Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Adam H. Dyer, Robert Briggs, Eamon Laird, Leane Hoey, Catherine F. Hughes, Helene McNulty, Mary Ward, J. J. Strain, Anne M. Molloy, Conal Cunningham, Kevin McCarroll
Summary: In older adults, both high HbA(1c) levels and the presence of diabetes are associated with poorer cognitive performance and specific domain-specific neuropsychological performance. This suggests that focusing on HbA(1c) levels, not just diabetes status, may be important for promoting optimal brain health in older adults.
Article
Ophthalmology
Sawako Hashimoto, Miho Yasuda, Kohta Fujiwara, Emi Ueda, Shun Nakamura, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Mayu Higashioka, Jun Hata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Koh-Hei Sonoda
Summary: The prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetic individuals in a Japanese community have significantly decreased over the past two decades.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tali Cukierman-Yaffe, Leslie A. McClure, Thomas Risoli, Jackie Bosch, Mike Sharma, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Oscar Benavente
Summary: Lacunar stroke patients with diabetes showed a relationship between A(1c) levels and cognitive function changes over time. Higher baseline A(1c) levels were associated with lower cognitive scores and increased A(1c) over time corresponded to a decrease in cognitive scores during follow-up. Additional intervention studies are needed to explore whether better glucose control could help slow cognitive decline in this high-risk population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nichole E. Carlson, Ken W. Horton, John E. Hokanson, Patricia A. Cleary, David R. Jacobs, John D. Brunzell, Jonathan Q. Purnell
Summary: Obesity is a significant health issue for participants with type 1 diabetes undergoing intensive diabetes management. The study compared weight gain in those receiving intensive and conventional type 1 diabetes treatment, as well as a population without diabetes. It was found that weight gain with intensive therapy occurred in two stages and resulted in similar or higher obesity rates compared to the population without diabetes after 2 years. Glucose control and family history were identified as influential factors.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Simmons
Summary: The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus has traditionally been based on an oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks of gestation, but with the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in pregnancy, there is a need to identify undiagnosed diabetes as early as possible. Screening for undiagnosed diabetes in early pregnancy can help identify women with higher blood sugar levels but who do not meet the criteria for overt diabetes, leading to a greater risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sara Hallstrom, Ann-Marie Svensson, Aldina Pivodic, Arndis F. Olafsdottir, Magnus Londahl, Hans Wedel, Marcus Lind
Summary: The incidence of lower extremity amputations in people with type 1 diabetes has decreased over time in Sweden, with major risk factors being hyperglycemia and renal dysfunction.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tawanda Chivese, Jennifer Hirst, Joshua T. Matizanadzo, Michael Custodio, Andrew Farmer, Shane Norris, Naomi Levitt
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c in screening for type 2 diabetes in Africa, showing that at certain cut-off points, HbA1c may lead to some degree of misdiagnosis.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sudip Mahapatra, Megan E. Parker, Niraj Dave, Stephanie C. Zobrist, Danie Shajie Arul, Allie King, Arvind Betigeri, Ruchika Sachdeva
Summary: A study in Gujarat, India showed that providing school children with multiple micronutrient fortified rice significantly increased hemoglobin levels, reduced anemia prevalence, and improved cognitive performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Innocent Mugume, Solomon Wafula, Damazo Kadengye, Josefien Van Olmen
Summary: This study aimed to measure the performance of the Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) as a screening tool for detecting undiagnosed diabetes among Kenyan adults. The modified and simplified FINDRISC tools performed well in detecting undiagnosed diabetes and may be useful in the Kenyan population and other similar settings. In resource-constrained settings like Kenya, the simplified FINDRISC is preferred.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ling-Wang An, Xiang-Lan Li, Lin-Hui Chen, Hong Tang, Qun Yuan, Yan-Jun Liu, Yu Ji, Ju-Ming Lu
Summary: This study investigated the association between diabetes treatment, self-management behaviors, and 2-year glycaemic trajectories in patients with non-newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results identified four longitudinal HbA(1c) trajectories and highlighted the importance of aggressive treatment changes, good adherence during follow-up, regular HbA(1c) monitoring, and reducing HbA(1c) levels for achieving long-term glycemic control.
