Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eng Lee Ooi, Sharmalar Rajendran, Rosanna Tavella, Tracy Air, Gnanadevan Mahadavan, Margaret Arstall, Ajay Sinhal, Matthew Worthley, Christopher Zeitz, John Beltrame
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study assessed the prevalence and clinical predictors of OSA in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Male gender, diabetes, depression, hypertension, and other factors were identified as independent predictors of OSA. Furthermore, there appears to be an association between coronary vasomotor disorders and OSA.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Meszaros, Andras Bikov
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities. There are multiple mechanisms that may contribute to dyslipidaemia in OSA, including elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Carmina Pau, Arduino Aleksander Mangoni, Elisabetta Zinellu, Gianfranco Pintus, Ciriaco Carru, Alessandro Giuseppe Fois, Pietro Pirina, Angelo Zinellu
Summary: The study found that whole blood SOD concentrations were significantly lower in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea, while serum/plasma SOD concentrations did not show a significant difference. This suggests an impaired antioxidant defence in OSA patients.
Review
Biology
Miriam Peracaula, Daniela Torres, Paula Poyatos, Neus Luque, Eric Rojas, Anton Obrador, Ramon Orriols, Olga Tura-Ceide
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory condition characterized by repeated pauses in breathing during sleep due to upper airway obstruction. OSA is associated with endothelial dysfunction and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. This review explores the relationship between OSA and endothelial dysfunction, discusses the available treatments and their limitations, and provides insights into future research directions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mia Tranfic Duplancic, Renata Pecotic, Linda Lusic Kalcina, Ivana Pavlinac Dodig, Maja Valic, Marija Roguljic, Dunja Rogic, Ivana Lapic, Katarina Grdisa, Kristina Peros, Zoran Dogas
Summary: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to objectively assess the salivary flow rate and composition and periodontal inflammation in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients. The study found that subjects without OSA had higher salivary cortisol concentrations than OSA groups, and higher plaque scores were associated with a higher AHI. Subjects with hyposalivation had higher concentrations of salivary electrolytes and lower salivary pH levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Pasquale Tondo, Francesco Fanfulla, Giulia Scioscia, Roberto Sabato, Michela Salvemini, Cosimo C. De Pace, Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro, Donato Lacedonia
Summary: This study found that in young, non-obese individuals, severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension and nocturnal hypoxemia.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Susan Redline, Ali Azarbarzin, Yuksel Peker
Summary: In this Review, the authors summarize the shared risk factors and causal links between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as the emerging knowledge on the heterogeneity of OSA. They also explore the potential role of new biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with OSA.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Marta Marin-Oto, David Sanz-Rubio, Fernando Santamaria-Martos, Ivan Benitez, Ana L. Simon, Marta Forner, Pablo Cubero, Ana Gil, Manuel Sanchez-de-laTorre, Ferran Barbe, Jose M. Marin
Summary: The study found that patients with hypoxia-related diseases (including COPD, OSA, and OSA-COPD overlap) had lower levels of sRAGE compared to healthy individuals. However, patients with OSA who received CPAP treatment, especially those with concurrent COPD, showed a significant increase in sRAGE levels.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Selena Thomas, Shefali Patel, Prabhavathi Gummalla, Mary Anne Tablizo, Catherine Kier
Summary: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea not only affects sleep quality but also overall health. Untreated OSA can lead to long-term consequences in various aspects of health. Early identification and proper treatment are crucial for improving quality of life.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andras Bikov, Martina Meszaros, Esther Irene Schwarz
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disease characterized by upper airway collapse during sleep, leading to chronic intermittent hypoxaemia and systemic inflammation. OSA is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting coagulation and fibrinolysis processes. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of OSA-related changes in these processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandeep Raut, Gaurav Gupta, Rajiv Narang, Animesh Ray, R. M. Pandey, Atul Malhotra, Sanjeev Sinha
Summary: The study found a significant association between OSA severity and ventricular function as well as cardiac injury assessed by hs-cTnI. There was a marginal positive correlation between AHI events and mitral E/e' ratio. The circulating levels of hs-cTnI were significantly associated with different severity grades of OSA.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel Neunhauserer, Alessandro Patti, David Niederseer, Bernhard Kaiser, Janne Cadamuro, Bernd Lamprecht, Andrea Ermolao, Michael Studnicka, Josef Niebauer
Summary: This study demonstrated that exercise training has beneficial effects on exercise capacity, systemic/eosinophilic inflammation, and endothelial function in nonhypoxemic COPD patients. Patients with endothelial dysfunction showed a significant reduction in white blood cells after exercise training.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ludovica Borsoi, Patrizio Armeni, Gleb Donin, Francesco Costa, Luigi Ferini-Strambi
Summary: This study aims to assess the economic burden of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the adult population in Italy and finds that it causes a substantial economic impact on society. The low diagnosis and treatment rates are significant contributors to this burden.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ludovica Borsoi, Patrizio Armeni, Gleb Donin, Francesco Costa, Luigi Ferini-Strambi
Summary: This study assesses the economic burden of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the adult population in Italy, finding that its impact is highly underestimated due to low diagnosis and treatment rates. The results demonstrate that the economic burden caused by OSA is substantial, with various clinical and non-clinical conditions contributing significantly to the overall cost. These findings highlight the need for increased awareness of OSA and evidence-based policies to ensure appropriate care for patients.
