Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nal Ae Yoon, Sabrina Diano
Summary: This article reviews the current literature on hypothalamic glucose-sensing mechanisms and discusses the impact of alterations of these mechanisms on the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bowen Yao, Xiaohui Ren, Chen Feng, Hui Qiao, Xiang Qi
Summary: Developing enzyme-free glucose sensors based on transitional metal oxides is a growing trend in response to increasing demand for glucose monitoring. This study demonstrates the preparation and characterization of a photoactive Cu2O film for effective and selective glucose detection. The Cu2O film exhibited enhanced photocurrent response and inhibited charge recombination, enabling the construction of high sensitivity photoelectrochemical-type glucose sensors. The investigation provides valuable insights into electro-assist redox and glucose catalytic processes, guiding the fabrication of glucose sensors with improved sensitivity and selectivity.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. Ordenes, P. S. Villar, E. Tarifeno-Saldivia, M. Salgado, R. Elizondo-Vega, Ricardo C. Araneda, Maria A. Garcia-Robles
Summary: The study investigated the impact of lactate receptor HCAR1 on POMC neurons, revealing that lactate can modulate neuronal excitability through both intracellular and intercellular actions, with HCAR1 mainly located in astrocytes rather than POMC neurons.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linh V. Nguyen, Khoa D. A. Nguyen, Chi-Thanh Ma, Quoc-Thai Nguyen, Huong T. H. Nguyen, Dong-Joo Yang, Trung Le Tran, Ki Woo Kim, Khanh V. Doan
Summary: p-Coumaric acid potentially activates peripheral AMPK and improves glucose metabolism, while showing inhibitory effects on central AMPK activity. This differential effect enhances hypothalamic leptin sensitivity and improves whole-body glucose homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Yue Deng, Guorui Deng, Justin L. Grobe, Huxing Cui
Summary: Obesity is commonly associated with sympathetic overdrive, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The activation of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and downstream signaling pathways in distinct hypothalamic neurons plays a crucial role in regulating appetite, metabolic homeostasis, and sympathetic control of cardiovascular function.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nal Ae Yoon, Sungho Jin, Jung Dae Kim, Zhong Wu Liu, Qiushi Sun, Rebecca Cardone, Richard Kibbey, Sabrina Diano
Summary: Lactate activates POMC neurons through redox signaling and blocking mitochondrial glucose utilization to regulate feeding and glucose metabolism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Larissa Valadares Ramos, Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa, Sandra Fernandes Arruda
Summary: The effects of coffee on glucose metabolism in obesity are controversial. Results showed that chronic coffee consumption did not ameliorate the negative effects on glucose metabolism induced by a high-fat diet, but it did improve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, increase insulin secretion, and promote muscle glycogen synthesis.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ashley Castellanos-Jankiewicz, Omar Guzman-Quevedo, Valerie S. Fenelon, Philippe Zizzari, Carmelo Quarta, Luigi Bellocchio, Anne Tailleux, Julie Charton, Daniela Fernandois, Marcus Henricsson, Catherine Piveteau, Vincent Simon, Camille Allard, Sandrine Quemener, Valentine Guinot, Nathalie Hennuyer, Alessia Perino, Alexia Duveau, Marlene Maitre, Thierry Leste-Lasserre, Samantha Clark, Nathalie Dupuy, Astrid Cannich, Delphine Gonzales, Benoit Deprez, Gilles Mithieux, David Dombrowicz, Fredrik Backhed, Vincent Prevot, Giovanni Marsicano, Bart Staels, Kristina Schoonjans, Daniela Cota
Summary: Activation of hypothalamic TGR5 signaling reduces body weight and fat mass by promoting negative energy balance, counteracting diet-induced obesity. Conversely, downregulation of hypothalamic TGR5 expression may contribute to the development of obesity. These findings highlight the important role of hypothalamic TGR5 signaling in the pathophysiology of obesity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Fosch, Sebastian Zagmutt, Nuria Casals, Rosalia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
Summary: SF1 neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus play a crucial role in sensing glucose levels and mediating insulin and leptin signaling, as well as in energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis, particularly in the early stages of obesity. While studies have provided insight into the central role of these neurons in whole-body energy homeostasis, they have also raised new questions regarding the existence of neuronal sub-populations and the complexity of neurocircuitry.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo Rorato, Nathalia L. Ferreira, Franciane P. Oliveira, Higor J. Fideles, Tays A. Camilo, Jose Antunes-Rodrigues, Andre S. Mecawi, Lucila L. K. Elias