PATIENT PREFERENCE AND ADHERENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Olivier G. Polle, Antoine Delfosse, Manon Martin, Jacques Louis, Inge Gies, Marieke den Brinker, Nicole Seret, Marie-Christine Lebrethon, Thierry Mouraux, Laurent Gatto, Philippe A. Lysy
Summary: This study evaluated whether indexes of glycemic variability could overcome residual beta-cell secretion estimates in the longitudinal evaluation of partial remission in pediatric patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes. The combination of CGM metrics and clinical parameters revealed key clinical milestones of glucose homeostasis and remission status during the first year of type 1 diabetes in the pediatric cohort.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nadia M. Chu, Karen Bandeen-Roche, Qian-Li Xue, Michelle C. Carlson, A. Richey Sharrett, Alden L. Gross
Summary: Frailty (PFP) and its criteria are associated with cognitive function in older adults, with frailty showing excess effects on cognitive performance beyond criteria contributions. Different criteria have varying effects on cognitive change.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Joe Camarillo, Alan Villarreal Rizzo, Jose Eduardo Cabrero Castro, Brian Downer
Summary: Cognitive functioning among Mexican older adults with diabetes aged >= 60 has improved over time, possibly due to improvements in education and diabetes management.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elisa Longinetti, Simon Englund, Joachim Burman, Katharina Fink, Anna Fogdell-Hahn, Martin Gunnarsson, Jan Hillert, Annette Magdalene Langer-Gould, Jan Lycke, Petra Nilsson, Jonatan Salzer, Anders Svenningsson, Johan Mellergard, Tomas Olsson, Fredrik Piehl, Thomas Frisell
Summary: This study analyzed a Swedish nationwide observational study on RRMS to identify trajectories of processing speed and physical disability after DMT start. The results showed that patients' processing speed remained stable over time, while those with moderate physical disability experienced deterioration in physical function. However, there was a strong association between processing speed and disability.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Shabina A. Hayat, Robert Luben, Kay-Tee Khaw, Carol Brayne
Summary: Studying the association between performance on cognitive tests and future dementia diagnosis revealed that deficits across multiple cognitive domains substantially increase the risk of future dementia. These findings may help strengthen future models of dementia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lena Mathews, Ning Ding, Yingying Sang, Laura R. Loehr, Jung-Im Shin, Naresh M. Punjabi, Alain G. Bertoni, Deidra C. Crews, Wayne D. Rosamond, Josef Coresh, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Kunihiro Matsushita, Patricia P. Chang
Summary: This study investigated the application of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure patients in a community setting. The study found that only about 10% of patients received optimal GDMT at discharge, with a higher proportion in Black patients compared to White patients. The use of ACEI/ARB declined in White patients, while the use of H-N increased in both racial groups.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alanna M. Chamberlain, Veronique L. Roger, Peter A. Noseworthy, Lin Y. Chen, Susan A. Weston, Ruoxiang Jiang, Alvaro Alonso
Summary: This study developed simple computable phenotypes for atrial fibrillation using electronic medical record data. However, using diagnostic codes to identify incident atrial fibrillation is prone to some misclassification. Further research is needed to determine if more complex phenotypes, including unstructured data sources or machine learning techniques, can improve the accuracy of identifying incident atrial fibrillation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kunihiro Matsushita, Stephen Kaptoge, Steven H. J. Hageman, Yingying Sang, Shoshana H. Ballew, Morgan E. Grams, Aditya Surapaneni, Luanluan Sun, Johan Arnlov, Milica Bozic, Hermann Brenner, Nigel J. Brunskill, Alex R. Chang, Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Massimo Cirillo, Adolfo Correa, Natalie Ebert, Kai Uwe Eckardt, Ron T. Gansevoort, Orlando Gutierrez, Farzad Hadaegh, Jiang He, Shih Jen Hwang, Tazeen H. Jafar, Simerjot K. Jassal, Takamasa Kayama, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Gijs W. Landman, Andrew