Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosanna Capparelli, Domenico Iannelli
Summary: Epigenetic marks the genome through DNA methylation, histone modification, or non-coding RNAs, guiding cells to respond to environmental cues and maintain stable gene expression. Studies have revealed associations between DNA methylation and conditions such as body mass index, obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes, highlighting the potential therapeutic value of epigenetic research.
Review
Oncology
Tiffany Scully, Abora Ettela, Derek LeRoith, Emily Jane Gallagher
Summary: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are both linked to increased cancer risk, with metabolic abnormalities playing a key role in the relationship and progression of cancer. Multiple mechanisms, including insulin signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as changes in adipose tissue, are proposed to be involved in the association between obesity, diabetes, and cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ehtasham Ahmad, Soo Lim, Roberta Lamptey, David R. Webb, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90% of global diabetes cases, with an increasing number of affected individuals, particularly among young people. Early detection and proactive management are crucial for preventing complications and reducing mortality. Technology and precision medicine offer potential improvements to treatment outcomes but face significant barriers.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kimberly P. Newton, Laura A. Wilson, Nancy A. Crimmins, Mark H. Fishbein, Jean P. Molleston, Stavra A. Xanthakos, Cynthia Behling, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and identify associated risk factors. The results showed a high incidence rate of T2D in children with NAFLD, and being female, having a higher BMI z-score, and more severe liver histology were independent risk factors for T2D development.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuel Fryk, Vagner R. R. Silva, Per-Anders Jansson
Summary: Galectin-1 plays a crucial role in obesity and insulin resistance, and may be associated with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shylaja Srinivasan, Ling Chen, Jennifer Todd, Jasmin Divers, Samuel Gidding, Steven Chernausek, Rose A. Gubitosi-Klug, Megan M. Kelsey, Rachana Shah, Mary Helen Black, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Alisa Manning, Jason Flannick, Giuseppina Imperatore, Josep M. Mercader, Dana Dabelea, Jose C. Florez
Summary: In this study, a multiethnic collaboration named ProDiGY identified genetic variants predisposing to youth-onset type 2 diabetes, including seven genome-wide significant loci such as the novel locus rs10992863 in PHF2. Secondary analysis revealed an additional locus in CPEB2, providing insights into the genetic underpinnings of youth-onset type 2 diabetes.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma K. Rautenberg, Yassin Hamzaoui, Dawn K. Coletta
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity present major challenges in public health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms contributing to these metabolic disorders, particularly insulin resistance, is crucial. Impaired mitochondria structure and function are common features in insulin-resistant individuals with T2D or obesity, potentially due to epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes. Investigating mitochondrial abnormalities is important for gaining insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicola Marrano, Giuseppina Biondi, Anna Borrelli, Martina Rella, Tommaso Zambetta, Ludovico Di Gioia, Mariangela Caporusso, Giancarlo Logroscino, Sebastio Perrini, Francesco Giorgino, Annalisa Natalicchio
Summary: Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease are major health issues with a close relationship. Lipotoxicity may be the missing link connecting the pathogenesis of these two diseases. Obesity, the main cause of lipotoxicity, is a major risk factor for both conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the common molecular pathways activated by lipotoxicity in type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting potential new therapeutic perspectives.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christina Horsager, Jens Meldgaard Bruun, Emil Faerk, Soren Hagstrom, Marlene Briciet Lauritsen, Soren Dinesen Ostergaard
Summary: This study found a strong association between food addiction and type 2 diabetes in both the general population and individuals with mental disorders. The results suggest that food addiction could be a promising target for preventing type 2 diabetes.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiago Morais, Alexandre L. Seabra, Barbara G. Patricio, Marta Guimaraes, Mario Nora, Pedro F. Oliveira, Marco G. Alves, Mariana P. Monteiro
Summary: The study revealed that there are differences in VAT metabolic fingerprint between obesity and different glycemic statuses, characterized by higher isoleucine consumption, lower acetate production, and lower pyruvate and pyroglutamate consumption in pre-diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Rey-Renones, Jose Miguel Baena-Diez, Isabel Aguilar-Palacio, Cristina Miquel, Maria Grau
Summary: Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for developing and dying from cancer, possibly due to metabolic abnormalities such as obesity. Understanding this link can aid in designing personalized preventive strategies.