Summary: Research suggests that modulating CB2 signaling in high fat diet-induced obese mice may affect glucose homeostasis and glial reactivity in the hypothalamus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandria Maria Szalanczy, Chia-Chi Catherine Key, Leah Chuang Solberg Woods
Summary: Research highlights the importance of genetic variants in the occurrence of obesity, especially the enrichment of genes in the brain. Inflammation in the hypothalamus is also considered a precursor to obesity. Despite individual interests in genetic variations in these pathways, there is currently a lack of research exploring the relationship between the two.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jinxin Li, Foram Madiyar, Sahil Ghate, Kowsik Sambath Kumar, Jayan Thomas
Summary: In this study, a plasmonic OECT (POET) device that combines the advantages of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) and plasmonic sensors is reported. The device is fabricated through a nanoimprinting process and can be used for sensitive biosensing. With glucose sensing as an example, a five-times sensitivity enhancement is achieved for POET compared to a regular (non-plasmonic) OECT. This opens up new possibilities for optoelectronic sensors that combine the inherent high sensitivity of OECTs and localized plasmonic field to detect a wide range of biomolecules.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jinxin Li, Foram Madiyar, Sahil Ghate, Kowsik Sambath Kumar, Jayan Thomas
Summary: Researchers have developed a plasmonic OECT device that combines the advantages of OECTs and plasmonic sensors, resulting in high sensitivity for biosensing. The device is fabricated using a simple nanoimprinting process, allowing tuning of plasmonic resonance peak for versatile sensing. Glucose sensing experiments showed a five-fold sensitivity enhancement for the plasmonic OECT compared to a regular OECT, suggesting its potential for sensing a wide range of biomolecules.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lionel Carneiro, Claire Fenech, Fabienne Lienard, Sylvie Grall, Besma Abed, Joulia Haydar, Camille Allard, Lucie Desmoulins, Romain Paccoud, Marie-Claude Brindisi, Thomas Mouillot, Laurent Brondel, Xavier Fioramonti, Luc Penicaud, Agnes Jacquin-Piques, Corinne Leloup
Summary: This study found that obese and insulin-resistant rats lacking ghrelin exhibited hypersensitivity to glucose and excessive insulin secretion, which could be reversed by ghrelin treatment. These findings suggest that ghrelin modulates glucose hypersensitivity and insulin secretion through regulating mitochondrial metabolism and reactive oxygen species signaling.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fabiane Ferreira Martins, Thiago Santos-Reis, Thatiany Souza Marinho, Marcia Barbosa Aguila, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of semaglutide on neuropeptide signaling in the hypothalamic energy metabolism of diet-induced obese mice. The results showed that semaglutide improved leptin sensitivity and anorexigenic signaling, while decreasing orexigenic signaling. Furthermore, semaglutide also affected biometric data and hypothalamic gene expressions. Therefore, semaglutide can activate anorexigenic signaling by restoring leptin, amylin, and POMC pathways in diet-induced obese mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Gore, Thibaut Duparc, Annelise Genoux, Bertrand Perret, Souad Najib, Laurent O. Martinez
Summary: IF1 is an endogenous inhibitor of ATP synthase, involved in mitochondrial functions, energy metabolism, redox balance, and cell fate. Despite recent paradigm shifts regarding IF1 functions, its study in entire organisms and different organs remains limited. The investigation of IF1 at multiple levels and in various pathophysiological conditions may help uncover therapeutic strategies in human pathology.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Christophe Magnan, Philippe Valet
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laurent Brondel, Didier Quilliot, Thomas Mouillot, Naim Akhtar Khan, Philip Bastable, Vincent Boggio, Corinne Leloup, Luc Penicaud
Summary: Obesity is the result of an alteration in the homeostatic feedback of energy balance, leading to a temporary or prolonged positive energy balance. Food plays a key role in reward-based energy intake, and an alteration in the brain reward system may contribute to the development of obesity by increasing the attractiveness and consumption of fat-rich foods. Understanding this altered reward system may have implications for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of obesity.
