Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen J. Hierons, Jordan S. Marsh, Dongmei Wu, Claudia A. Blindauer, Alan J. Stewart
Summary: The disruption of HSA-Zn2+ binding by NEFA is a potential mechanism contributing to the prothrombotic milieu in obesity and T2DM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia M. Najjar, Raziyeh Abdolahipour, Hilda E. Ghadieh, Marziyeh Salehi Jahromi, John A. Najjar, Basil A. M. Abuamreh, Sobia Zaidi, Sivarajan Kumarasamy, Harrison T. Muturi
Summary: Insulin stores lipid in adipocytes and prevents lipolysis and the release of NEFA. Excessive release of NEFA and increased abdominal adiposity trigger insulin resistance, leading to reduced insulin clearance in the liver. Conversely, reduced insulin clearance in the liver can cause chronic hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. This review discusses the impact of NEFA mobilization on the reciprocal relationship between insulin resistance and reduced hepatic insulin clearance, and its implications in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bertrand Cariou
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Adipocyte dysfunction plays a key role in the molecular link between NAFLD, visceral adipose tissue, and metabolic syndrome. Strategies targeting metabolic dysfunction, such as weight loss and specific medications, are effective in treating NAFLD and related conditions.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suresh K. Nagumalli, Rose A. Willett, Aline de Conti, Volodymyr P. Tryndyak, Mark I. Avigan, Goncalo Gamboa da Costa, Frederick A. Beland, Ivan Rusyn, Igor P. Pogribny
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes. Recent studies have shown that changes in lipid composition, particularly in PUFA/MUFA ratios, play a crucial role in the development and severity of NAFLD. This research analyzed the fatty acid composition in various mouse models and demonstrated that alterations in PUFA/MUFA ratios can serve as a diagnostic marker for NAFLD severity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jing Li, Heng Zhang, Yongqiang Dong, Xian Wang, Guang Wang
Summary: Homocysteine (Hcy) activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue, leading to the development of insulin resistance. Diets high in omega-3 fatty acids can alter serum and adipose lipid profiles, potentially reducing adipose tissue inflammation and alleviating insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guo-Chong Chen, Rhonda Arthur, Li-Qiang Qin, Li-Hua Chen, Zhendong Mei, Yan Zheng, Yang Li, Tao Wang, Thomas E. Rohan, Qibin Qi
Summary: The study found that consumption of oily fish, but not nonoily fish, was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in 392,287 middle-aged and older participants. Additionally, the use of fish oil supplements was also linked to a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, especially with consistent use over time.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mads Israelsen, Helene Baek Juel, Sonke Detlefsen, Bjorn Staehr Madsen, Ditlev Nytoft Rasmussen, Trine R. Larsen, Maria Kjaergaard, Mary Jo Fernandes Jensen, Stefan Stender, Torben Hansen, Aleksander Krag, Maja Thiele
Summary: This study found that insulin resistance is the strongest predictor of the severity of alcohol-related liver disease. Genetic susceptibility further aggravates this risk.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ion Cristian Efrem, Maria Mota, Ionela Mihaela Vladu, Adina Mitrea, Diana Clenciu, Diana Cristina Protasiewicz Timofticiuc, Ileana-Diana Diaconu, Adina Turcu, Anda Elena Crisan, Cristiana Geormaneanu, Adina Dorina Glodeanu, Beatrice Mahler, Marinela Sinziana Tudor, Anca Maria Amzolini, Simona Elena Micu, Anca Barau Abu Alhija, Adrian Mita, Maria Monalisa Filip, Maria Fortofoiu
Summary: This study evaluated the role of different biomarkers in predicting MAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Elevated triglycerides levels, high non-HDL/HDL ratio, high atherogenic index of plasma, and increased HOMA-IR were found to have predictive value for MAFLD in these patients. This is the first study to assess the predictive value of the non-HDL/HDL ratio for MAFLD in patients with T2DM.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
I. Dewa Nyoman Wibawa, I. Ketut Mariadi, Gde Somayana, Cokorda Istri Yuliandari Krisnawardani Kumbara, Dwijo Anargha Sindhughosa
