Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sophie Hallakou-Bozec, Micheline Kergoat, Pascale Fouqueray, Sebastien Bolze, David E. Moller
Summary: Imeglimin, a novel drug candidate, enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets isolated from rodents with Type 2 diabetes through increasing the NAD(+) pool, raising ATP levels, and promoting cADPR production. This unique mode of action suggests a potential link between elevated NAD(+) and improved glucose-induced Ca2+ mobilization, leading to enhanced insulin secretion and providing a new approach for treating patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Article
Neurosciences
Stewart W. C. Masson, Jonathan S. T. Woodhead, Randall F. D'Souza, Sophie C. Broome, Caitlin MacRae, Hyun C. Cho, Robert D. Atiola, Tumanu Futi, Jessica R. Dent, Peter R. Shepherd, Troy L. Merry
Summary: Beta-catenin plays a crucial role in regulating glucose uptake during exercise/contraction, potentially through facilitating actin cytoskeleton remodelling to support glucose transport.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Anup Parchure, Meng Tian, Daniele Stalder, Cierra K. Boyer, Shelby C. Bearrows, Kristen E. Rohli, Jianchao Zhang, Felix Rivera-Molina, Bulat R. Ramazanov, Sushil K. Mahata, Yanzhuang Wang, Samuel B. Stephens, David C. Gershlick, Julia von Blume
Summary: This study reveals that chromogranin proteins can form a liquid scaffold in the TGN and transport molecules like insulin to SGs. This finding provides a new receptor-independent sorting model and has important implications for understanding membrane trafficking.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Estifanos N. Habtemichael, Don T. Li, Joao Paulo Camporez, Xavier O. Westergaard, Chloe Sales, Xinran Liu, Francesc Lopez-Giraldez, Stephen G. DeVries, Hanbing Li, Diana M. Ruiz, Kenny Y. Wang, Bhavesh S. Sayal, Sofia Gonzalez Zapata, Pamela Dann, Stacey N. Brown, Sandro Hirabara, Daniel F. Vatner, Leigh Goedeke, William Philbrick, Gerald Shulman, Jonathan S. Bogan
Summary: Insulin-stimulated TUG cleavage pathway regulates gene expression to promote lipid oxidation and thermogenesis, linking glucose uptake to organismal energy expenditure. Attenuation of this mechanism may promote obesity as it contributes to the thermic effect of food.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siresha Bathina, Tumininu S. Faniyan, Lauren Bainbridge, Autumn Davis, Kavaljit H. Chhabra
Summary: The role of beta-cell Glut2 in regulating insulin secretion and blood glucose levels in mice was investigated in this study. Knocking down Glut2 specifically in beta-cells did not affect glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and systemic glucose homeostasis in mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maysam Mansouri, Preetam Guha Ray, Nik Franko, Shuai Xue, Martin Fussenegger
Summary: The development of novel strategies to program cellular behaviors is a central goal in synthetic biology. In this study, we have developed a programmable protease-mediated post-translational switch (POSH) control platform that allows rapid protein secretion on demand. Different stimuli, including plant-derived chemicals, clinically compatible chemicals, and remotely controllable inducers, can program protein secretion in engineered mammalian cells. This platform has potential applications in various fields, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Han-Chow E. Koh, Stephan van Vliet, Gretchen A. Meyer, Richard Laforest, Robert J. Gropler, Samuel Klein, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: The study aimed to explore the relationships among muscle fibre type composition, perfusion, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake rates in healthy lean individuals and those with obesity. Results showed that obesity-associated insulin resistance is generalized across all major muscles and is not influenced by alterations in muscle fibre type composition or perfusion. Additionally, insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal relative to fat-free mass serves as a reliable indicator of muscle glucose uptake rate.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoya Li, Hongwei Zhang, Xiaojing Ma, Yufei Wang, Xiaodong Han, Ying Yang, Haoyong Yu, Yuqian Bao
Summary: This study found that FSTL3 is highly expressed in adipose tissue in individuals with overweight or obesity and has an inhibitory effect on inflammation in human adipocytes. Serum FSTL3 levels may serve as a biomarker to assess visceral obesity and inflammation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amy Zheng, Haiyan Wang, Edward B. Arias, Gengfu Dong, Jiahui Zhao, Gregory D. Cartee
Summary: The effects of calorie restriction on female wildtype and Akt substrate of 160 kDa knockout rats were evaluated. The results showed that calorie restriction increased muscle glucose uptake and GLUT4 protein abundance, and AS160 expression was essential for these increases.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paola A. Ramos, Kelli A. Lytle, Danae Delivanis, Soren Nielsen, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Michael D. Jensen
Summary: The study found that there were no defects in insulin receptor signaling at the Akt/AS160 level in the muscles of obese individuals, indicating uncertainties in the mechanism of muscle insulin resistance in obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alicia White, Jane Stremming, Brit H. Boehmer, Eileen I. Chang, Sonnet S. Jonker, Stephanie R. Wesolowski, Laura D. Brown, Paul. J. Rozance
Summary: After a 1-week infusion of IGF-1 LR3, late gestation fetal sheep showed lower plasma insulin and glucose concentrations, reduced fetal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and decreased fractional insulin secretion from isolated fetal islets without changes in pancreatic insulin content.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keiichi Katsumoto, Siham Yennek, Chunguang Chen, Luis Fernando Delgadillo Silva, Sofia Traikov, Dror Sever, Ajuna Azad, Jingdong Shan, Seppo Vainio, Nikolay Ninov, Stephan Speier, Anne Grapin-Botton