S. Levey, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Rupert W. Major, Katsuyuki Miura, Paul Muntner, Girish N. Nadkarni, Christoph Nowak, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Michelle J. Pena, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, Toshimi Sairenchi, Elke Schaeffner, Markus P. Schneider, Varda Shalev, Michael G. Shlipak, Marit D. Solbu, Nikita Stempniewicz, James Tollitt, Jose M. Valdivielso, Joep van der Leeuw, Angela Yee Moon Wang, Chi Pang Wen, Mark Woodward, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Luxia Zhang, Jannick A. N. Dorresteijn, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Frank L. J. Visseren, Lisa Pennells, Josef Coresh
Summary: This study developed an "Add-on" method to incorporate chronic kidney disease (CKD) measures into cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction algorithms, which improved the predictive accuracy. This approach will assist clinicians and patients in more precise risk assessment and personalized preventive therapies for CKD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ankit Maheshwari, Faye L. Norby, Riccardo M. Inciardi, Wendy Wang, Michael J. Zhang, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Alvaro Alonso, Michelle C. Johansen, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Scott D. Solomon, Amil M. Shah, Lin Yee Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the association between left atrial function and size and ischemic stroke, and determined whether these measures could improve the accuracy of stroke prediction using CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score variables. The results showed that left atrial size and function were associated with ischemic stroke, and the cumulative incidence rates of severe left atrial enlargement were 2.99%, 3.18%, and 1.99% for left atrial reservoir, conduit, and contractile strain, respectively. Adding left atrial function measures to CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score variables improved stroke prediction accuracy.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Michelle L. Redmond, Nicole Nollen, Hayrettin Okut, Tracie C. Collins, Barbara Chaparro, Paigton Mayes, Kara Knapp, Amanda Perkins, Felicia Hill-Briggs
Summary: In the US, African Americans have a higher prevalence of diabetes compared to Caucasians. This is mainly due to poor lifestyle choices and lack of self-management skills. Problem-solving is seen as an effective approach to improve self-management. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the eDECIDE intervention in community populations and inform future larger-scale studies.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tuan D. Le, Jennifer M. Gurney, Karan P. Singh, Shawn C. Nessen, Andrea L. C. Schneider, Yll Agimi, Vikhyat S. Bebarta, Paco S. Herson, Katharine C. Stout, Sylvain Cardin, Alicia T. Crowder, Geoffrey S. F. Ling, Mark E. Stackle, Anthony E. Pusateri
Summary: This study aims to characterize the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in U.S. service members and investigate the potential impacts of changes in policy, care, equipment, and tactics. Analysis of data from the U.S. Department of Defense Trauma Registry showed that nearly one third of injured service members treated at Role 3 medical treatment facilities had TBI. The proportion of TBI increased over time, suggesting the need for additional preventive measures and clinical guidelines for mild TBI management.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jesus Diaz-Gutierrez, Miguel angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Alvaro Alonso, Estefania Toledo, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Jose Sorli, Emilio Ros, Montse Fito, Ramon Estruch, Fernando Aros, Miquel Fiol, Jose Lapetra, Enrique Gomez-Gracia, Lluis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pinto, Olga Portoles, Nancy Babio, Olga Castaner, Miguel Ruiz-Canela
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics proposed by the American Heart Association and the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF). The results showed that adherence to these metrics was not associated with AF incidence.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dulce Maria Calvo, Luis Carlos Saiz, Leire Leache, Maria Concepcion Celaya, Marta Gutierrez-Valencia, Alvaro Alonso, Juan Erviti, Natalia Alzueta, Amaya Echeverria, Javier Garjon, Carmen Fontela, Lorea Sanz, Maria Teresa Acin, Maria Loreto Fernandez, Nerea Gomez