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin Deckmyn, Dorothee Domenger, Chloe Blondel, Sarah Ducastel, Emilie Nicolas, Emilie Dorchies, Emilie Caron, Julie Charton, Emmanuelle Vallez, Benoit Deprez, Jean-Sebastien Annicotte, Sophie Lestavel, Anne Tailleux, Christophe Magnan, Bart Staels, Kadiombo Bantubungi
Summary: A study found that activation of the nuclear bile acid receptor in the brain can modify energy homeostasis by affecting the function of brown adipose tissue. Activation of brain FXR decreases the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, which in turn reduces sympathetic tone. This research sheds new light on the complex control of energy homeostasis by bile acids through FXR.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aurelie Joly-Amado, Maud Soty, Erwannha Philippe, Amelie Lacombe, Julien Castel, Bruno Pillot, Justine Vily-Petit, Carine Zitoun, Gilles Mithieux, Christophe Magnan
Summary: Stimulation of hepatoportal glucose sensors increases insulin tolerance in rat models of insulin resistance and requires the presence of capsaicin-sensitive nerves.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Maya Faour, Christophe Magnan, Hirac Gurden, Claire Martin
Summary: The olfactory system plays a crucial role in both sensory processing and metabolic sensing. It not only detects and identifies food odors, but also senses and regulates the hormones and nutrients responsible for feeding behavior. This review explores the impact of obesity and type 2 diabetes on olfactory threshold and perception, and discusses how metabolic homeostasis changes can alter olfactory processing. It also examines the interaction between the olfactory system and other brain networks affected by metabolic diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ghislaine Garrel, Claude Rouch, David L'Hote, Salma Tazi, Nadim Kassis, Frank Giton, Julien Dairou, Pascal Dournaud, Pierre Gressens, Christophe Magnan, Celine Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Joelle Cohen-Tannoudji
Summary: Our study found that high-fat diet-induced defects in gonadotrope activity in male rats occurred despite a lack of pituitary inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Celine Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Kelly Meneyrol, Jessica Denom, Nadim Kassis, Latif Rachdi, Fatna Makaci, Stephanie Migrenne-Li, Fabrice Daubigney, Eleni Georgiadou, Raphael G. Denis, Ana Rodriguez Sanchez-Archidona, Jean-Louis Paul, Bernard Thorens, Guy A. Rutter, Christophe Magnan, Herve Le Stunff, Nathalie Janel
Summary: This study investigated the effects of an inborn defect in CBS on glucose homeostasis and found that CBS+/- mice exhibited impaired insulin secretion under HHcy, while mice with intermediate HHcy showed improved insulin sensitivity to maintain glucose tolerance. Islet isolation experiments suggested that lower parasympathetic tone might be partially responsible for the insulin secretion defect.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julie Pires Da Silva, Matthieu Wargny, Jeremy Raffin, Mikael Croyal, Thibaut Duparc, Guillaume Combes, Annelise Genoux, Bertrand Perret, Bruno Vellas, Sophie Guyonnet, Claire Thalamas, Dominique Langin, Cedric Moro, Nathalie Viguerie, Yves Rolland, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Bertrand Cariou, Laurent O. Martinez
Summary: This study analyzed the association between plasma ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) levels and markers of glucose homeostasis as well as the development of new-onset diabetes (NOD) in individuals with prediabetes. The results showed that IF1 levels were negatively correlated with clinical variables associated with obesity and insulin resistance, and positively correlated with markers of cardiometabolic health. Furthermore, the study found a significant association between IF1 levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Patrick Gonzalez, Alexandre Dos Santos, Marion Darnaud, Nicolas Moniaux, Delphine Rapoud, Claire Lacoste, Tung-Son Nguyen, Valentine S. Moulle, Alice Deshayes, Gilles Amouyal, Paul Amouyal, Christian Brechot, Celine Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Fabrizio Andreelli, Christophe Magnan, Jamila Faivre
