavy components of n-alkanes and diluted light components.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongfang Lu, Dongmin Xi, Guojin Qin
Summary: Oil spills from pipeline accidents can cause long-lasting environmental damage to soil and water. This study calculates the accident rate and estimates the environmental risk by considering environmental remediation costs. Michigan has the highest environmental risk for crude oil pipelines, while Texas has the highest risk for product oil pipelines. Factors affecting pipeline integrity management, such as diameter and design pressure, are also analyzed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Mechanical
Xia Wu, Shuhao Niu, Changjun Li
Summary: This paper reviews the research progress on the dynamic response of natural gas pipeline aerial crossings during pigging processes, and discusses the challenges faced by the research. The findings suggest that the core issue of two-phase flow-induced fluid-structure coupling vibration has not been well solved, highlighting the need for more experimental research and numerical simulations to further explore the topic.
JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mohamed Azzam, Waleed Khalifa
Summary: In the current work, a fast-running ductile fracture occurred at an 18-inch offshore pipeline. The pipeline, made of longitudinal seam welded pipe conforming to API 5L Grade X42, ruptured at a depth of 2756 in. from the sea surface. The visual examination revealed that the crack originated at a sharp weld toe angle and propagated along the longitudinal seam weld. Both the internal pressure and external stresses contributed to the crack propagation during the rupture.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liqiao Huang, Qi Liao, Jinyue Yan, Yongtu Liang, Haoran Zhang
Summary: A detailed Life Cycle Assessment model was established to analyze carbon emissions of oil products pipeline system, with practical pipe data adopted for the case study. The study identified pipe length, diameter, and throughput as dominating factors of emissions, and provided recommendations for reducing emissions in oil product pipe transportation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maciej Witek
Summary: This study evaluates the burst pressure and structural integrity of a steel pipeline based on in-line inspection results, focusing on grouping criteria of closely spaced defects and their impact on pipeline strength. Results show that groups of closely-spaced defects behave similarly to individual flaws in terms of burst pressure and pipeline failure probability.
Article
Engineering, Petroleum
Xuedong Gao, Qiyu Huang, Xun Zhang, Yu Zhang
Summary: In this study, an analytical model was developed to calculate the wax plug transportation force, and the viscous component was introduced to capture time effects. Experimental verification showed that the model had a small relative error. The results of this study are important for predicting wax plug transportation force and understanding the formation conditions of wax blockages.
SPE PRODUCTION & OPERATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Alla Yu Vladova
Summary: Extensive but remote oil and gas fields in Canada and Russia require long pipelines, which are affected by the deepening of seasonal thawing caused by global warming and local anthropogenic effects. In order to improve the accuracy of temperature monitoring and separate anthropogenic heat losses from seasonal fluctuations, a short-term prediction approach using a transformed multidimensional dataset is proposed. The Prophet model is used for forecasting, with linear and nonlinear functions defining trend and seasonal components, while abnormal days can be defined by an analyst.
