Article
Pediatrics
Amanda McKenna, Myra O'Regan, Kerry Ryder, Helen Fitzgerald, Hilary Hoey, Edna Roche
Summary: The study found that Ireland has a high incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with a slight reduction in incidence rates seen in recent years. The highest incidence remains in the 10- to 14-year-old age group, with higher diagnosis rates in autumn and winter. Ongoing monitoring of incidence rates is crucial for informing healthcare services and research related to pediatric diabetes management.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Parviainen, Taina Harkonen, Jorma Ilonen, Anna But, Mikael Knip
Summary: The study found significant age-related differences in characteristics of children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Children diagnosed at age <7 years had more autoimmune-related characteristics, while those diagnosed at age >= 13 years had higher male preponderance, longer duration of symptoms, and more severe metabolic decompensation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Parviainen, Taina Harkonen, Jorma Ilonen, Anna But, Mikael Knip, Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register
Summary: Our study analyzed the characteristics of 6,015 children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes between 2003 and 2019. The findings suggest that there are different underlying mechanisms in type 1 diabetes based on the age at diagnosis. Children diagnosed at a younger age showed stronger genetic susceptibility, higher frequency of autoantibodies, and a higher prevalence of affected relatives, while those diagnosed at an older age presented with a higher male preponderance and more severe metabolic decompensation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peter Jacob, Munachiso Nwokolo, Sally M. Cordon, Ian A. Macdonald, Fernando O. Zelaya, Stephanie A. Amiel, Owen O'Daly, Pratik Choudhary
Summary: The study found that during hypoglycemia, diabetes patients with preserved hypoglycemia awareness showed changes in connectivity in the DMN and SN, while patients with impaired awareness exhibited reduced connectivity within the RIFG. These findings suggest that changes in connectivity in the RIFG region may play a key role in impaired hypoglycemia awareness.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Edna F. Roche, Amanda M. McKenna, Myra O'Regan, Kerry J. Ryder, Helen M. Fitzgerald, Hilary M. C. V. Hoey
Summary: International incidence rates and trends of childhood type 1 diabetes vary. Recent data from Ireland showed a stabilization in incidence rates of T1D in children, but this study found an increase in Ireland from 2019 to 2021. The age at diagnosis is also shifting to an earlier age, and the pattern of seasonality has changed.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo, Yi-Chun Chen, C. Bruce Verchere, Leena Haataja, Peter Arvan, Pia Leete, Sarah J. Richardson, Noel G. Morgan, Wei-Jun Qian, Alberto Pugliese, Mark Atkinson, Carmella Evans-Molina, Emily K. Sims
Summary: Analysis of data from clinical cohorts and human pancreatic tissue suggests that reduced prohormone processing is an early and persistent feature in type 1 diabetes. This article reviews the current knowledge on alterations in islet prohormone expression and processing in type 1 diabetes, discusses their clinical impact, and outlines key next steps for further research. Exploring prohormone processing as a potential biomarker for personalized intervention in the natural history of type 1 diabetes and as a pathogenic anchor for identifying disease-specific endotypes is important for future studies.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Najda Rudman, Domagoj Kifer, Simranjeet Kaur, Vesna Simunovic, Ana Cvetko, Flemming Pociot, Grant Morahan, Olga Gornik
Summary: The study aimed to characterize plasma and IgG N-glycomes in patients with recent onset type 1 diabetes and assess their potential for risk assessment. The results showed that onset of type 1 diabetes was associated with changes in N-glycan structure, including an increase in high-mannose and bisecting GlcNAc structures and a decrease in monogalactosylation. A predictive model based on age, sex, and N-glycans showed significant discriminative power between children with type 1 diabetes and their healthy siblings.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eulalia Catamo, Antonietta Robino, Davide Tinti, Klemen Dovc, Roberto Franceschi, Manuela Giangreco, Paolo Gasparini, Egidio Barbi, Vittoria Cauvin, Ivana Rabbone, Tadej Battelino, Gianluca Tornese
Summary: Past studies on altered taste function in individuals with type 1 diabetes have yielded inconsistent results. This study found that individuals with type 1 diabetes have impaired taste recognition, particularly for bitter and sour tastes.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ammira Al-Shabeeb Akil, Esraa Yassin, Aljazi Al-Maraghi, Elbay Aliyev, Khulod Al-Malki, Khalid A. Fakhro
Summary: Type 1 diabetes affects millions globally and currently lacks a one-size-fits-all treatment approach. Personalized medicine, based on individual characteristics, holds promise for better management. Research focuses on risk identification and genetic therapies for improved outcomes.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Helmut Hiller, Dawn E. Beachy, Joseph J. Lebowitz, Stefanie Engler, Justin R. Mason, Douglas R. Miller, Irina Kusmarteva, Laura M. Jacobsen, Amanda L. Posgai, Habibeh Khoshbouei, Richard A. Oram, Desmond A. Schatz, Andrew T. Hattersley, Bernd Bodenmiller, Mark A. Atkinson, Harry S. Nick, Clive H. Wasserfall
Summary: This study found dysregulated expression of monogenic diabetes genes in the pancreas of individuals with T1D and at risk for T1D, with some genes related to cellular stress responses. Three arms of the ISR were significantly repressed in the pancreas of autoantibody+ individuals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Syreeni, N. Sandholm, C. Sidore, F. Cucca, J. Haukka, V. Harjutsalo, P. -H. Groop