Review
Respiratory System
Ama Johal, Mona M. Hamoda, Fernanda R. Almeida, Marie Marklund, Harishri Tallamraju
Summary: There is increasing recognition of the importance of dental sleep medicine and oral appliance therapy (OAT) in managing obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). This review focuses on understanding the mode of action of OAT, exploring its anatomical and physiological impact, clinical guidelines, device design features, patient predictors, and the impact on health outcomes.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrea Cignarella, Gian Paolo Fadini, Chiara Bolego, Lucia Trevisi, Carlotta Boscaro, Viola Sanga, Teresa Maria Seccia, Antonio Rosato, Gian Paolo Rossi, Matthias Barton
Summary: This review discusses the challenges clinicians face in angiogenesis inhibitor therapy, including the need to consider sex differences in clinical efficacy and safety, and proposes future research directions.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mattia Albiero, Marianna D'Anna, Benedetta Maria Bonora, Gaia Zuccolotto, Antonio Rosato, Marco Giorgio, Elisabetta Iori, Angelo Avogaro, Gian Paolo Fadini
Summary: For the first time, this study explores the hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic roles of p66Shc in regulating HSPC traffic and ischemic responses. Hematopoietic deletion of p66Shc is sufficient to rescue HSPC mobilization and homing in diabetes after ischemia and improves blood flow recovery. Inhibiting p66Shc in blood cells may be a novel strategy to counter PAD in diabetes.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gian Paolo Fadini, Stefano Del Prato, Angelo Avogaro, Anna Solini
Summary: With the increasing global population aging and prevalence of type 2 diabetes, prevention of diabetic complications remains a major challenge. SGLT2 inhibitors have been proven to reduce DKD progression and improve cardiovascular outcomes, but critical challenges such as channelling bias and database heterogeneity need to be addressed in research studies.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. P. Fadini, F. Boscari, D. Falaguasta, S. Ferretto, A. Maran, A. Avogaro, D. Bruttomesso
Summary: In routine care, patients with type 1 diabetes who switched to faster insulin aspart (FIA) experienced a reduction in the time spent in hyperglycemia > 250 mg/dl during daytime and an increase in time in range. These improvements were particularly significant for patients with higher baseline HbA1c levels.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gian Paolo Fadini
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mattia Albiero, Stefano Ciciliot, Anna Rodella, Ludovica Migliozzi, Francesco Ivan Amendolagine, Carlotta Boscaro, Gaia Zuccolotto, Antonio Rosato, Gian Paolo Fadini
Summary: Innate immune cells infiltrate and spread inflammatory signals in growing adipose tissue, leading to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in distant tissues. Oncostatin M (OSM), a cytokine, is debated for its role in the metabolic consequences of overfeeding. Through this study, it was found that OSM is required during obesity development, as its concentrations are dynamically regulated during a high-fat diet. Osm(-/-) mice showed glucose intolerance, impaired muscle glucose uptake, and worsened liver inflammation and damage, demonstrating the importance of OSM in adapting to overfeeding.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandra Giannella, Esmeralda Castelblanco, Carlo Federico Zambon, Daniela Basso, Marta Hernandez, Emilio Ortega, Nuria Alonso, Didac Mauricio, Angelo Avogaro, Giulio Ceolotto, Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg
Summary: This study analyzed the miRNA expression profile in patients with type 1 diabetes who had either carotid calcified or fibrous plaque. The results showed that miR-503-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-106b-3p, and miR-93-5p were significantly upregulated in patients with calcified plaque, while miR-10a-5p was downregulated. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of plaque formation.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gian Paolo Fadini, Mario Luca Morieri
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. L. Morieri, I. Raz, A. Consoli, M. Rigato, A. Lapolla, F. Broglio, E. Bonora, A. Avogaro, G. P. Fadini
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of dapagliflozin to DPP-4 inhibitors in achieving individualized HbA1c targets and extra-glycaemic endpoints in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that patients initiating dapagliflozin had a lower likelihood of reaching individualized HbA1c targets compared to those initiating DPP-4 inhibitors. However, they experienced greater improvements in body weight and blood pressure.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
B. M. Bonora, R. Cappellari, M. Albiero, L. Prevedello, M. Foletto, R. Vettor, A. Avogaro, G. P. Fadini
Summary: This study examined adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) in individuals with metabolic syndrome traits and found that these cells can enter the systemic circulation and establish ectopic adipose depots, leading to insulin resistance. This phenomenon, previously observed in mice, has been confirmed in humans, highlighting the importance of further investigation.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mauro Rigato, Gian Paolo Fadini, Angelo Avogaro
Summary: This study aimed to assess the safety of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that SGLT2is were well tolerated in the elderly, but older patients were underrepresented in clinical trials.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jonathan Golledge, Shivshankar Thanigaimani, Kristen S. Barratt, Gian Paolo Fadini
Summary: Diabetes is a major risk factor for ischaemic foot disease, which can lead to severe complications such as tissue loss and amputation. Current treatment options focus on revascularisation, but there are limitations in both surgical eligibility and success rates. Recent research in animal models and clinical trials have identified potential novel medical targets for ischaemia, aiming to improve wound healing and enhance blood supply recovery. However, translating these findings to human patients remains challenging due to limitations in clinically relevant animal models. Promising results have been reported in small clinical trials with certain therapies, but further research and larger clinical trials are needed to determine their broader applicability.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benedetta Maria Bonora, Mario Luca Morieri, Marella Marassi, Roberta Cappellari, Angelo Avogaro, Gian Paolo Fadini
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether measuring circulating levels of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can improve the prediction of long-term kidney outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that HSPC levels are associated with worsening kidney function and can enhance the identification of adverse kidney outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