Summary: Diabetes is a disease characterized by the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic beta-cells. This study reveals that WNT4 is activated heterogeneously by beta-cells during their postnatal maturation, with WNT4-positive cells being more mature. Inactivating WNT4 in beta-cells after maturation impairs beta-cell function.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haiyan Wang, Amy Zheng, Edward B. Arias, Seong Eun Kwak, Xiufang Pan, Dongsheng Duan, Gregory D. Cartee
Summary: Exercise increases glucose uptake by skeletal muscle after exercise in both sexes, and the role of AS160 protein and its phosphorylation in this process has been studied in male rats, but not in females. This study manipulated AS160 expression and muscle GLUT4 protein expression, and found that AS160 expression plays an important role in increasing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake after exercise, while the phosphorylation status of AS160 has no effect on this process.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoyu Duan, Weijie Sun, Hongwen Sun, Lianying Zhang
Summary: The study revealed that PFASs adversely affect insulin secretion, with exposure to PFOS inhibiting SIRT1 activity and leading to impairment of GSIS.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiang Chen, Xiaojie Dou, Wei Qiu, Yichuan Hong, Yifan Chen
Summary: A novel microgel that responds at physiological conditions was synthesized in this study by precipitate polymerization. The microgel exhibited changes in swelling degree induced by temperature, pH, and glucose, and it could function as a glucose concentration detector. The drug loading process of the microgel was influenced by pH and insulin concentrations, and the microgel showed a high insulin loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency. Furthermore, an integrated gel was formed by aggregating microgel and insulin using centrifugal force, and it demonstrated pH-induced insulin release behavior.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Lucia Ilaria Sgaramella, Angela Gurrado, Alessandro Pasculli, Nicola de Angelis, Riccardo Memeo, Francesco Paolo Prete, Stefano Berti, Graziano Ceccarelli, Marco Rigamonti, Francesco Giuseppe Aldo Badessi, Nicola Solari, Marco Milone, Fausto Catena, Stefano Scabini, Francesco Vittore, Gennaro Perrone, Carlo de Werra, Ferdinando Cafiero, Mario Testini
Summary: The study analyzed data from 604 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 30 Italian surgical departments, and found that correctly performing the Critical View of Safety (CVS) can significantly reduce intraoperative complications.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Luca Miceli, Francesca Dal Mas, Helena Biancuzzi, Rym Bednarova, Alessandro Rizzardo, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Eric S. Holmboe
Summary: Telemedicine and remote visits, particularly in oncology, have gained popularity due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which has emphasized the need for social distancing and limiting access to clinical facilities. The National Cancer Institute of Aviano, Italy, has launched a program called Doctor @ Home (D@H), focusing on the co-production and co-learning approach in oncological care to maximize outcomes through modern technologies.
JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Surgery
Lorenzo Cobianchi, Francesca Dal Mas, Maurizio Massaro, Rym Bednarova, Helena Biancuzzi, Claudia Filisetti, Amelia Barcellini, Ester Orlandi, Luca Miceli, Peter Angelos
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jeffrey D. Pressly, Margaret Z. Gurumani, Javier T. Varona Santos, Alessia Fornoni, Sandra Merscher, Hassan Al-Ali
Summary: Advances in understanding lipid droplet biology have revealed their essential roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and response to stress. In addition to being passive energy storage organelles, lipid droplets provide protection against various stresses. Dysregulation of lipid droplet homeostasis is associated with a range of diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Surgery
Lorenzo Cobianchi, Francesca Dal Mas
SURGICAL INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Erwin Ilegems, Galyna Bryzgalova, Jorge Correia, Burcak Yesildag, Edurne Berra, Jorge L. Ruas, Teresa S. Pereira, Per-Olof Berggren
Summary: This study found the presence of HIF-1 alpha in pancreatic cells during the progression of type 2 diabetes, and demonstrated that treatment with the HIF-1 alpha inhibitor PX-478 can improve beta cell function, prevent diabetes progression, and increase insulin secretion. The results showed that PX-478 treatment has an improving effect on mouse and human islets.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alina Rodriguez, Katarzyna Korzeniowska, Kamila Szarejko, Hubert Borowski, Michal Brzezinski, Malgorzata Mysliwiec, Leszek Czupryniak, Per-Olof Berggren, Marcin Radziwill, Piotr Soszynski
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of adolescent obesity in early adolescence and highlights its significance as a public health problem, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe. The findings suggest that overweight/obesity is more prevalent than thinness in this age group and is characterized by sex/gender differences. The study also emphasizes the need for integrated and personalized intervention strategies, taking into account the differences in behaviors and habits between boys and girls, as well as the impact of poor cardiorespiratory fitness on long-term obesity and disease.