Summary: Fatty liver disease, closely related to type 2 diabetes and obesity, is characterized by hepatic steatosis. Insulin resistance is suggested as the major mechanism that links the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent studies have shown an association between NAFLD and impaired glucagon-like peptide-1, indicating the importance of improving the incretin effect in managing fatty liver disease.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Serena Scapaticci, Ebe D'Adamo, Angelika Mohn, Francesco Chiarelli, Cosimo Giannini
Summary: NAFLD is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents worldwide, with a significant increase in affected young people in recent decades, mainly due to childhood obesity. Insulin resistance and abnormal glucose tolerance are key features of NAFLD, which is also closely associated with Metabolic Syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marcin Kosmalski, Sylwia Ziolkowska, Piotr Czarny, Janusz Szemraj, Tadeusz Pietras
Summary: NAFLD and T2DM are closely related, with common risk factors and pathogenesis. Understanding the coexistence of NAFLD and T2DM can help prevent the occurrence of other diseases and improve quality of life.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacqueline Bayliss, Geraldine J. Ooi, William De Nardo, Yazmin Johari Halim Shah, Magdalene K. Montgomery, Catriona McLean, William Kemp, Stuart K. Roberts, Wendy A. Brown, Paul R. Burton, Matthew J. Watt
Summary: The study found that plasma EDA is increased in NAFL and NASH, is related to worsening steatosis and fibrosis, but is not a reliable biomarker for NASH. Additionally, circulating EDA is not associated with insulin resistance in human obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun-Wei Wang, Chun-Hua Jin, Jiang-Feng Ke, Yi-Lin Ma, Yu-Jie Wang, Jun-Xi Lu, Mei-Fang Li, Lian-Xi Li
Summary: This study found a positive correlation between serum iron levels and the presence of MAFLD in T2DM patients, possibly due to the close association between serum iron and insulin resistance. Serum iron levels may serve as an indicator for assessing the risk of MAFLD in individuals with T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guoying Wang, Jessie P. Buckley, Tami R. Bartell, Xiumei Hong, Colleen Pearson, Xiaobin Wang
Summary: The study aimed to identify a lipidomic signature associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the postpartum period and investigate its role in the progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cohort of 1,409 women who delivered a singleton baby was followed up prospectively, and their lipidome was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 33 postpartum lipid species were identified to be associated with GDM, and 4 of them were also associated with incident T2D, mediating the progression from GDM to T2D. Including these lipid species improved the prediction of T2D when considering the entire follow-up period.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Haifeng Yu, Ling Zhao, Lijuan Liu, Yanfang Li, Jing Sun, Youde Liu
Summary: The study found a positive correlation between serum uric acid levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Elevated uric acid levels were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of NAFLD and were identified as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of NAFLD in T2DM patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juha W. Koskenvuo, Inka Saarinen, Saija Ahonen, Johanna Tommiska, Sini Weckstrom, Eija H. Seppala, Sari Tuupanen, Tiia Kangas-Kontio, Jennifer Schleit, Krista Helio, Julie Hathaway, Anders Gummesson, Pia Dahlberg, Tiina H. Ojala, Ville Vepsalainen, Ville Kytola, Mikko Muona, Johanna Sistonen, Pertteli Salmenpera, Massimiliano Gentile, Jussi Paananen, Samuel Myllykangas, Tero-Pekka Alastalo, Tiina Helio
Summary: This study found that biallelic or potentially biallelic NRAP variants were enriched in DCM patients compared to controls, suggesting that loss-of-function in NRAP is a cause for autosomal recessive dilated cardiomyopathy.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Suvi Jarvinen, Leila Karhunen, Tiina Fohr, Tero Myllymaki, Essi Sairanen, Sanni Lindroos, Katri Peuhkuri, Maarit Hallikainen, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Sampsa Puttonen, Riitta Korpela, Miikka Ermes, Raimo Lappalainen, Urho M. Kujala, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Jaana Laitinen
