Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Piotr F. Czempik, Michal P. Pluta, Mariusz Hofman, Piotr S. Liberski, Tomasz Jaworski, Anna Szczepanska, Oskar Bozek
Summary: A 54-year-old male with impaired consciousness was admitted to the ICU. His medical history included alcohol dependence, liver cirrhosis, esophageal varices, previous banding procedures, and obesity. Imaging tests initially showed no abnormalities, but an urgent esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed esophageal varices and scarification. Further investigations including neurologic assessment and MRI led to a diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. CT of the abdomen confirmed the diagnosis by showing intussusception of the ileum.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Piero Amodio, Sara Montagnese
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy is a form of brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and/or portal-systemic shunting, with inconsistencies in its detection and management. Diagnosis of HE involves consideration of its phenotypes, risk factors, and differential diagnosis from other similar conditions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonel Trebicka, Jane Macnaughtan, Bernd Schnabl, Debbie L. Shawcross, Jasmohan S. Bajaj
Summary: Cirrhosis, the end-stage of chronic liver disease, is closely associated with intestinal bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis. These factors contribute to hepatocyte death, infections, systemic inflammation, and organ failure. Targeting the microbiota with strategies such as antibiotics, fecal microbial transplantation, and enterosorbents may prevent acute decompensation and improve outcomes for patients with ACLF.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Johanna Ascher Bartlett, Rohit Kohli
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy is a condition associated with both chronic and acute liver disease, characterized by mental status changes and neuropsychiatric impairment. It can be challenging to identify in children, but careful assessment is crucial as symptom progression may indicate cerebral edema and systemic deterioration. Hyperammonemia may be present, but its degree does not correlate with clinical severity. Current treatment options include addressing the underlying cause and reducing high ammonia levels with medications or extracorporeal liver support.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simon Johannes Gairing, Chiara Mangini, Lisa Zarantonello, Stefania Gioia, Elise Jonasson Nielsen, Sven Danneberg, Anna S. Lok, Philippe Sultanik, Peter Robert Galle, Joachim Labenz, Dominique Thabut, Jens Uwe Marquardt, Patricia P. Bloom, Mette Munk Lauridsen, Sara Montagnese, Silvia Nardelli, Christian Labenz
Summary: This large multicenter study demonstrates that screening for minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a useful tool for predicting the development of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) and poorer survival.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hitomi Hoshi, Po-Sung Chu, Aya Yoshida, Nobuhito Taniki, Rei Morikawa, Karin Yamataka, Fumie Noguchi, Ryosuke Kasuga, Takaya Tabuchi, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Hidetsugu Saito, Takanori Kanai, Nobuhiro Nakamoto
Summary: Acute decompensation (AD) of liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are fatal conditions. Indeterminate acute insults are the leading acute precipitant, with a higher risk of recurrence.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kessarin Thanapirom, Monton Wongwandee, Sirinporn Suksawatamnuay, Panarat Thaimai, Napaporn Siripon, Wanwisar Makhasen, Sombat Treeprasertsuk, Piyawat Komolmit
Summary: The study aimed to establish the normative data of PHES in healthy Thai individuals, assess the prevalence of MHE, and validate the use of S-ANT1 in detecting MHE in cirrhotic patients. The results showed that MHE was present in 26.6% of cirrhotic patients. S-ANT1 had a moderate positive correlation with PHES.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Gil-Gomez, Angela Rojas, Maria R. Garcia-Lozano, Rocio Munoz-Hernandez, Rocio Gallego-Duran, Douglas Maya-Miles, Rocio Montero-Vallejo, Sheila Gato, Javier Gallego, Ruben Frances, German Soriano, Javier Ampuero, Manuel Romero-Gomez
Summary: In patients with cirrhosis carrying the HSD17B13 gene variant rs72613567:TA, there is an increased risk of hepatic decompensation and death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jasmohan S. Bajaj, Marcela Pena-Rodriguez, Alex La Reau, Wendy Phillips, Michael Fuchs, Brian C. Davis, Richard K. Sterling, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, Andrew Fagan, Amirhossein Shamsaddini, Zachariah Henseler, Tonya Ward, Puneet Puri, Hannah Lee, Patrick M. Gillevet
Summary: Longitudinal study on cirrhosis outpatients showed that the greatest changes in transkingdom gut microbial interactions occurred during the first decompensation, compared to subsequent decompensating events. A transkingdom approach may improve prediction and provide therapeutic targets for preventing cirrhosis progression.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chathur Acharya, Jawaid Shaw, Nikki Duong, Andrew Fagan, Sara McGeorge, James B. Wade, Leroy R. Thacker, Jasmohan S. Bajaj