Summary: Antimicrobial protein REG3A improves glucose and lipid homeostasis in mouse models of obesity and type 2 diabetes by combating oxidative stress, increasing AMPK phosphorylation, and enhancing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle tissue. This study sheds light on the dual function of REG3A in host-immune defense and metabolic regulation and highlights its importance in controlling oxidative protein damage during obesity and diabetes.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Justine Lallement, Ilyes Raho, Gregory Merlen, Dominique Rainteau, Mikael Croyal, Melody Schiffano, Nadim Kassis, Isabelle Doignon, Maud Soty, Floriane Lachkar, Michel Krempf, Matthias Van Hul, Patrice D. Cani, Fabienne Foufelle, Chloe Amouyal, Herve Le Stunff, Christophe Magnan, Thierry Tordjmann, Celine Cruciani-Guglielmacci
Summary: This study aimed to determine the role of de novo hepatic ceramide synthesis in energy and liver homeostasis. The results showed that mice lacking the Sptlc2 gene were protected against obesity induced by high fat diet and displayed a defect in lipid absorption. In addition, the deficiency enhanced glucose tolerance and attenuated hepatic glucose production, while the latter effect was dampened in presence of nSMase2 inhibitor. Furthermore, Sptlc2 disruption promoted apoptosis, inflammation, and progressive development of hepatic fibrosis. These findings highlight the importance of ceramides in liver homeostasis and metabolic functions.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlotte Corporeau, Christelle Le Foll, Celine Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Herve Le Stunff, Gilles Mithieux, Christophe Magnan, Jacques Delarue
Summary: LC n-3 PUFA can reduce weight gain and improve liver insulin resistance in obese rats, possibly by alleviating hypothalamic lipotoxicity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hugo Martin, Adeline Coursan, Justine Lallement, Mathieu Di Miceli, Janany Kandiah, Ilyes Raho, Jasmine Buttler, Jean-Philippe Guilloux, Philippe De Deurwaerdere, Sophie Laye, Vanessa H. Routh, Bruno P. Guiard, Christophe Magnan, Celine Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Xavier Fioramonti
Summary: This study aimed to determine the contribution of serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the regulation of the counter-regulatory response (CRR). The results showed that 5-HT neurons can detect iatrogenic hypoglycemia in response to increased insulin levels and may play an important role in the regulation of CRR.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lionel Carneiro, Lucie Marousez, Matthias Van Hul, Lea Chantal Tran, Marie De Lamballerie, Delphine Ley, Patrice D. Cani, Claude Knauf, Jean Lesage
Summary: This study demonstrates that high hydrostatic pressure processing can reinforce intestinal barrier integrity without affecting gut microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mireia Montaner, Jessica Denom, Wanqing Jiang, Christophe Magnan, Stefan Trapp, Hirac Gurden
Summary: The study investigates the role of the GLP-1/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) system in the olfactory bulb (OB) in foraging behavior and odor-evoked Cephalic Phase Insulin Release (CPIR). The results demonstrate that GLP-1OB controls olfactory foraging and is required for odor-evoked CPIR.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)