Summary: The study identified multiple genes associated with T1D diagnosis age, including those in the HLA region and chromosome 17q12. Gene expression regulation related to lower T1D diagnosis age includes PNMT, IKZF3, and ZPBP2. These genes are enriched in open chromatin in various blood cells and tissues.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Vesa V. Hyrylae, Antti-Pekka E. Rissanen, Juha E. Peltonen, Anne S. Koponen, Heikki O. Tikkanen, Mika P. Tarvainen
Summary: Adult men with relatively well-controlled type 1 diabetes showed attenuated expiratory flow at peak exercise compared to healthy controls, independent of peak oxygen uptake and minute ventilation, while exhibiting similar ventilatory flow dynamics during submaximal exercise and recovery.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. N. Harvey, R. Hibbs, M. J. Maguire, H. O'Connell, J. W. Gregory
Summary: The risk of developing type 1 diabetes in Wales before the age of 15 is no longer increasing, and children born in winter have a lower risk of developing diabetes in the future. The data suggest a potential preventive role for vitamin D in childhood diabetes.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
William S. Gange, Jennifer Lopez, Benjamin Y. Xu, Khristina Lung, Seth A. Seabury, Brian C. Toy
Summary: This study investigated the incidence and risk factors for developing PDR, TRD, and NVG in patients with type 2 diabetes in the first 5 years post-diagnosis. It found that factors such as insulin use, high HbA(1c), renal disease, and older age were associated with increased risk of developing PDR, while young age, Medicare insurance, morbid obesity, and smoking were protective factors. Early screening and intervention may benefit patients at risk.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louise Granlund, Anders Hedin, Olle Korsgren, Oskar Skog, Marcus Lundberg
Summary: This study characterized the transcriptome of pancreatic islet cells from individuals with and without type 1 diabetes by analyzing islets directly extracted from frozen pancreatic tissue. The results showed a reduced proportion of beta cells and upregulated gene sets related to vasculature in islets from type 1 diabetes patients, along with increased vascular density. This study provides important insights into the pathophysiology of islets in type 1 diabetes, reflecting the in vivo situation to a high degree.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alistair J. K. Williams, Vito Lampasona, Michael Schlosser, Patricia W. Mueller, David L. Pittman, William E. Winter, Beena Akolkar, Rebecca Wyatt, Cristina Brigatti, Stephanie Krause, Peter Achenbach
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Caroline A. Brorsson, Suna Onengut, Wei-Min Chen, Janet Wenzlau, Liping Yu, Peter Baker, Alistair J. K. Williams, Polly J. Bingley, John C. Hutton, George S. Eisenbarth, Patrick Concannon, Stephen S. Rich, Flemming Pociot
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jody Ye, Anna E. Long, James A. Pearson, Hazel Taylor, Polly J. Bingley, Alistair J. K. Williams, Kathleen M. Gillespie
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Georgina M. Williams, Anna E. Long, Isabel V. Wilson, Rachel J. Aitken, Rebecca C. Wyatt, Timothy J. McDonald, F. Susan Wong, Andrew T. Hattersley, Alistair J. K. Williams, Polly J. Bingley, Kathleen M. Gillespie
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. C. Wyatt, C. Brigatti, D. Liberati, S. L. Grace, B. T. Gillard, A. E. Long, I. Marzinotto, D. K. Shoemark, K. A. Chandler, P. Achenbach, K. M. Gillespie, L. Piemonti, V. Lampasona, A. J. K. Williams
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karen T. Elvers, Ivey Geoghegan, Debbie K. Shoemark, Vito Lampasona, Polly J. Bingley, Alistair J. K. Williams
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alistair J. K. Williams, Anna E. Long
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Polly J. Bingley, Alistair J. K. Williams
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna E. Long, Kathleen M. Gillespie, Rachel J. Aitken, Julia C. Goode, Polly J. Bingley, Alistair J. K. Williams
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kathleen M. Gillespie, Rachel J. Aitken, Isabel Wilson, Alistair J. K. Williams, Polly J. Bingley
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna E. Long, Gifty George, Claire L. Williams
Summary: Islet autoantibodies are reliable biomarkers for identifying individuals at high risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Their prevalence and persistence after diagnosis are key factors in understanding the progression of the disease and selecting appropriate interventions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emily K. Sims, Rachel E. J. Besser, Colin Dayan, Cristy Geno Rasmussen, Carla Greenbaum, Kurt J. Griffin, William Hagopian, Mikael Knip, Anna E. Long, Frank Martin, Chantal Mathieu, Marian Rewers, Andrea K. Steck, John M. Wentworth, Stephen S. Rich, Olga Kordonouri, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, Kevan C. Herold
Summary: Most screening programs for type 1 diabetes identify individuals at risk through relatives, but many patients don't have a family history. Recent advancements in disease-modifying therapies have sparked interest in population screening. Existing programs rely on genetic or autoantibody screening, which have provided valuable insights into disease progression and screening timing.
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Danijela Tatovic, Angus G. Jones, Carol Evans, Anna E. Long, Kathleen Gillespie, Rachel E. J. Besser, Richard David Leslie, Colin M. Dayan