Article
Environmental Studies
Phat Luong
Summary: Both Permian and Williston Basins are facing pipeline bottlenecks. The price of Bakken sweet crude in Williston is still connected to the national WTI benchmark and downstream gasoline market, while the Midland crude price in Permian Basin is not. The Midland price only reconnects with WTI and regional gasoline price after the alleviation of the takeaway bottleneck. This is due to the rail system developed in the Williston Basin, which allows Bakken crude to reach other trading hubs and downstream markets during pipeline bottlenecks. Blocking pipeline constructions will not stop the flow of oil, as more oil will be transported by trucks, railways, and barges. These modes of shipping are more expensive and less safe and efficient than pipelines.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haizhou Lv, Lingjie Xiang, Tao Wang, Yuxing Li, Kai Zhou, Xiaofeng Xu, Wuchang Wang, Yun Wu
Summary: This paper focuses on the safety and reliability of PE pipes in urban gas pipeline networks. It analyzes the aging factors and failure forms of PE pipes, summarizes the performance testing methods, introduces life prediction methods, and establishes a technical system for integrity detection and evaluation of urban gas pipelines.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Chiemela Victor Amaechi, Grant Hosie, Ahmed Reda
Summary: In order to save costs and prevent unnecessary shutdowns, operators of oil and gas need an effective subsea pipeline integrity management system. Many subsea pipelines have exceeded their design lives but are still operated safely and in compliance with regulations and standards. Older flowlines often lack permanent pigging facilities, so operators use various inspection and monitoring techniques to gather essential integrity management data. However, translating this data into meaningful information can be challenging. This paper presents a holistic approach to implement pipeline integrity management tools for safe operation and maintenance, as well as reviews the integrity of ageing pipelines.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alice Massimiani, Filippo Panini, Simone Luigi Marasso, Nicolo Vasile, Marzia Quaglio, Christian Coti, Donatella Barbieri, Francesca Verga, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Dario Viberti
Summary: Understanding multiphase flow in porous media is important in various fields, but detailed visualization is challenging due to opacity and complexity. Microfluidic devices provide a solution by enabling direct visualization and control of fluid dynamics. In this study, two different micromodels were designed, fabricated, and tested for visualizing gas-brine flow in underground storage systems. Preliminary experiments were conducted to validate the design and fabrication procedures and to explore the impact of design on fluid dynamics.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Alice Massimiani, Filippo Panini, Simone Luigi Marasso, Matteo Cocuzza, Marzia Quaglio, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Francesca Verga, Dario Viberti
Summary: Underground porous media are complex multiphase systems influenced by physical phenomena occurring at the pore(micro)-scale, and understanding pore-scale fluid flow, transport properties, and chemical reactions is crucial. Microfluidics, with its synthetic tools known as micromodels or microfluidic devices, offers direct visualization of fluid dynamics and has become a valuable tool for investigating multiphase flow in underground porous media. This article provides a review of the design, materials, and fabrication techniques of 2D micromodels, as well as their applications and limitations.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Matteo Parmeggiani, Alberto Ballesio, Silvia Battistoni, Rocco Carcione, Matteo Cocuzza, Pasquale D'Angelo, Victor V. V. Erokhin, Simone Luigi Marasso, Giorgia Rinaldi, Giuseppe Tarabella, Davide Vurro, Candido Fabrizio Pirri
Summary: In recent years, there has been a constant growth in the studies of Organic Bioelectronics due to the interest in connecting the digital world with the biological one in disciplines such as medicine, biology, and food safety. The focus is on organic neuromorphic devices and organic transistor sensors, which are rapidly growing due to their low cost, high sensitivity, and biocompatibility. This review specifically analyzes the Italian production in this field, highlighting its trend and possible future evolutions.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Alejandra Salas, Hanna Pazniak, Jesus Gonzalez-Julian, Stefano Bianco, Julia Amici, Thierry Ouisse, Ignazio Roppolo, Matteo Cocuzza
Summary: 3D printing technology is used for various applications, including electronics, but requires the development of novel 3D printable materials to produce complex structures. This study reports the synthesis of 3D printable photocurable resins embedding Ti3C2Tz-MXenes, a class of 2D layered materials with excellent electronic properties. Stable inks suitable for Digital Light Processing 3D printing technology were successfully synthesized and used to fabricate complex 3D composite structures. Annealing treatments were performed to enhance the electrical conductivity of the material, resulting in objects with improved conductivity and opening new possibilities for the development of complex 3D electronics.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Giulia Gianola, Nadia Garino, Mattia Bartoli, Adriano Sacco, Candido F. Pirri, Juqin Zeng
