Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lyudmila V. Nedosugova, Yuliya V. Markina, Leyla A. Bochkareva, Irina A. Kuzina, Nina A. Petunina, Irina Y. Yudina, Tatiana V. Kirichenko
Summary: The association between type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications is complex, primarily due to the oxidative stress and inflammation caused by hyperglycemia. Understanding the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular diseases can aid in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yanling Shu, Xiaocong Wu, Jiating Wang, Xiang Ma, Huawen Li, Yun Xiang
Summary: This study indicated a positive association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in American adults. A more pro-inflammatory diet was related to increased odds of prediabetes and insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Jun-Hyuk Lee, Soyoung Jeon, Boyoung Joung, Hye Sun Lee, Yu-Jin Kwon
Summary: This study found that an increasing HOMA-IR is associated with higher incidence and mortality rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Compared to individuals with stable HOMA-IR, those with increasing HOMA-IR have a higher risk of CVD, all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular event mortality.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anja Fuchs, Dmitri Samovski, Gordon I. Smith, Vincenza Cifarelli, Sarah S. Farabi, Jun Yoshino, Terri Pietka, Shin-Wen Chang, Sarbani Ghosh, Terence M. Myckatyn, Samuel Klein
Summary: Insulin resistance in people with obesity and NAFLD is associated with SAAT inflammation and both plasma and SAAT-derived exosomes, which may impact insulin sensitivity in these patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guanhong Miao, Ying Zhang, Zhiguang Huo, Wenjie Zeng, Jianhui Zhu, Jason G. Umans, Gert Wohlgemuth, Diego Pedrosa, Brian DeFelice, Shelley A. Cole, Amanda M. Fretts, Elisa T. Lee, Barbara V. Howard, Oliver Fiehn, Jinying Zhao
Summary: The study found that alterations in plasma molecular lipids are closely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in American Indians, with various lipid species showing significant impact on T2D risk both at baseline and over time. Aberrant lipid profiles were observed in prediabetes, and longitudinal changes in lipidome were significantly linked to changes in continuous measures of T2D. The findings suggest that lipid dysregulation occurs many years before the onset of T2D and may provide new therapeutic targets for early intervention tailored to American Indians.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haiou Xia, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Chunxiang Zhu
Summary: The study found that TNF-α is positively correlated with prenatal fatigue and can serve as an independent biomarker for prenatal fatigue. Lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines may be an effective method to reduce prenatal fatigue and enhance maternal and child health.
Article
Oncology
Boyoung Park, Soyeoun Kim, Hayoung Kim, Chihwan Cha, Min Sung Chung
Summary: Obesity and MetS were independently associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, despite the relationship between MetS and breast cancer appearing to result from a partial association with BMI. Postmenopausal women should be encouraged to control their weight and metabolic health.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karen L. Lindsay, Lauren E. Gyllenhammer, Sonja Entringer, Pathik D. Wadhwa
Summary: Objective: The study aimed to determine the association between rate of gestational weight gain (rGWG) and glucose-insulin metabolism in Hispanic pregnant women with overweight and obesity. The findings revealed that rGWG was inversely associated with beta-cell function in a high-risk population of Hispanic pregnant women with overweight and obesity, potentially contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiude Li, Meiling Li, Linsheng Xu, Xueke Zeng, Tengfei Zhang, Hu Yang, Haowei Li, Zhihao Zhou, Yu Wang, Chenghao Zhang, Yu Zhu, Yong Huang, Zhuang Zhang, Wanshui Yang
Summary: This study found that there may be an association between low-carbohydrate diets and low-fat diets with hepatic steatosis, which may depend on the quality and food sources of the macronutrients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xi Luo, Wang-Yu Cai, Hong-Li Ma, Jing Cong, Hui Chang, Jing-Shu Gao, Wen-Juan Shen, Yu Wang, Xin-Ming Yang, Xiao-Ke Wu
Summary: The study found that there is a negative association between serum magnesium and insulin resistance index and testosterone level in women with PCOS. Lower levels of serum magnesium are correlated with worsened insulin resistance and higher testosterone levels.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katarzyna Pastusiak, Eliza Matuszewska, Dagmara Pietkiewicz, Jan Matysiak, Pawel Bogdanski
Summary: This study identified six proteins that differentiate normal-weight individuals with insulin resistance from insulin-sensitive individuals, potentially related to inflammation. Further investigation is needed to confirm their correlation with IR.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julian Zayas-Arrabal, Amaia Alquiza, Erkan Tuncay, Belma Turan, Monica Gallego, Oscar Casis
Summary: This study utilized a metabolic model of T2D and found that T2D animals exhibited symptoms of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, along with bradycardia and prolonged QTc interval. The results indicate that elevated levels of circulating TNFa and IL-1b are responsible for impaired ventricular repolarization and increased susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmia in T2D.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Daeeun Kim, Anne E. Justice, Geetha Chittoor, Estela Blanco, Raquel Burrows, Mariaelisa Graff, Annie Green Howard, Yujie Wang, Rebecca Rohde, Victoria L. Buchanan, V. Saroja Voruganti, Marcio Almeida, Juan Peralta, Donna M. Lehman, Joanne E. Curran, Anthony G. Comuzzie, Ravindranath Duggirala, John Blangero, Cecilia Albala, Jose L. Santos, Barbara Angel, Betsy Lozoff, Sheila Gahagan, Kari E. North
Summary: This study examined the genetic determinants of metabolic hormones and their impact on adiposity and insulin biology in Hispanic/Latino adolescents. Fasting blood insulin and insulin resistance were associated with polygenic risk scores for adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin, with some degree of mediation by the biomarker levels. Body fat percent was also associated with polygenic risk scores for adiponectin and leptin, providing insight into early metabolic dysfunction and potential prevention efforts.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luke C. McIlvenna, Rhiannon K. Patten, Andrew J. McAinch, Raymond J. Rodgers, Nigel K. Stepto, Alba Moreno-Asso
Summary: The study indicates that short-term treatment with TGF beta 1 does not significantly affect skeletal muscle insulin resistance in women with PCOS, but does not rule out the possibility of indirect or long-term effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Damoon Ashtary-Larky, Sara Niknam, Meysam Alipour, Reza Bagheri, Omid Asbaghi, Mehrnaz Mohammadian, Salvador J. Jaime, Julien S. Baker, Alexei Wong, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Reza Afrisham
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the cardiometabolic abnormalities in women with normal-weight obesity (NWO) in comparison with lean, overweight, and obese women. Significant differences were observed in HDL concentrations between NWO, lean, and obese participants. Individuals with NWO had a significantly higher incidence of cardiometabolic abnormalities when compared to lean participants.