Summary: This study found that the concomitant use of diuretics, RAAS inhibitors, and NSAIDs or metamizole increases the risk of hospitalization for acute kidney injury (AKI), particularly in elderly patients.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea L. C. Schneider, Carrie B. Peltz, Yixia Li, Amber Bahorik, Raquel C. Gardner, Kristine Yaffe
Summary: This study found that traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with long-term stroke risk, with differences observed in age, sex, race and ethnicity, and time since TBI diagnosis. The highest risk of stroke occurs in the first year after TBI diagnosis, but the risk remains elevated for more than 10 years. Both mild and moderate/severe/penetrating TBI increase the risk of stroke compared to individuals without TBI. Older individuals have a stronger association between TBI and stroke, while Black veterans have a weaker association compared to other races and ethnicities. These findings suggest that veterans with prior TBI should be targeted for primary stroke prevention measures.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Linzi Li, Pamela L. Lutsey, Lin Yee Chen, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Mary R. Rooney, Alvaro Alonso
Summary: Higher serum magnesium is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events, especially myocardial infarction, in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kelly L. Sloane, Scott E. Kasner, Christopher G. Favilla, Aaron Rothstein, Jens Witsch, Roy H. Hamilton, Andrea L. C. Schneider
Summary: This study investigates the roles of optimism and depression in stroke recovery and finds that patients who are optimistic and without depression have the best recovery, while patients who lack optimism and have depression have the slowest recovery.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wendy Wang, Lin Yee Chen, Rob F. Walker, Lisa S. Chow, Faye L. Norby, Alvaro Alonso, James S. Pankow, Pamela L. Lutsey
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and other second-line diabetes therapies with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and conduct head-to-head comparisons between SGLT2 inhibitors. Using data from the MarketScan databases, SGLT2 inhibitor users were matched with other second-line therapy users. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of CVD compared to other second-line therapies. No significant differences were found when comparing individual SGLT2 inhibitors.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aozhou Wu, A. Richey Sharrett, Aaron R. Folsom, Alvaro Alonso, Keenan A. Walker, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Alden L. Gross, Andreea M. Rawlings, Andrea Lauren Christman Schneider, Josef Coresh
Summary: This study found consistent associations between blood coagulation status in middle age and cognitive decline and dementia risk in late life, possibly due to vascular pathologies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Srishti Shrestha, Xiaoqian Zhu, Vidyulata Kamath, Kevin J. Sullivan, Jennifer A. Deal, A. Richey Sharrett, Andrea L. C. Schneider, Priya Palta, Rebecca F. Gottesman, B. Gwen Windham, Thomas H. Mosley, Michael E. Griswold, Honglei Chen, Antonios Dakanalis
Summary: Through analyzing 6053 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Neurocognitive Study, it is found that factors such as age, sex, education level, race, and APOE epsilon 4 are associated with olfactory status and decline. Older age, male sex, lower education, Black race, APOE epsilon 4, etc. increase the probability of olfactory errors and anosmia, while factors such as physical activity and hypertension benefit olfaction. Long-term follow-up studies are needed in the future.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel S. Shin, Vanessa M. Mazandi, Andrea L. C. Schneider, Sarah Morton, Jonathan P. Starr, M. Katie Weeks, Nicholas J. Widmann, David H. Jang, Shih-Han Kao, Michael K. Ahlijanian, Todd J. Kilbaugh
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to the production of tau protein. Targeting hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) could potentially provide new therapy for TBI. In a study involving pigs, treatment with PNT001, a monoclonal antibody for p-tau, showed significant improvement in white matter injury and neural injury biomarkers compared to placebo treatment.