Summary: In this study, a green approach for synthesizing catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was reported. Conductive cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were obtained through pyrolysis and subsequently activated with sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) dopants and decorated with tin oxide (SnO2) nanocrystals using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process. The resulting N/S-doped CNC/SnO2 nanocomposite showed excellent catalytic performance towards the ORR in alkaline environment, which demonstrates its potential in alkaline fuel cell and metal-air battery applications.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Valentina Bertana, Giorgio Scordo, Elena Camilli, Limeng Ge, Pietro Zaccagnini, Andrea Lamberti, Simone Luigi Marasso, Luciano Scaltrito
Summary: Renewable energy technologies and IoT devices require proper energy storage devices, and additive manufacturing techniques offer the possibility to fabricate functional features. Among these techniques, direct ink writing is widely investigated for producing energy storage devices. This study presents the development and characterization of a resin for micro precision stereolithography 3D printing of a supercapacitor. The printed electrodes were electrically and electrochemically investigated in an interdigitated device architecture, showing good electrical conductivity and energy density within the literature range.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ivan De Carlo, Luisa Baudino, Petr Klapetek, Mara Serrapede, Fabio Michieletti, Natascia De Leo, Fabrizio Pirri, Luca Boarino, Andrea Lamberti, Gianluca Milano
Summary: This study reports on the electrical and thermal properties of copper oxide nanowires synthesized through thermal growth on copper foil. The nanowires exhibited high conductivity and thermal conductivity, making them suitable for the rational design of optoelectronic devices.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giulia Massaglia, Tommaso Serra, Fabrizio Candido Pirri, Marzia Quaglio
Summary: This study investigates a new nanostructured gas diffusion layer (nano-GDL) to improve the performance of air cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cells (a-SCMFCs). The new nano-GDLs are fabricated using electrospinning to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction and show higher current density and energy recovery factor compared to standard GDL.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessio Mezza, Mattia Bartoli, Angelica Chiodoni, Juqin Zeng, Candido F. Pirri, Adriano Sacco
Summary: Gas-fed reactors for CO2 reduction are effective in mitigating CO2 accumulation, but the separation process of CO2 from flue gases is energy-demanding. Bicarbonate zero-gap flow reactors can integrate carbon capture and valorization, converting the bicarbonate solution into valuable chemicals to avoid expensive separation. This study investigates the influence of electrode structure on bicarbonate reactor performance, discovering a low-loaded silver-based electrode with enhanced selectivity and activity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yevgeniya Y. Kedruk, Alessandra Contestabile, Juqin Zeng, Marco Fontana, Marco Laurenti, Lesya V. Gritsenko, Giancarlo Cicero, Candido F. Pirri, Khabibulla A. Abdullin
Summary: This study investigates a unique method that utilizes ZnO nanostructures to address both wastewater treatment and CO2 reduction, turning them into useful feedstocks. The results show that the ZnO lamella morphology achieves the best performance, likely due to its higher aspect ratio.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Andrea Carpignano, Raffaella Gerboni, Alessio Mezza, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Adriano Sacco, Daniele Sassone, Alessandro Suriano, Anna Chiara Uggenti, Francesca Verga, Dario Viberti
Summary: New possibilities for repurposing old platforms have been explored, particularly for transitioning them from recreational tourism to fish farming. This study examines the potential conversion options in the context of the current energy transition and the offshore Italian scenario. The findings show that offshore platforms can be converted into valuable infrastructure, contributing to the energy transition targets, as long as system specificity is considered, including the relevant depleted reservoirs.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Christoforos Benetatos, Felice Catania, Giorgio Giglio, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Alice Raeli, Luciano Scaltrito, Cristina Serazio, Francesca Verga
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of underground fluid storage for balancing energy production and consumption, ensuring energy supply security, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions through CO2 geological sequestration. The authors developed a technology and methodology to monitor seabed movements and validate predictions of offshore underground fluid storage impacts. They integrated a measurement system into an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle to periodically monitor seabed bathymetry and compared these measurements with numerical simulations to confirm safety conditions. The Virtual Element Method was applied to simulate the response of the storage system to fluid storage.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Behrouz Aghajanloo, Fatemeh Ejeian, Francesca Frascella, Simone L. L. Marasso, Matteo Cocuzza, Alireza Fadaei Tehrani, Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani, David W. W. Inglis
Summary: Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a passive separation method for particle and cell sorting. It offers high size resolution and operates using capillary pressure, making it suitable for point-of-care devices. The method achieves high separation efficiency and is simple to use, making it a valuable technique in the field of microfluidic technologies.