Article
Oncology
Giulia Fontana, Amelia Barcellini, Dario Boccuzzi, Mattia Pecorilla, Pierre Loap, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Viviana Vitolo, Maria Rosaria Fiore, Alessandro Vai, Guido Baroni, Lorenzo Preda, Sara Imparato, Ester Orlandi
Summary: This study evaluated the association between pretreatment diffusion-weighted MRI and 12-month radiological response in locally recurrent rectal cancer treated with carbon ion radiotherapy. The findings suggest that certain features of pretreatment DW-MRI may be indicative of the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Uma D. Kabra, Noah Moruzzi, Per-Olof Berggren, Martin Jastroch
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics play a critical role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Overexpression of mitochondrial fission regulator Drp1 can improve insulin secretion in Drp1-knockdown cells, but does not affect mitochondrial metabolism in wildtype cells. However, constitutive presence of Drp1 unexpectedly impairs insulin content and upregulates ER stress-related genes, possibly impacting insulin production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marco Infante, Camillo Ricordi
Summary: Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP) refers to different types of diabetes resulting from disorders of the exocrine pancreas. Post-total pancreatectomy diabetes mellitus (PTPDM) is a unique form of DEP with distinct pathophysiological and clinical features.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaixuan Zhao, Yue Shi, Jia Yu, Lina Yu, Martin Kohler, Amber Mael, Anthony Kolton, Thomas Joyce, Jon Odorico, Per-Olof Berggren, Shao-Nian Yang
Summary: Ca(V)3 channels are downregulated during the maturation of electrically excitable cells, including pancreatic beta cells. Excessive Ca(V)3 channels impede the maturation of engineered human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived islet (hiPSC-islet) cells. Inhibiting Ca(V)3 channels facilitates glucose-activated Ca2+ signaling and the maturation of engineered hiPSC-islet insulin-expressing cells.
Article
Immunology
Marco Infante, Laura Vitiello, Andrea Fabbri, Camillo Ricordi, Nathalia Padilla, Francesca Pacifici, Pasquale Di Perna, Marina Passeri, David Della-Morte, Massimiliano Caprio, Luigi Uccioli
Summary: We describe a case of a 22-year-old Italian man with new-onset type 1 diabetes who experienced an unusually prolonged clinical remission phase (31 months). The patient was treated with calcifediol and low-dose insulin, resulting in the maintenance of residual beta-cell function and clinical remission. This may be attributed to the immunoregulatory properties of calcifediol.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Paola Fugazzola, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Francesca Dal Mas, Marco Ceresoli, Federico Coccolini, Simone Frassini, Matteo Tomasoni, Fausto Catena, Luca Ansaloni, SPRiMACC Collaborative Grp
Summary: The timing of early cholecystectomy does not affect post-operative complications and mortality, but it does have an impact on intraoperative complications and partial cholecystectomy rates. As the duration of symptoms increases, the complexity and risk of surgery also increase due to worsening inflammation.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
A. Della Monica, P. Ferrara, F. Dal Mas, L. Cobianchi, F. Scannapieco, F. Ruta
Summary: This paper systematically reviews the literature on the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the psychological well-being of health professionals from January to December 2020. The results indicate that healthcare workers during the emergency phase of the pandemic exhibit psychological disorders that can compromise their mental health. Adequate measures, including psychological support, are needed to increase the resilience of healthcare workers and reduce stress and anxiety, enabling them to maintain their performance at work.
ANNALI DI IGIENE MEDICINA PREVENTIVA E DI COMUNITA
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rym Bednarova, Helena Biancuzzi, Alessandro Rizzardo, Francesca Dal Mas, Maurizio Massaro, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Amelia Barcellini, Ester Orlandi, Luca Miceli
JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION
(2022)