Article
Physiology
Bhargav R. Karamched, George Hripcsak, Rudolph L. Leibel, David Albers, William Ott
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of delay-induced uncertainty (DIU) on the glucose-insulin system and health. The study finds that specific physiological parameter configurations can lead to the onset of DIU and suggests that DIU is linked to the pathogenesis of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriele Piuri, Monica Zocchi, Matteo Della Porta, Valentina Ficara, Michele Manoni, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Luciano Pinotti, Jeanette A. Maier, Roberta Cazzola
Summary: Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is often underestimated in Western countries, especially in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Proper intake of Mg2+ can help improve metabolic syndrome by regulating gene expression, proteomic profile, and impacting intestinal microbiota and vitamin metabolism.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vishal A. Salunkhe, Neha Sinha, Emma Ahlqvist, Rashmi B. Prasad, Svetlana Johansson, Birgitta Abrahamsson, Anders H. Rosengren
Summary: We developed a new digital method to promote behavioral change and conducted an empirical study on patients with type-2 diabetes in Sweden. The results showed that patients who received the intervention had significantly improved HbA1c during a medium to long-term follow-up, accompanied by improvements in other physical indicators. The study also found differences in treatment effects for patients with different BMI and insulin resistance levels, as well as for carriers of the FTO gene.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xiaoyan Feng, Junyi Wang, Shupei Wang, Zhihao Wang, Shan Wu, Yuan Wei, Lvrong Li, Tianran Shen, Qingsong Chen
Summary: In recent years, the incidence of obesity among people aged 60 and above has significantly increased, and abdominal obesity has been identified as an independent risk factor for diabetes. However, the relationship between abdominal obesity indicators and diabetes in this age group remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to study the correlation between anthropometric indices and diabetes and explore potential predictors.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milton Fabian Suarez-Ortegon, Alejandra Arbelaez, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Jose Guillermo Ortega-Avila, Mildrey Mosquera, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Excessive body iron levels are associated with insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk, and oxidative stress may play a role in this relationship. This study investigated the association between soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels, antioxidant status, and cardiometabolic risk markers. The results showed that sTfR levels were positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in both men and women. In men, sTfR levels were inversely associated with waist circumference and fasting glucose, and positively associated with LDL cholesterol. The findings suggest that sTfR levels are associated with antioxidant status and specific cardiometabolic risk variables, independent of other factors such as serum ferritin and hepcidin.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miguel Lopez, Manuel Fernandez-Real, Stanislav I. Tomarev
Summary: Classically, the regulation of energy balance has been based on central and peripheral mechanisms sensing energy, nutrients, metabolites, and hormonal cues. Recent data have added more complexity to the homeostatic regulation of metabolism by introducing the key role of olfaction in energy homeostasis. Olfactory inputs contribute to the regulation of feeding, energy expenditure, and whole body metabolism.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Hinojosa-Moscoso, Anna Motger-Alberti, Elena De la Calle-Vargas, Marian Marti-Navas, Carles Biarnes, Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez, Gerard Blasco, Josep Puig, Diego Luque-Cordoba, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Excess iron is associated with dysfunction in adipose tissue and insulin resistance. In this study, it was found that markers of iron status were linked to changes in abdominal adipose tissue over one year. These associations were mainly observed in women and non-obese subjects, and were independent of insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez, Yenny Leal, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Vicente Perez-Brocal, Andres Moya, Wifredo Ricart, Merce Fernandez-Balsells, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Sleep disruption is associated with worse glucose metabolic control and altered gut microbiota. This study found an association between rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration and glucose levels as well as gut microbiota composition. Sleep deprivation can lead to poor glucose control and microbiota imbalance, negatively impacting metabolic health.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luca Valenti, Elena Corradini, Leon A. Adams, Elmar Aigner, Saleh Alqahtani, Marco Arrese, Edouard Bardou-Jacquet, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Jose-Manuel Fernandez-Real, Domenico Girelli, Hannes Hagstrom, Benjamin Henninger, Kris Kowdley, Guido Ligabue, Donald McClain, Fabrice Laine, Koji Miyanishi, Martina U. Muckenthaler, Alessia Pagani, Patrizia Pedrotti, Antonello Pietrangelo, Daniele Prati, John D. Ryan, Laura Silvestri, C. Wendy Spearman, Per Stal, Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis, Francesca Vinchi, Ming-Hua Zheng, Heinz Zoller