Summary: The study found that better nocturnal recovery was associated with better diet quality, lower alcohol consumption, and possibly less intuitive eating.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Topi Meuronen, Maria A. Lankinen, Olli Karkkainen, Markku Laakso, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Kati Hanhineva, Ursula Schwab
Summary: The FADS1 genotype and high-LA diet can modify plasma phospholipid composition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Halali, A. Lapvetelainen, K. Aittola, R. Mannikko, T. Tilles-Tirkkonen, E. Jarvela-Reijonen, P. Absetz, M. Kolehmainen, U. Schwab, J. Lindstrom, T. A. Lakka, J. Pihlajamaki, L. Karhunen
Summary: Frequent weight loss attempts may have an unfavorable impact on T2D risk factors and lifestyle intervention outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the effects of weight loss frequency on T2D risk factors and how to design lifestyle interventions for individuals with frequent previous weight loss attempts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Correction
Surgery
Pirjo Kakela, Ville Mannisto, Maija Vaittinen, Sari Venesmaa, Vesa Karja, Kirsi Virtanen, Hannu Paajanen, Jussi Pihlajamaki
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maliheh Nekouei Marvi Langari, Jaana Lindstrom, Pilvikki Absetz, Tiina Laatikainen, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen, Hannele Turunen
Summary: This qualitative study explored the perspectives of Asian and Russian immigrants in Finland on healthy lifestyle and counseling. The study found that immigrants have limited knowledge on healthy lifestyle dimensions and that culture and community have an impact on healthy living. Additionally, the study identified shortcomings in health care for providing healthy lifestyle counseling and highlighted the influential individual factors for using counseling. Overall, the study emphasized the importance of developing a culturally tailored healthy lifestyle counseling program for immigrants to prevent chronic diseases.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Max Tamlander, Nina Mars, Matti Pirinen, Elisabeth Widen, Samuli Ripatti
Summary: Max Tamlander et al. develop a method for preliminary cardiometabolic risk assessment by combining polygenic risk scores and clinical assessments. Their research demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating genomic data with questionnaire-based risk factors in predicting coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Panu K. Luukkonen, Sami Qadri, Noora Ahlholm, Kimmo Porthan, Ville Mannisto, Henna Sammalkorpi, Anne K. Penttila, Antti Hakkarainen, Tiina E. Lehtimaki, Melania Gaggini, Amalia Gastaldelli, Mika Ala-Korpela, Marju Orho-Melander, Johanna Arola, Anne Juuti, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Leanne Hodson, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen
Summary: This study demonstrated that the mechanisms underlying the metabolic and genetic components of NAFLD are fundamentally different. The metabolic component is characterized by hepatic oversupply of substrates, while the genetic component is characterized by impaired hepatic mitochondrial function.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Guido A. Baselli, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Serena Pelusi, Ester Ciociola, Francesco Malvestiti, Marco Saracino, Luigi Santoro, Alessandro Cherubini, Paola Dongiovanni, Marco Maggioni, Cristiana Bianco, Federica Tavaglione, Annalisa Cespiati, Rosellina M. Mancina, Roberta D'Ambrosio, Valentina Vaira, Salvatore Petta, Luca Miele, Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci, Alessandro Federico, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Anna L. Fracanzani, Helen L. Reeves, Giorgio Soardo, Daniele Prati, Stefano Romeo, Luca VC. Valenti
Summary: This study investigated the impact of rare variants on severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and found that loss-of-function variants in the ATG7 gene promote the progression of NAFLD.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Piia Lavikainen, Elina Mattila, Pilvikki Absetz, Marja Harjumaa, Jaana Lindstrom, Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Kirsikka Aittola, Reija Mannikko, Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen, Niina Lintu, Timo Lakka, Mark van Gils, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Janne Martikainen
