Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Damian Gajecki, Jakub Gawrys, Jerzy Wisniewski, Paulina Fortuna, Ewa Szahidewicz-Krupska, Adrian Doroszko
Summary: The study reveals significant differences in the nitric oxide metabolic pathway in patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly in the plasma compartment. Erythrocytes serve as a buffer with higher nitric oxide bioavailability, less affected by diabetes-related deviations. Individuals with type 2 diabetes show endothelial dysfunction.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan P. Frias, Laura Fernandez Lando, Katelyn Brown
Summary: In the SURPASS-2 trial, treatment with Tirzepatide showed better glycemic control and greater weight loss compared to Semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, there were no significant differences in mean systolic blood pressure among the enrolled patients in different treatment groups.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Saverio Tremamunno, Antonio De Vita, Angelo Villano, Veronica Melita, Gessica Ingrasciotta, Eleonora Ruscio, Monica Filice, Antonio Bisignani, Salvatore Emanuele Ravenna, Linda Tartaglione, Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo, Mauro Di Leo, Tamara Felici, Dario Pitocco, Gaetano Antonio Lanza
Summary: This study found that in type 2 diabetes patients, diastolic dysfunction is associated with impairment of endothelium-independent dilatation, but not with endothelium-dependent dilatation; cardiac autonomic dysfunction may be present in patients with more severe diastolic dysfunction. Therefore, further investigation is needed to explore the role of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in diastolic dysfunction in larger populations.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Radoslaw Wieczor, Anna M. Wieczor, Arleta Kulwas, Danuta Rosc
Summary: The study found significantly elevated concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine in both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes patients, indicating endothelial damage at early stages. Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes patients have a higher proangiogenic potential compared to healthy subjects, not only due to increased VEGF-A levels, but also reduced inhibition of circulating receptors.
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzong-Shyuan Lee, Tse-Min Lu, Chia-Hui Chen, Bei-Chia Guo, Chiao-Po Hsu
Summary: Hyperuricemia disrupts the balance of the ADMA/DDAH-2 axis, leading to endothelial dysfunction and accelerating atherosclerosis progression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel L. Washburn, Karl Mueller, Gurvinder Kaur, Tanir Moreno, Naima Moustaid-Moussa, Latha Ramalingam, Jannette M. Dufour
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease affecting one-third of the United States population, characterized by hyperglycemia. For patients with Type 1 diabetes, C-peptide may have potential therapeutic effects on various complications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Oliveira, Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo, Rita Henriques, Carlos Fontes Ribeiro, Raquel Seica, Teresa Cruz, Celia Cabral, Rosa Fernandes, Fatima Piedade, Maria Paula Robalo, Paulo Matafome, Sonia Silva
Summary: A new curcuminoid was synthesized to enhance anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, as well as achieve hypoglycemic and vascular protective effects in type 2 diabetic rats at lower doses compared to curcumin. Both compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory effects, with the curcuminoid exhibiting a marked hypoglycemic effect and improved vascular function in the study.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Shuai Huang, Gen Chen, Jia Sun, Yunjie Chen, Nan Wang, Yetong Dong, Enzhao Shen, Zhicheng Hu, Wenjie Gong, Litai Jin, Weitao Cong
Summary: The study reveals that inhibiting histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) can reduce vascular endothelial inflammation and oxidative stress by regulating nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thus improving endothelial function. Silencing HDAC3 decreases ROS production and inflammation in HUVECs treated under high glucose-palmitic acid conditions through the Keap1-Nrf2-Nox4 signaling pathway.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatsuya Maruhashi, Yukihito Higashi
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction is crucial in the progression of atherosclerosis and is significantly associated with diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. Selecting appropriate therapeutic interventions that improve endothelial function is important for preventing diabetic vascular complications. Various hypoglycemic drugs and agents like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors may improve endothelial function through multiple mechanisms independent of glucose control or insulin signaling.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla, Bongani B. Nkambule
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effect of statins on endothelial function in adults with type 2 diabetes and explore whether these biomarkers are ideal therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Article
Immunology
Hui Wang, Kangli Cao, Siyu Liu, Yuanhong Xu, Ling Tang
Summary: The study found that the frequency and absolute number of NK cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly lower than in healthy individuals. The expression of surface receptors and cytokine production in NK cells were affected in patients, and correlated with high blood glucose levels.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea N. Golden, Rebecca A. Simmons
Summary: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common complication of pregnancy that increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) later in life for the offspring. The development and balance of the fetal immune system, the role of pancreatic-resident macrophages, and cytokines derived from beta-cells and macrophages play key roles in islet development and function. Therapeutic immunomodulation may be beneficial for treating T2DM, particularly in cases induced by IUGR.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Arpita Arora, Tapan Behl, Aayush Sehgal, Sukhbir Singh, Neelam Sharma, Saurabh Bhatia, Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez, Simona Bungau
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar, high blood lipids, and insulin resistance, with genetic mutations, obesity, lack of physical activity, and imbalances in gut microbiota being possible contributing factors. The balance of gut microbiota is crucial for maintaining human health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ding Yao, Yang GangYi, Wu QiNan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining the function of islet beta cells and inhibiting insulin resistance and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. However, dysfunction of autophagy may also have negative effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Meiyao Wang, Yan Li, Renwei Zhang, Shuaimei Zhang, Hongliang Feng, Zhaohong Kong, Nadire Aiziretiaili, Zhengjin Luo, Qi Cai, Yan Hong, Yumin Liu
Summary: The study found that LV-APN-EPCs had a protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in T2DM rats by increasing angiogenesis, leading to lower neurological deficits, infarct rate, and morphological damage compared to other intervention groups.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