Summary: Hyperferritinaemia is often associated with metabolic dysfunction and fatty liver and is linked to an increased risk of cardiometabolic and liver diseases. The main determinants of ferritin levels in individuals with metabolic dysfunction are genetic variants that affect iron metabolism. However, there is currently a lack of validated criteria for the diagnosis and staging of metabolic hyperferritinaemia, and the benefits of iron depletion therapy remain unclear. In this article, the authors provide an overview of the relationship between hyperferritinaemia and iron accumulation in individuals with metabolic dysfunction and propose updated definitions and staging systems, highlighting research gaps and suggesting future study designs and outcome measures.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lidia Sojo, Elena Santos-Gonzalez, Lidia Riera, Alex Aguilera, Rebeca Barahona, Paula Pellicer, Maria Buxo, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Merce Fernandez-Balsells, Jose-Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: In this study, we investigated the plasma lipidomics profiles of patients with T1DM and explored potential associations. We found significant associations between certain lipid species and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as differences according to overweight status. Our findings suggest that personalized approaches targeting specific lipid molecules may be useful in preventing cardiovascular disease in T1DM patients.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marisel Rosell-Diaz, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: The decline in cognitive function and the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders are serious threats to health in old age, with dementia affecting 50 million people worldwide. Type 2 diabetes is linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Studies have shown that metformin, a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes, may partially restore gut dysbiosis related to diabetes and potentially improve cognitive function.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiuwen Sun, Alberic Germain, Gracia Kaglan, Florence Servant, Benjamin Lelouvier, Massimo Federici, Jose Manuel Fernandez Real, Daniela Tatiana Sala, Radu Mircea Neagoe, Anne Bouloumie, Remy Burcelin
Summary: This study found that specific bacterial families in the visceral adipose tissue of obese patients can trigger inflammation and adipose depot development. There are significant differences in the bacterial composition between obese patients and non-obese individuals. These findings generate new hypotheses regarding the relationship between obesity and gut tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Paula M. Lorenzo, Lourdes Garrido-Sanchez, Sara Becerril, Oriol Rangel, Jessica Latorre, Elena de la Calle Vargas, Maria Pardo, Victor Valenti, Juan L. Romero-Cabrera, Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera, Camilo Silva, Carlos Dieguez, Francesc Villarroya, Miguel Lopez, Ana B. Crujeiras, Luisa-Maria Seoane, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Gema Fruhbeck, Francisco Jose Tinahones, Jose-Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: This study investigated how outside temperature affects adipose tissue physiology and metabolic traits. The expression of genes associated with browning and adipogenesis in the subcutaneous adipose tissue were found to be negatively associated with temperature. These findings could have implications for the relationship between the obesity pandemic and global warming.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Milton Fabian Suarez-Ortegon, Jenny Elizabeth Ordonez-Betancourth, Jose Guillermo Ortega-Avila, Ana Yibby Forero, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between three adiposity markers and iron-deficient status in reproductive-age women. The results showed that waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and BMI were inversely associated with iron deficiency. Among them, waist-to-height ratio had the strongest correlation.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Iron regulation is crucial for maintaining healthy adipose tissue function. Excessive accumulation of iron in adipose tissue can lead to dysfunction. Understanding the interplay between iron and adipose tissue is important for developing new therapeutic approaches to improve and prevent adipose tissue dysfunction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aina Lluch, Jessica Latorre, Angela Serena-Maione, Isabel Espadas, Estefania Caballano-Infantes, Jose M. Moreno-Navarrete, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Wifredo Ricart, Maria M. Malagon, Alejandro Martin-Montalvo, Walter Birchmeier, Witold Szymanski, Johannes Graumann, Maria Gomez-Serrano, Elena Sommariva, Jose M. Fernandez-Real, Francisco J. J. Ortega
Summary: This study reveals that levels of Plakophilin-2 (PKP2) steadily increase during fat cell differentiation, but are compromised in the presence of inflammation. Expression of PKP2 in subcutaneous adipose tissue diminishes in patients with obesity and normalizes upon weight loss. The impaired PKP2 leads to cell cycle dysfunction and premature senescence in adipocytes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Latorre, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Francisco Ortega, Ferran Comas, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: This study investigated the role of CDO1 gene expression in adipose tissue and found that higher CDO1 expression was associated with improved metabolic profiles, decreased fasting triglycerides and blood HbA1c levels, as well as gene expression markers of adipocyte function and inflammation in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