Summary: This study aimed to determine the minimum number of EncephalApp runs needed for comparable accuracy to the total EncephalApp using PHES as the gold standard. The results showed that Off runs 1 and 2 had similar accuracy in predicting PHES-CHE compared to the total EncephalApp time.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wansheng Yan, Zhihui Yao, Qiutong Ou, Gang Ye
Summary: This study aimed to predict the 90-day survival rate of liver cirrhosis patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in the intensive care unit (ICU) by establishing a prognosis nomogram. The results showed that the nomogram had a good performance in predicting patient survival rate.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jose-Manuel Ramos-Rincon, Hector Pinargote-Celorio, Carmen de Mendoza, Clara Ramos-Belinchon, Pablo Barreiro, Ana Trevino, Octavio Corral, Vicente Soriano
Summary: The rate of hepatic decompensation events and liver cancer has declined and/or plateaued in recent years for patients hospitalized with HBV and HCV infections, following the widespread use of oral antiviral therapies for these viruses. In contrast, the rate of decompensated cirrhotic events and HCC has kept rising up for patients with hepatitis delta, for which effective antiviral treatment does not exist yet.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Octavi Bassegoda, Pol Olivas, Laura Turco, Mattias Mandorfer, Miquel Serra-Burriel, Luis Tellez, Wilhelmus Kwanten, Alexia Laroyenne, Oana Farcau, Edilmar Alvarado, Lucile Moga, Elise Vuille-Lessard, Jose Ignacio Fortea, Luis Ibanez, Giulia Tosetti, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Helene Larrue, Diego Burgos-Santamaria, Horia Stefanescu, Rafael Paternostro, Annalisa Cippitelli, Sabela Lens, Salvador Augustin, Elba Llop, Wim Laleman, Jonel Trebicka, Johannes Chang, Helena Masnou, Alexander Zipprich, Francesca Miceli, Georg Semmler, Xavier Forns, Massimo Primignani, Rafael Banares, Angela Puente, Annalisa Berzigotti, Pierre Emmanuel Rautou, Candid Villanueva, Pere Gines, J. C. Garcia-Pagan, Bogdan Procopet, Cristophe Bureau, Agustin Albillos, Sven Francque, Thomas Reiberger, Filippo Schepis, Isabel Graupera, Virginia Hernandez-Gea
Summary: Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have a higher prevalence of portal hypertension-related decompensation than patients with hepatitis C (HCV), regardless of the value of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG).
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Burak Ozbas, Onur Keskin, Hartmut Hecker, Irfan Karahan, Cansu Ozbas, Cagdas Kalkan, Aysun Kartal, Fatih Oguz Onder, Burcu Kahveci Oncu, Genco Gencdal, Murat Akyildiz, Fulya Gunsar, Ramazan Idilman, Karin Weissenborn, Omer Ozutemiz, Cihan Yurdaydin
Summary: PHES score was standardized for Turkish patients and compared with German norms; the prevalence of mHE in compensated cirrhotics was 29.8% with PHES and 27.4% with CFF tests, Turks performed worse in the digit symbol and serial dotting subtests but better in other subtests; combining digit symbol and serial dotting subtests may be suitable for screening mHE.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hye Won Lee, Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Yee-Kit Tse, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Sang Hoon Ahn, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
Summary: This study reported the incidence and predictors of hepatic decompensation among cirrhotic patients receiving antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B. The results showed that hepatic decompensation is uncommon but not eliminated, with factors such as baseline liver stiffness measurement, diabetes, and blood indicators being associated with decompensation.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Prateek Padole, Anil Arora, Praveen Sharma, Prakash Chand, Nishant Verma, Ashish Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of saroglitazar in treating overweight patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results showed that only patients who were able to achieve at least 5% weight reduction experienced improvements in liver function and the severity of NAFLD. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to further evaluate the independent effect of saroglitazar in these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ashish Kumar, Praveen Sharma, Anil Arora
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shveta Sharma, Richika Ganjoo, Sourav Kr Saha, Namhyun Kang, Abhinay Thakur, Humira Assad, Vivek Sharma, Ashish Kumar
Summary: The study found that Baclofen as a corrosion inhibitor has a significant inhibitory effect on mild steel corrosion, with increased inhibition efficiency as the amount of Baclofen used increases. Potentiodynamic polarization study showed that Baclofen controlled both anodic and cathodic reactions, but with cathodic predominance. Further validation of experimental results was provided through electrochemical analysis and adsorption studies.
JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Monil Majmundar, Ashish Kumar, Rajkumar Doshi, Mariam Shariff, Zachary J. Il'giovine, Varinder K. Randhawa, W. H. Wilson Tang, Randall C. Starling, Jerry D. Estep, Ankur Kalra
Summary: This study analyzed the trends of 30-day readmission rates after primary left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and identified high-risk patients associated with increased mortality, resource use, and readmission rates. The study found that the readmission rates did not change significantly from 2010 to 2018 and patients with post-LVAD complications had higher mortality and readmission rates. This highlights the importance of closer monitoring for high-risk patients after primary LVAD implantation.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Danielle E. Arnold, Rofida Nofal, Connor Wakefield, Kai Lehmberg, Katharina Wustrau, Michael H. Albert, Emma C. Morris, Jennifer R. Heimall, Nancy J. Bunin, Ashish Kumar, Michael B. Jordan, Theresa Cole, Sharon Choo, Tim Brettig, Carsten Speckmann, Stephan Ehl, Malgorzata Salamonowicz, Justin Wahlstrom, Kanchan Rao, Claire Booth, Austen Worth, Rebecca A. Marsh
Summary: Patients with XIAP deficiency tolerate reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) and reduced-toxicity conditioning (RTC) regimens well, with survival rates similar to hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for other genetic HLH disorders. Acute GVHD and HLA mismatch negatively impact survival in XIAP-deficient patients undergoing allogeneic HCT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Saurabh Singh, Simant Kumar Srivastav, Ashutosh Patel, Ashish Kumar, Ratnamala Chatterjee, Tsunehiro Takeuchi, Sudhir K. Pandey
Summary: In this study, the structural and thermoelectric properties of a composite material synthesized by sol-gel method were reported. The composite, composed of two different materials in a 50:50 weight ratio, exhibited a large power factor and low thermal conductivity. The Seebeck coefficients, electrical resistivity, and thermal conductivity increased monotonically with temperature until a certain point, and then decreased gradually. The calculated figure-of-merit (ZT) showed an increasing trend with temperature, and the maximum ZT value was nearly three times larger than that of a previously reported material.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ashish Kumar, Hitoshi Maruyama, Anil Arora, Praveen Sharma, Shrihari Anil Anikhindi, Naresh Bansal, Mandhir Kumar, Piyush Ranjan, Munish Sachdeva, Shivam Khare
Summary: Liver stiffness measurement using transient elastography is a promising noninvasive method for diagnosing clinically significant portal hypertension. It correlates well with hepatic venous pressure gradient and has a high accuracy for diagnosing portal hypertension with a liver stiffness cut-off value of 22.8 kPa.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ULTRASONICS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Paul Milne, Simon Bomken, Olga Slater, Ashish Kumar, Adam Nelson, Somak Roy, Jessica Velazquez, Kshitij Mankad, James Nicholson, Dan Yeomanson, Richard Grundy, Ahmed Kamal, Anthony Penn, Jane Pears, Gerard Millen, Bruce Morland, James Hayden, Jason Lam, Maymoon Madkhali, Jamie MacDonald, Preeti Singh, Sarah Pagan, Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, Milen Minkov, Jean Donadieu, Jennifer Picarsic, Carl Allen, Venetia Bigley, Matthew Collin
Summary: Most children with high-risk Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) harbor BRAFV600E mutation, which is detectable in myeloid mononuclear cells at diagnosis. This study demonstrates a lineage switch of the mutation from monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells to T cells in high-risk LCH patients over time. This finding has implications for monitoring strategies and the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in LCH.
Letter
Oncology
Irem Eldem, Jennifer Picarsic, Ashish Kumar, Yael P. Mosse, Kaleigh Filisa Roberts, Amy E. Armstrong, Bryan A. Sisk
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ashish Kumar
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ashish Kumar
Summary: Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, was approved for T2DM in 2022. The SURMOUNT-1 trial investigated its efficacy in weight reduction for non-diabetic obese individuals. The trial found significant weight loss with different doses of tirzepatide compared to placebo, along with improvements in various metabolic parameters and manageable adverse events.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anil Arora, Ashish Kumar, Anil C. Anand, Ajay Kumar, Ajay Yadav, Ajit Bhagwat, Ajit S. Mullasari, Ambarish Satwik, Anoop Saraya, Ashwani Mehta, Debabrata Roy, Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy, Govind Makharia, Jagarapudi M. K. Murthy, Jayanta Roy, Jitendra P. S. Sawhney, Kameshwar Prasad, Mahesh Goenka, Mathew Philip, Meenakshisundaram Umaiorubahan, Nakul Sinha, Padinhare P. Mohanan, Padmavathy N. Sylaja, Pinjala Ramakrishna, Prafulla Kerkar, Praveer Rai, Rakesh Kochhar, Rakesh Yadav, Sandeep Nijhawan, Saroj K. Sinha, Shirish M. Hastak, Sidharth Viswanathan, Uday C. Ghoshal, Unnikrishnan Madathipat, Vijay Thakore, Vinay Dhir, Vivek A. Saraswat, Zaheer Nabi
Summary: This article discusses the use of antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events, as well as the increasing burden of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with these agents. It also highlights the increased risk of procedure-related bleeding in patients on antithrombotic therapies.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jasmohan S. Bajaj, Ashok K. Choudhury, Qing Xie, Patrick S. Kamath, Mark Topazian, Peter C. Hayes, Aldo Torre, Hailemichael Desalegn, Ramazan Idilman, Zhujun Cao, Mario R. Alvares-da-Silva, Jacob George, Brian J. Bush, Leroy R. Thacker, Florence Wong
Summary: This study aimed to assess predictors of death in inpatients with cirrhosis and found that patients from low-income countries have higher mortality rates, which may be due to disparities in access to essential diagnostic and treatment services.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Lara Berklite, Andrew Gifford, Derrick Lian, Loretta Lau, Adam Nelson, Robert Lorsbach, Somak Roy, Ashish Kumar, Jennifer Picarsic
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Sara Monaghan, Nicholas Jaeger, Nidhi Aggarwal, Jing-Zhou Hou, Kenneth Bennett, Somak Roy, Ashish Kumar, Jennifer Picarsic
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)