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal usage patterns of the BitHabit app and its association with changes in T2D risk factors. The study identified different user engagement trajectories and found individual predictors for belonging to these trajectories.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eeva Rantala, Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Kati Pettersson, Janne Laine, Paula Vartiainen, Johanna Narvainen, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Kaisa Poutanen, Pilvikki Absetz, Leila Karhunen
Summary: By promoting nutritionally favorable foods in a workplace cafeteria using priming posters, point-of-choice nutrition labels, and improved product placement, this study aimed to assess their effects on visual attention, food choices, and food consumption. The results showed that the intervention had insignificant effects on visual attention to foods, on food choices, and on food consumption.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ratika Sehgal, Vanessa D. de Mello, Ville Mannisto, Jaana Lindstrom, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Matti Uusitupa
Summary: The relationship between gut microbiota, diet, and the human body is complex, with tryptophan derivative indolepropionic acid (IPA) playing a crucial role in metabolic and immune functions and in the onset and development of metabolic disorders such as T2D and NAFLD. IPA levels are heavily influenced by diet, particularly dietary fiber, and show significant variations among individuals, which may be partially explained by genetic variants associated with specific diseases like T2D.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rosaria M. Pipitone, Francesco Malvestiti, Grazia Pennisi, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Paola Dongiovanni, Giorgio Bertolazzi, Jussi Pihlajamaeki, Hannele Yki-Jaervinen, Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci, Federica Tavaglione, Samantha Maurotti, Cristiana Bianco, Gabriele Di Maria, Marco Enea, Anna L. Fracanzani, Vesa Kaerjae, Giulia Lupo, Ville Maennistoe, Marica Meroni, Roberto Piciotti, Sami Qadri, Rossella Zito, Antonio Craxi, Vito Di Marco, Calogero Camma, Claudio Tripodo, Luca Valenti, Stefano Romeo, Salvatore Petta, Stefania Grimaudo
Summary: The study found that the variation in the PDCD1 gene is associated with liver inflammation and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The rs13023138 G>C variation was found to be associated with severe steatosis, NASH, and advanced fibrosis in individuals who underwent liver biopsy.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zong Miao, Kristina M. Garske, David Z. Pan, Amogha Koka, Dorota Kaminska, Ville Mannisto, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Paivi Pajukanta
Summary: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is rapidly increasing worldwide. Researchers utilized the large UK Biobank (UKB) dataset to accurately estimate NAFLD status based on common serum traits and anthropometric measures. This allowed them to identify 90 previously unknown NAFLD genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci, build a polygenic risk score (PRS) model for NAFLD, and discover a significant causal effect of NAFLD on coronary artery disease (CAD).
HUMAN GENETICS AND GENOMICS ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rosellina M. Mancina, Kavitha Sasidharan, Anna Lindblom, Ying Wei, Ester Ciociola, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Piero Pingitore, Anne-Christine Andreasson, Giovanni Pellegrini, Guido Baselli, Ville Mannisto, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Vesa Karja, Stefania Grimaudo, Ilaria Marini, Marco Maggioni, Barbara Becattini, Federica Tavaglione, Carly Dix, Marie Castaldo, Stephanie Klein, Mark Perelis, Francois Pattou, Dorothee Thuillier, Violeta Raverdy, Paola Dongiovanni, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Felix Stickel, Jochen Hampe, Stephan Buch, Panu K. Luukkonen, Daniele Prati, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen, Salvatore Petta, Chao Xing, Clemens Schafmayer, Elmar Aigner, Christian Datz, Richard G. Lee, Luca Valenti, Daniel Linden, Stefano Romeo
Summary: This study identifies a genetic variant that reduces susceptibility to FLD and demonstrates that targeting this gene can protect against FLD.